X-Git-Url: https://git.llucax.com/software/eventxx.git/blobdiff_plain/74586d2d5468117b218816eea646470c02a469f9..e3b857433641f21c26dcac5705bd6bf6cab90175:/eventxx?ds=inline diff --git a/eventxx b/eventxx index 93e2669..6bf3f9b 100644 --- a/eventxx +++ b/eventxx @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ #ifndef _EVENTXX_HPP_ #define _EVENTXX_HPP_ -#include // timeval (hack -> event.h don't include it) +#include // timeval #include // std::exception, std::invalid_argument, // std::runtime_error, std::bad_alloc @@ -9,42 +9,216 @@ * * @section Introduction * - * The libevent API provides a mechanism to execute a callback function when a - * specific event occurs on a file descriptor or after a timeout has been - * reached. Furthermore, libevent also support callbacks due to signals or - * regular timeouts. + * @libevent is a popular API that provides a mechanism to execute a callback + * function when a specific event occurs on a file descriptor or after a + * timeout has been reached. Furthermore, @libevent also support callbacks due + * to signals or regular timeouts. * - * libevent is meant to replace the event loop found in event driven network - * servers. An application just needs to call dispatcher::dispatch() and then - * add or remove events dynamically without having to change the event loop. + * @eventxx is a simple, direct, one-header inline C++ wrapper for @libevent. + * Yes, it's just one header file, so if you want to use it you can just copy + * the file to your project and you are set (well, you'll need to link to + * @libevent too ;). I know @eventxx will work with @libevent 1.1 and 1.2 if you + * use the @c event_base_free() fix (see \ref Status section for more details). * - * Currently, libevent supports /dev/poll, kqueue(2), select(2), poll(2) and - * epoll(4). It also has experimental support for real-time signals. The - * internal event mechanism is completely independent of the exposed event API, - * and a simple update of libevent can provide new functionality without having - * to redesign the applications. As a result, Libevent allows for portable - * application development and provides the most scalable event notification - * mechanism available on an operating system. Libevent should compile on Linux, - * *BSD, Mac OS X, Solaris and Windows. + * It's designed to be as close to use to @libevent (without compromising + * modern C++ programming techniques) and efficient (since all implementation + * is trivial and inline, theoretically, it imposes no overhead at all) as + * possible. * - * This is a simple, direct, one-header inline C++ wrapper for libevent. - * It's designed to be as close to use to libevent without compromising modern - * C++ programming techniques and efficiency (since all implementation is - * trivial and inline, theoretically, it imposes no overhead at all). + * Please, visit the @eventxx website for the latest version of this + * documentation. + * + * You can always get the current + * release from the + * release + * directory or grab the + * most up to date + * sources from the darcs repository. + * + * You can also take a look the the darcsweb interface to see + * the latest + * changes online or subscribe to its + * RSS + * feed to follow the development. * * * @section Usage * - * The best way to explain how this works is by examples. TODO + * You probably should read @libevent documentation to get started or at least + * just for reference, although @eventxx is pretty simple so you can jump right + * into the \ref Example section (or the example list) and write a working + * program without much trouble. + * + * This wrapper was designed to be used just like @libevent, but with C++ style + * syntax sugar (or poison, depends on your point of view ;) and goodies. The + * main difference to libevent is you always have to instance a + * eventxx::dispatcher to get an event loop. There is no implicit global event + * loop. This adds just an extra line of code for single threaded applications + * and makes things much more simpler, so I hope nobody complains about it ;). + * See eventxx::dispatcher documentation for more details. + * + * You can use use the same plain functions callbacks @libevent use or the other + * kind of function objects (see @ref events section for details on event + * types). + * + * @eventxx uses @ref exceptions to report errors. All functions have exception + * specifications, so it's easy to find out what to expect. See @ref exceptions + * section for more detail. + * + * A @c timespec abstraction is provided as eventxx::time for convenient + * argument passing. Even more, it's a @c timespec itself, with some convenient + * methods for accessing the attributes with pritier names. And even more, + * @eventxx is such a direct mapping that all eventxx::event's are @libevent + * event structs too, so theoretically you can pass a eventxx::event to + * @libevent C functions without much trouble. eventxx::dispatcher is the only + * class that is not derived from @libevent struct (@c event_base) because this + * struct it's not defined on the libevent header (just declared). + * + * Maybe you shouldn't know this implementation details to keep the abstraction, + * but this is a basic design goal of this wrapper so there is not much chance + * that this changes in the future (but use this knowledge with care, you have + * been warned ;). + * + * + * @section Example + * + * @code + * #include + * #include + * #include + * + * struct handler + * { + * eventxx::dispatcher& d; + * int i; + * handler(eventxx::dispatcher& d): d(d), i(0) {} + * void operator() (int signum, eventxx::type event) + * { + * if (i < 5) std::cout << "keep going...\n"; + * else + * { + * std::cout << "done!\n"; + * d.exit(); + * } + * } + * }; + * + * void sighandler(int signum, short event, void* data) + * { + * int& i = *static_cast< int* >(data); + * std::cout << ++i << " interrupts, "; + * } + * + * int main() + * { + * eventxx::dispatcher d; + * handler h(d); + * eventxx::csignal sigev(SIGINT, sighandler, &h.i); + * eventxx::signal< handler > e(SIGINT, h); + * d.add(sigev); + * d.add(e); + * d.dispatch(); + * return 0; + * } + * @endcode + * + * You can see more examples on the test directory of the distribution or on the + * examples related page. + * + * + * @section Status + * + * This library has not been widely used yet, but it's used in some serious + * projects, so I think it's moderately stable now. The library has no support + * for buffered events yet, but patches are welcome. It doesn't support the + * HTTP stuff, and probably never will because that has nothing to do with + * event handling. + * + * @libevent had a memory leak before version 1.3b (before 1.2 it didn't even + * had a way free that memory, from version 1.2 to 1.3a, if you tried to free the + * memory the program abort() because a failed assertion). Because of that, + * there is a way to disable the @link eventxx::dispatcher::~dispatcher() + * destructor @endlink (which calls the inexistent/broken @c event_base_free() + * function). So if you use a @libevent version previous to 1.3b, you have to + * compile your programs defining the EVENTXX_NO_EVENT_BASE_FREE macro. + * + * If something is broken it would be really easy to fix because @eventxx is + * just a simple wrapper around @libevent. So, please try it out, and if you + * have any problems, drop me an + * e-mail and and I'll fix it ASAP (or provide a patch and you will be my + * best friend ;). + * + * If you use this library, please drop me an e-mail with your thoughts, or + * simply saying "I use it", so I can keep track of how many people really use + * it. + * + * @author Leandro Lucarella + * + * @version 0.6 * - * @author Leandro Lucarella - * @version 0.1 * @par License - * This program is under the BOLA license (see - * http://auriga.wearlab.de/~alb/bola/) + * This program is under the BOLA license (see + * http://auriga.wearlab.de/~alb/bola/ for more details or read the + * LICENSE + * file itself, it's very short and it basically says it's Public Domain). + * + */ + +/** @example c-way.cpp * + * This is a simple example illustrating the usage with C-like callback + * functions. */ +/** @example functor-way.cpp + * + * This is a simple example illustrating the usage with function object + * callbacks. + */ + +/** @example wrapped-functor-way.cpp + * + * This is a simple example illustrating the usage with an arbitrary member + * function as an event handler callbacks. + */ + +/** @example mixed-way.cpp + * + * This is a simple example illustrating the usage with a mix of C-like callbacks + * and function object callbacks. + */ + +/** @example bench.cpp + * + * This is a benchmark example, extracted from libevent and ported to eventxx. + */ + +/** @example prio-test.cpp + * + * This is a priority usage example. + */ + +/** @example test-time.cpp + * + * This is a timer usage example ported from libevent. + */ + +/** @example test-eof.cpp + * + * This is some kind of test of EOF ported from libevent. + */ + +/** @example test-weof.cpp + * + * Another test of EOF ported from libevent. + */ + +/** @example trivial.cpp + * + * This is the most trivial example. + */ /** * Namespace for all symbols libevent C++ wrapper defines. @@ -60,7 +234,14 @@ namespace internal } -/// @defgroup exceptions Exceptions +/** @defgroup exceptions Exceptions + * + * eventxx makes a heavy use of exceptions. Each function has it's exceptions + * specified, so it's very easy to find out what exceptions to expect. + * + * Exceptions are mostly thrown when there is a programming error. So if you get + * an exception check your code. + */ //@{ @@ -101,7 +282,7 @@ struct invalid_event: public std::invalid_argument, public exception * Invalid priority exception. * * This exception is thrown when passing an invalid priority to a function. This - * usually means you don't have enought priority queues in your dispatcher, so + * usually means you don't have enough priority queues in your dispatcher, so * you should have allocated more in the constructor. * * If you hit this exception, you probably got a programming error. @@ -127,7 +308,7 @@ struct invalid_priority: public std::invalid_argument, public exception //@} -/// Miscelaneous constants +/// Miscellaneous constants enum { DEFAULT_PRIORITY = -1, ///< Default priority (the middle value). @@ -136,10 +317,6 @@ enum }; -/// C function used as callback in the C API. -typedef void (*ccallback_type)(int, short, void*); - - /** * Time used for timeout values. * @@ -188,9 +365,33 @@ struct time: ::timeval }; // struct time -/// @defgroup events Events +/** @defgroup events Events + * + * There are many ways to specify how to handle an event. You can use use the + * same plain functions callbacks (see eventxx::cevent, eventxx::ctimer and + * eventxx::csignal) like in C or the other kind of more advanced, stateful + * function objects (see eventxx::event, eventxx::timer and eventxx::signal + * templates). The former are just typedef'ed specialization of the later. + * + * A member function wrapper functor (eventxx::mem_cb) is also included, + * so you can use any member function (method) as an event handler. + * + * Please note that C-like function callback take a short as the type of event, + * while functors (or member functions) use eventxx::type. + * + * All events derive from a plain class (not template) eventxx::basic_event, one + * of the main utilities of it (besides containing common code ;) is to be used + * in STL containers. + * + * Please see each class documentation for details and examples. + */ //@{ + +/// C function used as callback in the C API. +typedef void (*ccallback_type)(int, short, void*); + + /** * Type of events. * @@ -211,6 +412,14 @@ enum type PERSIST = EV_PERSIST ///< Not really an event, is an event modifier. }; +inline +type operator| (const type& t1, const type& t2) +{ + int r = static_cast< int >(t1) | static_cast< int >(t2); + return *reinterpret_cast< type* >(&r); +} + + /** * Basic event from which all events derive. * @@ -291,14 +500,14 @@ struct basic_event: internal::event /** * Generic event object. * - * This object stores all the information about an event, incluiding a callback + * This object stores all the information about an event, including a callback * functor, which is called when the event is fired. The template parameter * must be a functor (callable object or function) that can take 2 parameters: * an integer (the file descriptor of the fired event) and an event::type (the * type of event being fired). * There is a specialized version of this class which takes as the template - * parameter a C function with the ccallback_type signature, just like C - * libevent API does. + * parameter a C function with the eventxx::ccallback_type signature, just like + * C @libevent API does. * * @see eventxx::event< ccallback_type > */ @@ -313,9 +522,9 @@ struct event: basic_event * @param ev Type of events to monitor (see eventxx::type). * @param handler Callback functor. */ - event(int fd, short ev, F& handler) throw() + event(int fd, type ev, F& handler) throw() { - event_set(this, fd, ev, &wrapper, + event_set(this, fd, static_cast< short >(ev), &wrapper, reinterpret_cast< void* >(&handler)); } @@ -349,9 +558,9 @@ struct event< ccallback_type >: basic_event * @param handler C-style callback function. * @param arg Arbitrary pointer to pass to the handler as argument. */ - event(int fd, short ev, ccallback_type handler, void* arg) throw() + event(int fd, type ev, ccallback_type handler, void* arg = 0) throw() { - event_set(this, fd, ev, handler, arg); + event_set(this, fd, static_cast< short >(ev), handler, arg); } protected: @@ -406,7 +615,7 @@ struct timer< ccallback_type >: event< ccallback_type > * @param handler C-style callback function. * @param arg Arbitrary pointer to pass to the handler as argument. */ - timer(ccallback_type handler, void* arg) throw() + timer(ccallback_type handler, void* arg = 0) throw() { evtimer_set(this, handler, arg); } @@ -431,7 +640,7 @@ struct signal: event< F > { /** - * Creates a new singal event. + * Creates a new signal event. * * @param signum Signal number to monitor. * @param handler Callback functor. @@ -472,7 +681,7 @@ struct signal< ccallback_type >: event< ccallback_type > * @param handler C-style callback function. * @param arg Arbitrary pointer to pass to the handler as argument. */ - signal(int signum, ccallback_type handler, void* arg) throw() + signal(int signum, ccallback_type handler, void* arg = 0) throw() { signal_set(this, signum, handler, arg); } @@ -499,6 +708,41 @@ typedef eventxx::timer< ccallback_type > ctimer; /// Shortcut to C-style signal handler. typedef eventxx::signal< ccallback_type > csignal; +/** + * Helper functor to use an arbitrary member function as an event handler. + * + * With this wrapper, you can use any object method, which accepts the right + * parameters (int, short) and returns void, as an event handler. This way you + * don't have to overload the operator() which can be confusing depending on the + * context. + * + * You can see an usage example in the Examples Section. + */ +template < typename O, typename M > +struct mem_cb +{ + + /** + * Member function callback constructor. + * + * It expects to receive a class as the first parameter (O), and a + * member function (of that class O) as the second parameter. + * + * When this instance is called with fd and ev as function arguments, + * object.method(fd, ev) will be called. + * + * @param object Object to be used. + * @param method Method to be called. + */ + mem_cb(O& object, M method) throw(): + _object(object), _method(method) {} + + void operator() (int fd, type ev) { (_object.*_method)(fd, ev); } + protected: + O& _object; + M _method; + +}; // struct mem_cb //@} @@ -506,7 +750,15 @@ typedef eventxx::signal< ccallback_type > csignal; /** * Event dispatcher. * - * This class is the responsable for looping and dispatching events. + * This class is the responsible for looping and dispatching events. Every time + * you need an event loop you should create an instance of this class. + * + * You can @link dispatcher::add add @endlink events to the dispatcher, and you + * can @link dispatcher::del remove @endlink them later or you can @link + * dispatcher::add_once add events to be processed just once @endlink. You can + * @link dispatcher::dispatch loop once or forever @endlink (well, of course you + * can break that forever removing all the events or by @link dispatcher::exit + * exiting the loop @endlink). */ struct dispatcher { @@ -519,7 +771,8 @@ struct dispatcher */ dispatcher() throw() { - _event_base = static_cast< internal::event_base* >(internal::event_init()); + _event_base = static_cast< internal::event_base* >( + internal::event_init()); } /** @@ -529,13 +782,15 @@ struct dispatcher */ dispatcher(int npriorities) throw(std::bad_alloc) { - _event_base = static_cast< internal::event_base* >(internal::event_init()); + _event_base = static_cast< internal::event_base* >( + internal::event_init()); if (!_event_base) throw std::bad_alloc(); // Can't fail because there is no way that it has active events internal::event_base_priority_init(_event_base, npriorities); } -#ifdef EVENT_BASE_FREE_FIX +#ifndef EVENTXX_NO_EVENT_BASE_FREE + /// Free dispatcher resources, see @ref Status section for details. ~dispatcher() throw() { event_base_free(_event_base); } #endif @@ -573,7 +828,8 @@ struct dispatcher if (priority != DEFAULT_PRIORITY && internal::event_priority_set(&e, priority)) throw invalid_priority(); - internal::event_add(&e, const_cast< time* >(&to)); // XXX HACK libevent don't use const + // XXX HACK libevent don't use const + internal::event_add(&e, const_cast< time* >(&to)); } /** @@ -589,8 +845,9 @@ struct dispatcher template < typename F > void add_once(int fd, type ev, F& handler) { - internal::event_once(fd, ev, &dispatcher::wrapper< F >, - reinterpret_cast< void* >(&handler), 0); + internal::event_once(fd, static_cast< short>(ev), + &dispatcher::wrapper< F >, + reinterpret_cast< void* >(&handler), 0); } /** @@ -606,7 +863,8 @@ struct dispatcher */ void add_once(int fd, type ev, ccallback_type handler, void* arg) { - internal::event_once(fd, ev, handler, arg, 0); + internal::event_once(fd, static_cast< short >(ev), handler, + arg, 0); } /** @@ -623,9 +881,11 @@ struct dispatcher template < typename F > void add_once(int fd, type ev, F& handler, const time& to) { - internal::event_once(fd, ev, &dispatcher::wrapper< F >, - reinterpret_cast< void* >(&handler), - const_cast< time* >(&to)); // XXX HACK libevent don't use const + internal::event_once(fd, static_cast< short >(ev), + &dispatcher::wrapper< F >, + reinterpret_cast< void* >(&handler), + // XXX HACK libevent don't use const + const_cast< time* >(&to)); } /** @@ -640,9 +900,12 @@ struct dispatcher * @param arg Arbitrary pointer to pass to the handler as argument. * @param to Timeout. */ - void add_once(int fd, type ev, ccallback_type handler, void* arg, const time& to) + void add_once(int fd, type ev, ccallback_type handler, void* arg, + const time& to) { - internal::event_once(fd, ev, handler, arg, const_cast< time* >(&to)); // XXX HACK libevent don't use const + internal::event_once(fd, static_cast< short >(ev), handler, arg, + // XXX HACK libevent don't use const + const_cast< time* >(&to)); } /** @@ -659,7 +922,8 @@ struct dispatcher { internal::event_once(-1, EV_TIMEOUT, &dispatcher::wrapper< F >, reinterpret_cast< void* >(&handler), - const_cast< time* >(&to)); // XXX HACK libevent don't use const + // XXX HACK libevent don't use const + const_cast< time* >(&to)); } /** @@ -674,7 +938,9 @@ struct dispatcher */ void add_once_timer(ccallback_type handler, void* arg, const time& to) { - internal::event_once(-1, EV_TIMEOUT, handler, arg, const_cast< time* >(&to)); // XXX HACK libevent don't use const + // XXX HACK libevent don't use const + internal::event_once(-1, EV_TIMEOUT, handler, arg, + const_cast< time* >(&to)); } /** @@ -704,8 +970,13 @@ struct dispatcher * @param flags If eventxx::ONCE is specified, then just one event is * processed, if eventxx::NONBLOCK is specified, then this * function returns even if there are no pending events. + * + * @return 0 if eventxx::NONBLOCK or eventxx::ONCE is set, 1 if there + * are no more events registered and EINTR if you use the + * @libevent's @c event_gotsig and return -1 in your + * @c event_sigcb callback. */ - int dispatch(int flags = 0) // TODO throw(exception) + int dispatch(int flags = 0) throw() { return internal::event_base_loop(_event_base, flags); } @@ -715,8 +986,11 @@ struct dispatcher * * @param to If a timeout is given, the loop exits after the specified * time is elapsed. + * + * @return Not very well specified by @libevent :-/ that's why it + * doesn't throw an exception either. */ - int exit(const time& to = time()) + int exit(const time& to = time()) throw() // TODO throw(exception) { // XXX HACK libevent don't use const return internal::event_base_loopexit(_event_base, @@ -726,7 +1000,7 @@ struct dispatcher protected: internal::event_base* _event_base; template < typename F > - static void wrapper(int fd, type ev, void* h) + static void wrapper(int fd, short ev, void* h) { F& handler = *reinterpret_cast< F* >(h); handler(fd, *reinterpret_cast< type* >(&ev)); @@ -734,8 +1008,7 @@ struct dispatcher }; // struct dispatcher - -} // namespace event +} // namespace eventxx #endif // _EVENTXX_HPP_