
// Compiler implementation of the D programming language
// Copyright (c) 1999-2010 by Digital Mars
// All Rights Reserved
// written by Walter Bright
// http://www.digitalmars.com
// License for redistribution is by either the Artistic License
// in artistic.txt, or the GNU General Public License in gnu.txt.
// See the included readme.txt for details.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>

#include "init.h"
#include "declaration.h"
#include "attrib.h"
#include "mtype.h"
#include "template.h"
#include "scope.h"
#include "aggregate.h"
#include "module.h"
#include "id.h"
#include "expression.h"
#include "hdrgen.h"

/********************************* Declaration ****************************/

Declaration::Declaration(Identifier *id)
    : Dsymbol(id)
{
    type = NULL;
    originalType = NULL;
    storage_class = STCundefined;
    protection = PROTundefined;
    linkage = LINKdefault;
    inuse = 0;
}

void Declaration::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
}

const char *Declaration::kind()
{
    return "declaration";
}

unsigned Declaration::size(Loc loc)
{
    assert(type);
    return type->size();
}

int Declaration::isStaticConstructor()
{
    return FALSE;
}

int Declaration::isStaticDestructor()
{
    return FALSE;
}

int Declaration::isDelete()
{
    return FALSE;
}

int Declaration::isDataseg()
{
    return FALSE;
}

int Declaration::isThreadlocal()
{
    return FALSE;
}

int Declaration::isCodeseg()
{
    return FALSE;
}

enum PROT Declaration::prot()
{
    return protection;
}

/*************************************
 * Check to see if declaration can be modified in this context (sc).
 * Issue error if not.
 */

#if DMDV2
void Declaration::checkModify(Loc loc, Scope *sc, Type *t)
{
    if (sc->incontract && isParameter())
        error(loc, "cannot modify parameter '%s' in contract", toChars());

    if (sc->incontract && isResult())
        error(loc, "cannot modify result '%s' in contract", toChars());

    if (isCtorinit() && !t->isMutable())
    {   // It's only modifiable if inside the right constructor
        Dsymbol *s = sc->func;
        while (1)
        {
            FuncDeclaration *fd = NULL;
            if (s)
                fd = s->isFuncDeclaration();
            if (fd &&
                ((fd->isCtorDeclaration() && storage_class & STCfield) ||
                 (fd->isStaticCtorDeclaration() && !(storage_class & STCfield))) &&
                fd->toParent() == toParent()
               )
            {
                VarDeclaration *v = isVarDeclaration();
                assert(v);
                v->ctorinit = 1;
                //printf("setting ctorinit\n");
            }
            else
            {
                if (s)
                {   s = s->toParent2();
                    continue;
                }
                else
                {
                    const char *p = isStatic() ? "static " : "";
                    error(loc, "can only initialize %sconst %s inside %sconstructor",
                        p, toChars(), p);
                }
            }
            break;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        VarDeclaration *v = isVarDeclaration();
        if (v && v->canassign == 0)
        {
            const char *p = NULL;
            if (isConst())
                p = "const";
            else if (isImmutable())
                p = "immutable";
            else if (storage_class & STCmanifest)
                p = "enum";
            else if (!t->isAssignable())
                p = "struct with immutable members";
            if (p)
            {   error(loc, "cannot modify %s", p);
            }
        }
    }
}
#endif


/********************************* TupleDeclaration ****************************/

TupleDeclaration::TupleDeclaration(Loc loc, Identifier *id, Objects *objects)
    : Declaration(id)
{
    this->type = NULL;
    this->objects = objects;
    this->isexp = 0;
    this->tupletype = NULL;
}

Dsymbol *TupleDeclaration::syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s)
{
    assert(0);
    return NULL;
}

const char *TupleDeclaration::kind()
{
    return "tuple";
}

Type *TupleDeclaration::getType()
{
    /* If this tuple represents a type, return that type
     */

    //printf("TupleDeclaration::getType() %s\n", toChars());
    if (isexp)
        return NULL;
    if (!tupletype)
    {
        /* It's only a type tuple if all the Object's are types
         */
        for (size_t i = 0; i < objects->dim; i++)
        {   Object *o = (Object *)objects->data[i];

            if (o->dyncast() != DYNCAST_TYPE)
            {
                //printf("\tnot[%d], %p, %d\n", i, o, o->dyncast());
                return NULL;
            }
        }

        /* We know it's a type tuple, so build the TypeTuple
         */
        Parameters *args = new Parameters();
        args->setDim(objects->dim);
        OutBuffer buf;
        int hasdeco = 1;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < objects->dim; i++)
        {   Type *t = (Type *)objects->data[i];

            //printf("type = %s\n", t->toChars());
#if 0
            buf.printf("_%s_%d", ident->toChars(), i);
            char *name = (char *)buf.extractData();
            Identifier *id = new Identifier(name, TOKidentifier);
            Parameter *arg = new Parameter(STCin, t, id, NULL);
#else
            Parameter *arg = new Parameter(STCin, t, NULL, NULL);
#endif
            args->data[i] = (void *)arg;
            if (!t->deco)
                hasdeco = 0;
        }

        tupletype = new TypeTuple(args);
        if (hasdeco)
            return tupletype->semantic(0, NULL);
    }

    return tupletype;
}

int TupleDeclaration::needThis()
{
    //printf("TupleDeclaration::needThis(%s)\n", toChars());
    for (size_t i = 0; i < objects->dim; i++)
    {   Object *o = (Object *)objects->data[i];
        if (o->dyncast() == DYNCAST_EXPRESSION)
        {   Expression *e = (Expression *)o;
            if (e->op == TOKdsymbol)
            {   DsymbolExp *ve = (DsymbolExp *)e;
                Declaration *d = ve->s->isDeclaration();
                if (d && d->needThis())
                {
                    return 1;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

/********************************* TypedefDeclaration ****************************/

TypedefDeclaration::TypedefDeclaration(Loc loc, Identifier *id, Type *basetype, Initializer *init)
    : Declaration(id)
{
    this->type = new TypeTypedef(this);
    this->basetype = basetype->toBasetype();
    this->init = init;
#ifdef _DH
    this->htype = NULL;
    this->hbasetype = NULL;
#endif
    this->sem = 0;
    this->loc = loc;
    this->sinit = NULL;
}

Dsymbol *TypedefDeclaration::syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s)
{
    Type *basetype = this->basetype->syntaxCopy();

    Initializer *init = NULL;
    if (this->init)
        init = this->init->syntaxCopy();

    assert(!s);
    TypedefDeclaration *st;
    st = new TypedefDeclaration(loc, ident, basetype, init);
#ifdef _DH
    // Syntax copy for header file
    if (!htype)      // Don't overwrite original
    {   if (type)    // Make copy for both old and new instances
        {   htype = type->syntaxCopy();
            st->htype = type->syntaxCopy();
        }
    }
    else            // Make copy of original for new instance
        st->htype = htype->syntaxCopy();
    if (!hbasetype)
    {   if (basetype)
        {   hbasetype = basetype->syntaxCopy();
            st->hbasetype = basetype->syntaxCopy();
        }
    }
    else
        st->hbasetype = hbasetype->syntaxCopy();
#endif
    return st;
}

void TypedefDeclaration::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
    //printf("TypedefDeclaration::semantic(%s) sem = %d\n", toChars(), sem);
    if (sem == 0)
    {   sem = 1;
        basetype = basetype->semantic(loc, sc);
        sem = 2;
#if DMDV2
        type = type->addStorageClass(storage_class);
#endif
        type = type->semantic(loc, sc);
        if (sc->parent->isFuncDeclaration() && init)
            semantic2(sc);
        storage_class |= sc->stc & STCdeprecated;
    }
    else if (sem == 1)
    {
        error("circular definition");
    }
}

void TypedefDeclaration::semantic2(Scope *sc)
{
    //printf("TypedefDeclaration::semantic2(%s) sem = %d\n", toChars(), sem);
    if (sem == 2)
    {   sem = 3;
        if (init)
        {
            init = init->semantic(sc, basetype);

            ExpInitializer *ie = init->isExpInitializer();
            if (ie)
            {
                if (ie->exp->type == basetype)
                    ie->exp->type = type;
            }
        }
    }
}

const char *TypedefDeclaration::kind()
{
    return "typedef";
}

Type *TypedefDeclaration::getType()
{
    return type;
}

void TypedefDeclaration::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    buf->writestring("typedef ");
    basetype->toCBuffer(buf, ident, hgs);
    if (init)
    {
        buf->writestring(" = ");
        init->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
    }
    buf->writeByte(';');
    buf->writenl();
}

/********************************* AliasDeclaration ****************************/

AliasDeclaration::AliasDeclaration(Loc loc, Identifier *id, Type *type)
    : Declaration(id)
{
    //printf("AliasDeclaration(id = '%s', type = %p)\n", id->toChars(), type);
    //printf("type = '%s'\n", type->toChars());
    this->loc = loc;
    this->type = type;
    this->aliassym = NULL;
#ifdef _DH
    this->htype = NULL;
    this->haliassym = NULL;
#endif
    this->overnext = NULL;
    this->inSemantic = 0;
    assert(type);
}

AliasDeclaration::AliasDeclaration(Loc loc, Identifier *id, Dsymbol *s)
    : Declaration(id)
{
    //printf("AliasDeclaration(id = '%s', s = %p)\n", id->toChars(), s);
    assert(s != this);
    this->loc = loc;
    this->type = NULL;
    this->aliassym = s;
#ifdef _DH
    this->htype = NULL;
    this->haliassym = NULL;
#endif
    this->overnext = NULL;
    this->inSemantic = 0;
    assert(s);
}

Dsymbol *AliasDeclaration::syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s)
{
    //printf("AliasDeclaration::syntaxCopy()\n");
    assert(!s);
    AliasDeclaration *sa;
    if (type)
        sa = new AliasDeclaration(loc, ident, type->syntaxCopy());
    else
        sa = new AliasDeclaration(loc, ident, aliassym->syntaxCopy(NULL));
#ifdef _DH
    // Syntax copy for header file
    if (!htype)     // Don't overwrite original
    {   if (type)       // Make copy for both old and new instances
        {   htype = type->syntaxCopy();
            sa->htype = type->syntaxCopy();
        }
    }
    else                        // Make copy of original for new instance
        sa->htype = htype->syntaxCopy();
    if (!haliassym)
    {   if (aliassym)
        {   haliassym = aliassym->syntaxCopy(s);
            sa->haliassym = aliassym->syntaxCopy(s);
        }
    }
    else
        sa->haliassym = haliassym->syntaxCopy(s);
#endif
    return sa;
}

void AliasDeclaration::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
    //printf("AliasDeclaration::semantic() %s\n", toChars());
    if (aliassym)
    {
        if (aliassym->isTemplateInstance())
            aliassym->semantic(sc);
        return;
    }
    this->inSemantic = 1;

#if DMDV1   // don't really know why this is here
    if (storage_class & STCconst)
        error("cannot be const");
#endif

    storage_class |= sc->stc & STCdeprecated;

    // Given:
    //  alias foo.bar.abc def;
    // it is not knowable from the syntax whether this is an alias
    // for a type or an alias for a symbol. It is up to the semantic()
    // pass to distinguish.
    // If it is a type, then type is set and getType() will return that
    // type. If it is a symbol, then aliassym is set and type is NULL -
    // toAlias() will return aliasssym.

    Dsymbol *s;
    Type *t;
    Expression *e;

    /* This section is needed because resolve() will:
     *   const x = 3;
     *   alias x y;
     * try to alias y to 3.
     */
    s = type->toDsymbol(sc);
    if (s
#if DMDV2
`       && ((s->getType() && type->equals(s->getType())) || s->isEnumMember())
#endif
        )
        goto L2;                        // it's a symbolic alias

#if DMDV2
    type = type->addStorageClass(storage_class);
    if (storage_class & (STCref | STCnothrow | STCpure | STCdisable))
    {   // For 'ref' to be attached to function types, and picked
        // up by Type::resolve(), it has to go into sc.
        sc = sc->push();
        sc->stc |= storage_class & (STCref | STCnothrow | STCpure | STCshared | STCdisable);
        type->resolve(loc, sc, &e, &t, &s);
        sc = sc->pop();
    }
    else
#endif
        type->resolve(loc, sc, &e, &t, &s);
    if (s)
    {
        goto L2;
    }
    else if (e)
    {
        // Try to convert Expression to Dsymbol
        if (e->op == TOKvar)
        {   s = ((VarExp *)e)->var;
            goto L2;
        }
        else if (e->op == TOKfunction)
        {   s = ((FuncExp *)e)->fd;
            goto L2;
        }
        else
        {   error("cannot alias an expression %s", e->toChars());
            t = e->type;
        }
    }
    else if (t)
    {
        type = t;
    }
    if (overnext)
        ScopeDsymbol::multiplyDefined(0, this, overnext);
    this->inSemantic = 0;
    return;

  L2:
    //printf("alias is a symbol %s %s\n", s->kind(), s->toChars());
    type = NULL;
    VarDeclaration *v = s->isVarDeclaration();
    if (0 && v && v->linkage == LINKdefault)
    {
        error("forward reference of %s", v->toChars());
        s = NULL;
    }
    else
    {
        FuncDeclaration *f = s->toAlias()->isFuncDeclaration();
        if (f)
        {
            if (overnext)
            {
                FuncAliasDeclaration *fa = new FuncAliasDeclaration(f);
                if (!fa->overloadInsert(overnext))
                    ScopeDsymbol::multiplyDefined(0, f, overnext);
                overnext = NULL;
                s = fa;
                s->parent = sc->parent;
            }
        }
        if (overnext)
            ScopeDsymbol::multiplyDefined(0, s, overnext);
        if (s == this)
        {
            assert(global.errors);
            s = NULL;
        }
    }
    //printf("setting aliassym %s to %s %s\n", toChars(), s->kind(), s->toChars());
    aliassym = s;
    this->inSemantic = 0;
}

int AliasDeclaration::overloadInsert(Dsymbol *s)
{
    /* Don't know yet what the aliased symbol is, so assume it can
     * be overloaded and check later for correctness.
     */

    //printf("AliasDeclaration::overloadInsert('%s')\n", s->toChars());
    if (aliassym) // see test/test56.d
    {
        Dsymbol *a = aliassym->toAlias();
        FuncDeclaration *f = a->isFuncDeclaration();
        if (f)  // BUG: what if it's a template?
        {
            FuncAliasDeclaration *fa = new FuncAliasDeclaration(f);
            aliassym = fa;
            return fa->overloadInsert(s);
        }
    }

    if (overnext == NULL)
    {
        if (s == this)
        {
            return TRUE;
        }
        overnext = s;
        return TRUE;
    }
    else
    {
        return overnext->overloadInsert(s);
    }
}

const char *AliasDeclaration::kind()
{
    return "alias";
}

Type *AliasDeclaration::getType()
{
    //printf("AliasDeclaration::getType() %s\n", type->toChars());
#if 0
    if (!type->deco && scope)
        semantic(scope);
    if (type && !type->deco)
        error("forward reference to alias %s\n", toChars());
#endif
    return type;
}

Dsymbol *AliasDeclaration::toAlias()
{
    //printf("AliasDeclaration::toAlias('%s', this = %p, aliassym = %p, kind = '%s')\n", toChars(), this, aliassym, aliassym ? aliassym->kind() : "");
    assert(this != aliassym);
    //static int count; if (++count == 75) exit(0); //*(char*)0=0;
    if (inSemantic)
    {   error("recursive alias declaration");
        aliassym = new TypedefDeclaration(loc, ident, Type::terror, NULL);
    }
    else if (!aliassym && scope)
        semantic(scope);
    Dsymbol *s = aliassym ? aliassym->toAlias() : this;
    return s;
}

void AliasDeclaration::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    buf->writestring("alias ");
#if 0 && _DH
    if (hgs->hdrgen)
    {
        if (haliassym)
        {
            haliassym->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
            buf->writeByte(' ');
            buf->writestring(ident->toChars());
        }
        else
            htype->toCBuffer(buf, ident, hgs);
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        if (aliassym)
        {
            aliassym->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
            buf->writeByte(' ');
            buf->writestring(ident->toChars());
        }
        else
            type->toCBuffer(buf, ident, hgs);
    }
    buf->writeByte(';');
    buf->writenl();
}

/********************************* VarDeclaration ****************************/

VarDeclaration::VarDeclaration(Loc loc, Type *type, Identifier *id, Initializer *init)
    : Declaration(id)
{
    //printf("VarDeclaration('%s')\n", id->toChars());
#ifdef DEBUG
    if (!type && !init)
    {   printf("VarDeclaration('%s')\n", id->toChars());
        //*(char*)0=0;
    }
#endif
    assert(type || init);
    this->type = type;
    this->init = init;
#ifdef _DH
    this->htype = NULL;
    this->hinit = NULL;
#endif
    this->loc = loc;
    offset = 0;
    noauto = 0;
#if DMDV2
    isargptr = FALSE;
#endif
#if DMDV1
    nestedref = 0;
#endif
    ctorinit = 0;
    aliassym = NULL;
    onstack = 0;
    canassign = 0;
    value = NULL;
}

Dsymbol *VarDeclaration::syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s)
{
    //printf("VarDeclaration::syntaxCopy(%s)\n", toChars());

    VarDeclaration *sv;
    if (s)
    {   sv = (VarDeclaration *)s;
    }
    else
    {
        Initializer *init = NULL;
        if (this->init)
        {   init = this->init->syntaxCopy();
            //init->isExpInitializer()->exp->print();
            //init->isExpInitializer()->exp->dump(0);
        }

        sv = new VarDeclaration(loc, type ? type->syntaxCopy() : NULL, ident, init);
        sv->storage_class = storage_class;
    }
#ifdef _DH
    // Syntax copy for header file
    if (!htype)      // Don't overwrite original
    {   if (type)    // Make copy for both old and new instances
        {   htype = type->syntaxCopy();
            sv->htype = type->syntaxCopy();
        }
    }
    else            // Make copy of original for new instance
        sv->htype = htype->syntaxCopy();
    if (!hinit)
    {   if (init)
        {   hinit = init->syntaxCopy();
            sv->hinit = init->syntaxCopy();
        }
    }
    else
        sv->hinit = hinit->syntaxCopy();
#endif
    return sv;
}

void VarDeclaration::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
#if 0
    printf("VarDeclaration::semantic('%s', parent = '%s')\n", toChars(), sc->parent->toChars());
    printf(" type = %s\n", type ? type->toChars() : "null");
    printf(" stc = x%x\n", sc->stc);
    printf(" storage_class = x%x\n", storage_class);
    printf("linkage = %d\n", sc->linkage);
    //if (strcmp(toChars(), "mul") == 0) halt();
#endif

    storage_class |= sc->stc;
    if (storage_class & STCextern && init)
        error("extern symbols cannot have initializers");

    /* If auto type inference, do the inference
     */
    int inferred = 0;
    if (!type)
    {   inuse++;
        type = init->inferType(sc);
        inuse--;
        inferred = 1;

        /* This is a kludge to support the existing syntax for RAII
         * declarations.
         */
        storage_class &= ~STCauto;
        originalType = type;
    }
    else
    {   if (!originalType)
            originalType = type;
        type = type->semantic(loc, sc);
    }
    //printf(" semantic type = %s\n", type ? type->toChars() : "null");

    type->checkDeprecated(loc, sc);
    linkage = sc->linkage;
    this->parent = sc->parent;
    //printf("this = %p, parent = %p, '%s'\n", this, parent, parent->toChars());
    protection = sc->protection;
    //printf("sc->stc = %x\n", sc->stc);
    //printf("storage_class = x%x\n", storage_class);

#if DMDV2
    if (storage_class & STCgshared && global.params.safe && !sc->module->safe)
    {
        error("__gshared not allowed in safe mode; use shared");
    }
#endif

    Dsymbol *parent = toParent();
    FuncDeclaration *fd = parent->isFuncDeclaration();

    Type *tb = type->toBasetype();
    if (tb->ty == Tvoid && !(storage_class & STClazy))
    {   error("voids have no value");
        type = Type::terror;
        tb = type;
    }
    if (tb->ty == Tfunction)
    {   error("cannot be declared to be a function");
        type = Type::terror;
        tb = type;
    }
    if (tb->ty == Tstruct)
    {   TypeStruct *ts = (TypeStruct *)tb;

        if (!ts->sym->members)
        {
            error("no definition of struct %s", ts->toChars());
        }
    }

    if (tb->ty == Ttuple)
    {   /* Instead, declare variables for each of the tuple elements
         * and add those.
         */
        TypeTuple *tt = (TypeTuple *)tb;
        size_t nelems = Parameter::dim(tt->arguments);
        Objects *exps = new Objects();
        exps->setDim(nelems);
        Expression *ie = init ? init->toExpression() : NULL;

        for (size_t i = 0; i < nelems; i++)
        {   Parameter *arg = Parameter::getNth(tt->arguments, i);

            OutBuffer buf;
            buf.printf("_%s_field_%zu", ident->toChars(), i);
            buf.writeByte(0);
            const char *name = (const char *)buf.extractData();
            Identifier *id = Lexer::idPool(name);

            Expression *einit = ie;
            if (ie && ie->op == TOKtuple)
            {   einit = (Expression *)((TupleExp *)ie)->exps->data[i];
            }
            Initializer *ti = init;
            if (einit)
            {   ti = new ExpInitializer(einit->loc, einit);
            }

            VarDeclaration *v = new VarDeclaration(loc, arg->type, id, ti);
            //printf("declaring field %s of type %s\n", v->toChars(), v->type->toChars());
            v->semantic(sc);

            if (sc->scopesym)
            {   //printf("adding %s to %s\n", v->toChars(), sc->scopesym->toChars());
                if (sc->scopesym->members)
                    sc->scopesym->members->push(v);
            }

            Expression *e = new DsymbolExp(loc, v);
            exps->data[i] = e;
        }
        TupleDeclaration *v2 = new TupleDeclaration(loc, ident, exps);
        v2->isexp = 1;
        aliassym = v2;
        return;
    }

    if (storage_class & STCconst && !init && !fd)
        // Initialize by constructor only
        storage_class = (storage_class & ~STCconst) | STCctorinit;

    if (isConst())
    {
    }
    else if (isStatic())
    {
    }
    else if (isSynchronized())
    {
        error("variable %s cannot be synchronized", toChars());
    }
    else if (isOverride())
    {
        error("override cannot be applied to variable");
    }
    else if (isAbstract())
    {
        error("abstract cannot be applied to variable");
    }
    else if (storage_class & STCtemplateparameter)
    {
    }
    else if (storage_class & STCctfe)
    {
    }
    else
    {
        AggregateDeclaration *aad = sc->anonAgg;
        if (!aad)
            aad = parent->isAggregateDeclaration();
        if (aad)
        {
#if DMDV2
            assert(!(storage_class & (STCextern | STCstatic | STCtls | STCgshared)));

            if (storage_class & (STCconst | STCimmutable) && init)
            {
                if (!type->toBasetype()->isTypeBasic())
                    storage_class |= STCstatic;
            }
            else
#endif
                aad->addField(sc, this);
        }

        InterfaceDeclaration *id = parent->isInterfaceDeclaration();
        if (id)
        {
            error("field not allowed in interface");
        }

        /* Templates cannot add fields to aggregates
         */
        TemplateInstance *ti = parent->isTemplateInstance();
        if (ti)
        {
            // Take care of nested templates
            while (1)
            {
                TemplateInstance *ti2 = ti->tempdecl->parent->isTemplateInstance();
                if (!ti2)
                    break;
                ti = ti2;
            }

            // If it's a member template
            AggregateDeclaration *ad = ti->tempdecl->isMember();
            if (ad && storage_class != STCundefined)
            {
                error("cannot use template to add field to aggregate '%s'", ad->toChars());
            }
        }
    }

#if DMDV2
    if ((storage_class & (STCref | STCparameter | STCforeach)) == STCref &&
        ident != Id::This)
    {
        error("only parameters or foreach declarations can be ref");
    }
#endif

    if (type->isauto() && !noauto)
    {
        if (storage_class & (STCfield | STCout | STCref | STCstatic) || !fd)
        {
            error("globals, statics, fields, ref and out parameters cannot be auto");
        }

        if (!(storage_class & (STCauto | STCscope)))
        {
            if (!(storage_class & STCparameter) && ident != Id::withSym)
                error("reference to scope class must be scope");
        }
    }

    enum TOK op = TOKconstruct;
    if (!init && !sc->inunion && !isStatic() && !isConst() && fd &&
        !(storage_class & (STCfield | STCin | STCforeach)) &&
        type->size() != 0)
    {
        // Provide a default initializer
        //printf("Providing default initializer for '%s'\n", toChars());
        if (type->ty == Tstruct &&
            ((TypeStruct *)type)->sym->zeroInit == 1)
        {   /* If a struct is all zeros, as a special case
             * set it's initializer to the integer 0.
             * In AssignExp::toElem(), we check for this and issue
             * a memset() to initialize the struct.
             * Must do same check in interpreter.
             */
            Expression *e = new IntegerExp(loc, 0, Type::tint32);
            Expression *e1;
            e1 = new VarExp(loc, this);
            e = new AssignExp(loc, e1, e);
            e->op = TOKconstruct;
            e->type = e1->type;         // don't type check this, it would fail
            init = new ExpInitializer(loc, e);
            return;
        }
        else if (type->ty == Ttypedef)
        {   TypeTypedef *td = (TypeTypedef *)type;
            if (td->sym->init)
            {   init = td->sym->init;
                ExpInitializer *ie = init->isExpInitializer();
                if (ie)
                    // Make copy so we can modify it
                    init = new ExpInitializer(ie->loc, ie->exp);
            }
            else
                init = getExpInitializer();
        }
        else
        {
            init = getExpInitializer();
        }
        // Default initializer is always a blit
        op = TOKblit;
    }

    if (init)
    {
        sc = sc->push();
        sc->stc &= ~(STC_TYPECTOR | STCpure | STCnothrow | STCref);

        ArrayInitializer *ai = init->isArrayInitializer();
        if (ai && tb->ty == Taarray)
        {
            init = ai->toAssocArrayInitializer();
        }

        StructInitializer *si = init->isStructInitializer();
        ExpInitializer *ei = init->isExpInitializer();

        // See if initializer is a NewExp that can be allocated on the stack
        if (ei && isScope() && ei->exp->op == TOKnew)
        {   NewExp *ne = (NewExp *)ei->exp;
            if (!(ne->newargs && ne->newargs->dim))
            {   ne->onstack = 1;
                onstack = 1;
                if (type->isBaseOf(ne->newtype->semantic(loc, sc), NULL))
                    onstack = 2;
            }
        }

        // If inside function, there is no semantic3() call
        if (sc->func)
        {
            // If local variable, use AssignExp to handle all the various
            // possibilities.
            if (fd && !isStatic() && !isConst() && !init->isVoidInitializer())
            {
                //printf("fd = '%s', var = '%s'\n", fd->toChars(), toChars());
                if (!ei)
                {
                    Expression *e = init->toExpression();
                    if (!e)
                    {
                        init = init->semantic(sc, type);
                        e = init->toExpression();
                        if (!e)
                        {   error("is not a static and cannot have static initializer");
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                    ei = new ExpInitializer(init->loc, e);
                    init = ei;
                }

                Expression *e1 = new VarExp(loc, this);

                Type *t = type->toBasetype();
                if (t->ty == Tsarray && !(storage_class & (STCref | STCout)))
                {
                    ei->exp = ei->exp->semantic(sc);
                    if (!ei->exp->implicitConvTo(type))
                    {
                        int dim = ((TypeSArray *)t)->dim->toInteger();
                        // If multidimensional static array, treat as one large array
                        while (1)
                        {
                            t = t->nextOf()->toBasetype();
                            if (t->ty != Tsarray)
                                break;
                            dim *= ((TypeSArray *)t)->dim->toInteger();
                            e1->type = new TypeSArray(t->nextOf(), new IntegerExp(0, dim, Type::tindex));
                        }
                    }
                    e1 = new SliceExp(loc, e1, NULL, NULL);
                }
                else if (t->ty == Tstruct)
                {
                    ei->exp = ei->exp->semantic(sc);
                    ei->exp = resolveProperties(sc, ei->exp);
                    StructDeclaration *sd = ((TypeStruct *)t)->sym;
#if DMDV2
                    /* Look to see if initializer is a call to the constructor
                     */
                    if (sd->ctor &&             // there are constructors
                        ei->exp->type->ty == Tstruct && // rvalue is the same struct
                        ((TypeStruct *)ei->exp->type)->sym == sd &&
                        ei->exp->op == TOKstar)
                    {
                        /* Look for form of constructor call which is:
                         *    *__ctmp.ctor(arguments...)
                         */
                        PtrExp *pe = (PtrExp *)ei->exp;
                        if (pe->e1->op == TOKcall)
                        {   CallExp *ce = (CallExp *)pe->e1;
                            if (ce->e1->op == TOKdotvar)
                            {   DotVarExp *dve = (DotVarExp *)ce->e1;
                                if (dve->var->isCtorDeclaration())
                                {   /* It's a constructor call, currently constructing
                                     * a temporary __ctmp.
                                     */
                                    /* Before calling the constructor, initialize
                                     * variable with a bit copy of the default
                                     * initializer
                                     */
                                    Expression *e = new AssignExp(loc, new VarExp(loc, this), t->defaultInit(loc));
                                    e->op = TOKblit;
                                    e->type = t;
                                    ei->exp = new CommaExp(loc, e, ei->exp);

                                    /* Replace __ctmp being constructed with e1
                                     */
                                    dve->e1 = e1;
                                    return;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
#endif
                    if (!ei->exp->implicitConvTo(type))
                    {
                        /* Look for opCall
                         * See bugzilla 2702 for more discussion
                         */
                        Type *ti = ei->exp->type->toBasetype();
                        // Don't cast away invariant or mutability in initializer
                        if (search_function(sd, Id::call) &&
                            /* Initializing with the same type is done differently
                             */
                            !(ti->ty == Tstruct && t->toDsymbol(sc) == ti->toDsymbol(sc)))
                        {   // Rewrite as e1.call(arguments)
                            Expression * eCall = new DotIdExp(loc, e1, Id::call);
                            ei->exp = new CallExp(loc, eCall, ei->exp);
                        }
                    }
                }
                ei->exp = new AssignExp(loc, e1, ei->exp);
                ei->exp->op = TOKconstruct;
                canassign++;
                ei->exp = ei->exp->semantic(sc);
                canassign--;
                ei->exp->optimize(WANTvalue);
            }
            else
            {
                init = init->semantic(sc, type);
                if (fd && isConst() && !isStatic())
                {   // Make it static
                    storage_class |= STCstatic;
                }
            }
        }
        else if (isConst() || isFinal() ||
                 parent->isAggregateDeclaration())
        {
            /* Because we may need the results of a const declaration in a
             * subsequent type, such as an array dimension, before semantic2()
             * gets ordinarily run, try to run semantic2() now.
             * Ignore failure.
             */

            if (!global.errors && !inferred)
            {
                unsigned errors = global.errors;
                global.gag++;
                //printf("+gag\n");
                Expression *e;
                Initializer *i2 = init;
                inuse++;
                if (ei)
                {
                    e = ei->exp->syntaxCopy();
                    e = e->semantic(sc);
                    e = e->implicitCastTo(sc, type);
                }
                else if (si || ai)
                {   i2 = init->syntaxCopy();
                    i2 = i2->semantic(sc, type);
                }
                inuse--;
                global.gag--;
                //printf("-gag\n");
                if (errors != global.errors)    // if errors happened
                {
                    if (global.gag == 0)
                        global.errors = errors; // act as if nothing happened
#if DMDV2
                    /* Save scope for later use, to try again
                     */
                    scope = new Scope(*sc);
                    scope->setNoFree();
#endif
                }
                else if (ei)
                {
                    e = e->optimize(WANTvalue | WANTinterpret);
                    if (e->op == TOKint64 || e->op == TOKstring || e->op == TOKfloat64)
                    {
                        ei->exp = e;            // no errors, keep result
                    }
#if DMDV2
                    else
                    {
                        /* Save scope for later use, to try again
                         */
                        scope = new Scope(*sc);
                        scope->setNoFree();
                    }
#endif
                }
                else
                    init = i2;          // no errors, keep result
            }
        }
        sc = sc->pop();
    }
}

ExpInitializer *VarDeclaration::getExpInitializer()
{
    ExpInitializer *ei;

    if (init)
        ei = init->isExpInitializer();
    else
    {
        Expression *e = type->defaultInit(loc);
        if (e)
            ei = new ExpInitializer(loc, e);
        else
            ei = NULL;
    }
    return ei;
}

void VarDeclaration::semantic2(Scope *sc)
{
    //printf("VarDeclaration::semantic2('%s')\n", toChars());
    if (init && !toParent()->isFuncDeclaration())
    {   inuse++;
#if 0
        ExpInitializer *ei = init->isExpInitializer();
        if (ei)
        {
            ei->exp->dump(0);
            printf("type = %p\n", ei->exp->type);
        }
#endif
        init = init->semantic(sc, type);
        inuse--;
    }
}

const char *VarDeclaration::kind()
{
    return "variable";
}

Dsymbol *VarDeclaration::toAlias()
{
    //printf("VarDeclaration::toAlias('%s', this = %p, aliassym = %p)\n", toChars(), this, aliassym);
    assert(this != aliassym);
    Dsymbol *s = aliassym ? aliassym->toAlias() : this;
    return s;
}

void VarDeclaration::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    StorageClassDeclaration::stcToCBuffer(buf, storage_class);

    /* If changing, be sure and fix CompoundDeclarationStatement::toCBuffer()
     * too.
     */
    if (type)
        type->toCBuffer(buf, ident, hgs);
    else
        buf->writestring(ident->toChars());
    if (init)
    {   buf->writestring(" = ");
#if DMDV2
        ExpInitializer *ie = init->isExpInitializer();
        if (ie && (ie->exp->op == TOKconstruct || ie->exp->op == TOKblit))
            ((AssignExp *)ie->exp)->e2->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
        else
#endif
            init->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
    }
    buf->writeByte(';');
    buf->writenl();
}

int VarDeclaration::needThis()
{
    //printf("VarDeclaration::needThis(%s, x%x)\n", toChars(), storage_class);
    return storage_class & STCfield;
}

int VarDeclaration::isImportedSymbol()
{
    if (protection == PROTexport && !init && (isStatic() || isConst() || parent->isModule()))
        return TRUE;
    return FALSE;
}

void VarDeclaration::checkCtorConstInit()
{
    if (ctorinit == 0 && isCtorinit() && !(storage_class & STCfield))
        error("missing initializer in static constructor for const variable");
}

/************************************
 * Check to see if this variable is actually in an enclosing function
 * rather than the current one.
 */

void VarDeclaration::checkNestedReference(Scope *sc, Loc loc)
{
    //printf("VarDeclaration::checkNestedReference() %s\n", toChars());
    if (parent && !isDataseg() && parent != sc->parent)
    {
        // The function that this variable is in
        FuncDeclaration *fdv = toParent()->isFuncDeclaration();
        // The current function
        FuncDeclaration *fdthis = sc->parent->isFuncDeclaration();

        if (fdv && fdthis)
        {
            if (loc.filename)
                fdthis->getLevel(loc, fdv);
            nestedref = 1;
            fdv->nestedFrameRef = 1;
            //printf("var %s in function %s is nested ref\n", toChars(), fdv->toChars());
            // __dollar creates problems because it isn't a real variable Bugzilla 3326
            if (ident == Id::dollar)
                ::error(loc, "cannnot use $ inside a function literal");
        }
    }
}

/*******************************
 * Does symbol go into data segment?
 * Includes extern variables.
 */

int VarDeclaration::isDataseg()
{
#if 0
    printf("VarDeclaration::isDataseg(%p, '%s')\n", this, toChars());
    printf("%llx, %p, %p\n", storage_class & (STCstatic | STCconst), parent->isModule(), parent->isTemplateInstance());
    printf("parent = '%s'\n", parent->toChars());
#endif
    Dsymbol *parent = this->toParent();
    if (!parent && !(storage_class & (STCstatic | STCconst)))
    {   error("forward referenced");
        type = Type::terror;
        return 0;
    }
    return (storage_class & (STCstatic | STCconst) ||
           parent->isModule() ||
           parent->isTemplateInstance());
}

/************************************
 * Does symbol go into thread local storage?
 */

int VarDeclaration::isThreadlocal()
{
    return 0;
}

/********************************************
 * Can variable be read and written by CTFE?
 */

int VarDeclaration::isCTFE()
{
    //printf("VarDeclaration::isCTFE(%p, '%s')\n", this, toChars());
    //printf("%llx\n", storage_class);
    return (storage_class & STCctfe) != 0; // || !isDataseg();
}

int VarDeclaration::hasPointers()
{
    //printf("VarDeclaration::hasPointers() %s, ty = %d\n", toChars(), type->ty);
    return (!isDataseg() && type->hasPointers());
}

void VarDeclaration::fillPointerMap(PointerMap *pm, size_t a_offset)
{
    //printf("VarDeclaration::fillPointerMap() %s, ty = %d, offs=%d\n", toChars(), type->ty, (int)offset);
    if (!isDataseg())
        type->fillPointerMap(pm, offset + a_offset);
}

/******************************************
 * If a variable has an auto destructor call, return call for it.
 * Otherwise, return NULL.
 */

Expression *VarDeclaration::callAutoDtor(Scope *sc)
{   Expression *e = NULL;

    //printf("VarDeclaration::callAutoDtor() %s\n", toChars());
    if (storage_class & (STCauto | STCscope) && !noauto)
    {
        for (ClassDeclaration *cd = type->isClassHandle();
             cd;
             cd = cd->baseClass)
        {
            /* We can do better if there's a way with onstack
             * classes to determine if there's no way the monitor
             * could be set.
             */
            //if (cd->isInterfaceDeclaration())
                //error("interface %s cannot be scope", cd->toChars());
            if (1 || onstack || cd->dtors.dim)  // if any destructors
            {
                // delete this;
                Expression *ec;

                ec = new VarExp(loc, this);
                e = new DeleteExp(loc, ec);
                e->type = Type::tvoid;
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    return e;
}


/********************************* ClassInfoDeclaration ****************************/

ClassInfoDeclaration::ClassInfoDeclaration(ClassDeclaration *cd)
    : VarDeclaration(0, ClassDeclaration::classinfo->type, cd->ident, NULL)
{
    this->cd = cd;
    storage_class = STCstatic;
}

Dsymbol *ClassInfoDeclaration::syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s)
{
    assert(0);          // should never be produced by syntax
    return NULL;
}

void ClassInfoDeclaration::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
}

/********************************* ModuleInfoDeclaration ****************************/

ModuleInfoDeclaration::ModuleInfoDeclaration(Module *mod)
    : VarDeclaration(0, Module::moduleinfo->type, mod->ident, NULL)
{
    this->mod = mod;
    storage_class = STCstatic;
}

Dsymbol *ModuleInfoDeclaration::syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s)
{
    assert(0);          // should never be produced by syntax
    return NULL;
}

void ModuleInfoDeclaration::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
}

/********************************* TypeInfoDeclaration ****************************/

TypeInfoDeclaration::TypeInfoDeclaration(Type *tinfo, int internal)
    : VarDeclaration(0, Type::typeinfo->type, tinfo->getTypeInfoIdent(internal), NULL)
{
    this->tinfo = tinfo;
    storage_class = STCstatic;
    protection = PROTpublic;
    linkage = LINKc;
}

Dsymbol *TypeInfoDeclaration::syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s)
{
    assert(0);          // should never be produced by syntax
    return NULL;
}

void TypeInfoDeclaration::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
    assert(linkage == LINKc);
}

/***************************** TypeInfoConstDeclaration **********************/

#if DMDV2
TypeInfoConstDeclaration::TypeInfoConstDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}
#endif

/***************************** TypeInfoInvariantDeclaration **********************/

#if DMDV2
TypeInfoInvariantDeclaration::TypeInfoInvariantDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}
#endif

/***************************** TypeInfoSharedDeclaration **********************/

#if DMDV2
TypeInfoSharedDeclaration::TypeInfoSharedDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}
#endif

/***************************** TypeInfoStructDeclaration **********************/

TypeInfoStructDeclaration::TypeInfoStructDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}

/***************************** TypeInfoClassDeclaration ***********************/

TypeInfoClassDeclaration::TypeInfoClassDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}

/***************************** TypeInfoInterfaceDeclaration *******************/

TypeInfoInterfaceDeclaration::TypeInfoInterfaceDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}

/***************************** TypeInfoTypedefDeclaration *********************/

TypeInfoTypedefDeclaration::TypeInfoTypedefDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}

/***************************** TypeInfoPointerDeclaration *********************/

TypeInfoPointerDeclaration::TypeInfoPointerDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}

/***************************** TypeInfoArrayDeclaration ***********************/

TypeInfoArrayDeclaration::TypeInfoArrayDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}

/***************************** TypeInfoStaticArrayDeclaration *****************/

TypeInfoStaticArrayDeclaration::TypeInfoStaticArrayDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}

/***************************** TypeInfoAssociativeArrayDeclaration ************/

TypeInfoAssociativeArrayDeclaration::TypeInfoAssociativeArrayDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}

/***************************** TypeInfoEnumDeclaration ***********************/

TypeInfoEnumDeclaration::TypeInfoEnumDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}

/***************************** TypeInfoFunctionDeclaration ********************/

TypeInfoFunctionDeclaration::TypeInfoFunctionDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}

/***************************** TypeInfoDelegateDeclaration ********************/

TypeInfoDelegateDeclaration::TypeInfoDelegateDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}

/***************************** TypeInfoTupleDeclaration **********************/

TypeInfoTupleDeclaration::TypeInfoTupleDeclaration(Type *tinfo)
    : TypeInfoDeclaration(tinfo, 0)
{
}

/********************************* ThisDeclaration ****************************/

// For the "this" parameter to member functions

ThisDeclaration::ThisDeclaration(Loc loc, Type *t)
   : VarDeclaration(loc, t, Id::This, NULL)
{
    noauto = 1;
}

Dsymbol *ThisDeclaration::syntaxCopy(Dsymbol *s)
{
    assert(0);          // should never be produced by syntax
    return NULL;
}

