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-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Chapter 3. Configuration</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.71.1" /><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="The Mutt E-Mail Client" /><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="The Mutt E-Mail Client" /><link rel="prev" href="gettingstarted.html" title="Chapter 2. Getting Started" /><link rel="next" href="advancedusage.html" title="Chapter 4. Advanced Usage" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 3. Configuration</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="gettingstarted.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="advancedusage.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="configuration"></a>Chapter 3. Configuration</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#muttrc-syntax">1. Syntax of Initialization Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#addrgroup">2. Address groups</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#alias">3. Defining/Using aliases</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#bind">4. Changing the default key bindings</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#charset-hook">5. Defining aliases for character sets </a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#folder-hook">6. Setting variables based upon mailbox</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#macro">7. Keyboard macros</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#color">8. Using color and mono video attributes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#ignore">9. Ignoring (weeding) unwanted message headers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#alternates">10. Alternative addresses</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#lists">11. Mailing lists</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#mbox-hook">12. Using Multiple spool mailboxes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#mailboxes">13. Monitoring incoming mail</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#my-hdr">14. User defined headers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#hdr-order">15. Defining the order of headers when viewing messages</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#save-hook">16. Specify default save mailbox</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#fcc-hook">17. Specify default Fcc: mailbox when composing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#fcc-save-hook">18. Specify default save filename and default Fcc: mailbox at once</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#send-hook">19. Change settings based upon message recipients</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#message-hook">20. Change settings before formatting a message</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#crypt-hook">21. Choosing the cryptographic key of the recipient</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#push">22. Adding key sequences to the keyboard buffer</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#exec">23. Executing functions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#score-command">24. Message Scoring</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#spam">25. Spam detection</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#set">26. Setting and Querying Variables</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#set-commands">26.1. Commands</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#set-myvar">26.2. User-defined variables</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#source">27. Reading initialization commands from another file</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#unhook">28. Removing hooks</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#formatstrings">29. Format Strings</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#id470510">29.1. Basic usage</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#id470640">29.2. Filters</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
-While the default configuration (or ``preferences'') make Mutt
-usable right out of the box, it is often desirable to tailor Mutt to
-suit your own tastes. When Mutt is first invoked, it will attempt to
-read the ``system'' configuration file (defaults set by your local
-system administrator), unless the ``-n'' <a href="reference.html#commandline" title="1. Command line options">command line</a> option is specified. This file is typically
-<code class="literal">/usr/local/share/mutt/Muttrc</code> or <code class="literal">/etc/Muttrc</code>. Mutt
-will next look for a file named <code class="literal">.muttrc</code> in your home
-directory. If this file does not exist and your home directory has
-a subdirectory named <code class="literal">.mutt</code>, mutt try to load a file named
-<code class="literal">.mutt/muttrc</code>.
-</p><p>
-<code class="literal">.muttrc</code> is the file where you will usually place your <a href="reference.html#commands" title="2. Configuration Commands">commands</a> to configure Mutt.
-</p><p>
-In addition, mutt supports version specific configuration files that are
-parsed instead of the default files as explained above. For instance, if
-your system has a <code class="literal">Muttrc-0.88</code> file in the system configuration
-directory, and you are running version 0.88 of mutt, this file will be
-sourced instead of the <code class="literal">Muttrc</code> file. The same is true of the user
-configuration file, if you have a file <code class="literal">.muttrc-0.88.6</code> in your home
-directory, when you run mutt version 0.88.6, it will source this file
-instead of the default <code class="literal">.muttrc</code> file. The version number is the
-same which is visible using the ``-v'' <a href="reference.html#commandline" title="1. Command line options">command line</a> switch or using the <code class="literal">show-version</code> key (default:
-V) from the index menu.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="muttrc-syntax"></a>1. Syntax of Initialization Files</h2></div></div></div><p>
-An initialization file consists of a series of <a href="reference.html#commands" title="2. Configuration Commands">commands</a>. Each line of the file may contain one or more commands.
-When multiple commands are used, they must be separated by a semicolon (;).
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Chapter 3. Configuration</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Mutt E-Mail Client" /><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="The Mutt E-Mail Client" /><link rel="prev" href="gettingstarted.html" title="Chapter 2. Getting Started" /><link rel="next" href="advancedusage.html" title="Chapter 4. Advanced Usage" /><style xmlns="" type="text/css">
+ body { margin-left:2%; margin-right:2%; font-family:serif; }
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+ font-family:sans-serif;
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+ vertical-align:top;
+}
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+pre.screen, div.note { background:#f0f0f0; border:1px solid #c0c0c0; padding:5px; margin-left:2%; margin-right:2%; }
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+div.note h3 { font-size:small; font-style:italic; font-variant: small-caps; }
+div.note h3:after { content: ":" }
+div.note { margin-bottom: 5px; }
+.command { font-family: monospace; font-weight: normal; }
+.command strong { font-weight: normal; }
+tr { vertical-align: top; }
+.comment { color:#707070; }
-</p><pre class="screen">
+ </style></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 3. Configuration</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="gettingstarted.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="advancedusage.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 3. Configuration"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="configuration"></a>Chapter 3. Configuration</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#configuration-files">1. Location of Initialization Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#muttrc-syntax">2. Syntax of Initialization Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#addrgroup">3. Address Groups</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#alias">4. Defining/Using Aliases</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#bind">5. Changing the Default Key Bindings</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#charset-hook">6. Defining Aliases for Character Sets</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#folder-hook">7. Setting Variables Based Upon Mailbox</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#macro">8. Keyboard Macros</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#color">9. Using Color and Mono Video Attributes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#msg-hdr-display">10. Message Header Display</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#hdr-folding">10.1. Header Display</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#ignore">10.2. Selecting Headers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#hdr-order">10.3. Ordering Displayed Headers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#alternates">11. Alternative Addresses</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#lists">12. Mailing Lists</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#mbox-hook">13. Using Multiple Spool Mailboxes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#mailboxes">14. Monitoring Incoming Mail</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#my-hdr">15. User-Defined Headers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#save-hook">16. Specify Default Save Mailbox</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#fcc-hook">17. Specify Default Fcc: Mailbox When Composing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#fcc-save-hook">18. Specify Default Save Filename and Default Fcc: Mailbox at Once</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#send-hook">19. Change Settings Based Upon Message Recipients</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#message-hook">20. Change Settings Before Formatting a Message</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#crypt-hook">21. Choosing the Cryptographic Key of the Recipient</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#push">22. Adding Key Sequences to the Keyboard Buffer</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#exec">23. Executing Functions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#score-command">24. Message Scoring</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#spam">25. Spam Detection</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#set">26. Setting and Querying Variables</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#var-types">26.1. Variable Types</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#set-commands">26.2. Commands</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#set-myvar">26.3. User-Defined Variables</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#set-conversions">26.4. Type Conversions</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#source">27. Reading Initialization Commands From Another File</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#unhook">28. Removing Hooks</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="configuration.html#formatstrings">29. Format Strings</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#formatstrings-basics">29.1. Basic usage</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#formatstrings-conditionals">29.2. Conditionals</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#formatstrings-filters">29.3. Filters</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="configuration.html#formatstrings-padding">29.4. Padding</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" title="1. Location of Initialization Files"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="configuration-files"></a>1. Location of Initialization Files</h2></div></div></div><p>
+While the default configuration (or <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">preferences</span>”</span>) make
+Mutt usable right out of the box, it is often desirable to tailor Mutt
+to suit your own tastes. When Mutt is first invoked, it will attempt to
+read the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">system</span>”</span> configuration file (defaults set by your
+local system administrator), unless the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">-n</span>”</span> <a class="link" href="reference.html#commandline" title="1. Command-Line Options">command line</a> option is specified. This
+file is typically <code class="literal">/usr/local/share/mutt/Muttrc</code> or
+<code class="literal">/etc/Muttrc</code>. Mutt will next look for a file named
+<code class="literal">.muttrc</code> in your home directory. If this file does
+not exist and your home directory has a subdirectory named
+<code class="literal">.mutt</code>, Mutt tries to load a file named
+<code class="literal">.mutt/muttrc</code>.
+</p><p>
+<code class="literal">.muttrc</code> is the file where you will usually place your
+<a class="link" href="reference.html#commands" title="2. Configuration Commands">commands</a> to configure Mutt.
+</p><p>
+In addition, Mutt supports version specific configuration files that are
+parsed instead of the default files as explained above. For instance,
+if your system has a <code class="literal">Muttrc-0.88</code> file in the system
+configuration directory, and you are running version 0.88 of Mutt, this
+file will be sourced instead of the <code class="literal">Muttrc</code> file. The
+same is true of the user configuration file, if you have a file
+<code class="literal">.muttrc-0.88.6</code> in your home directory, when you run
+Mutt version 0.88.6, it will source this file instead of the default
+<code class="literal">.muttrc</code> file. The version number is the same which
+is visible using the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">-v</span>”</span> <a class="link" href="reference.html#commandline" title="1. Command-Line Options">command line</a> switch or using the
+<code class="literal">show-version</code> key (default: V) from the index menu.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="2. Syntax of Initialization Files"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="muttrc-syntax"></a>2. Syntax of Initialization Files</h2></div></div></div><p>
+An initialization file consists of a series of <a class="link" href="reference.html#commands" title="2. Configuration Commands">commands</a>. Each line of the file may contain
+one or more commands. When multiple commands are used, they must be
+separated by a semicolon (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">;</span>”</span>).
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-rc-multiple-cmds"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.1. Multiple configuration commands per line</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
set realname='Mutt user' ; ignore x-
-</pre><p>
-
-The hash mark, or pound sign
-(``#''), is used as a ``comment'' character. You can use it to
-annotate your initialization file. All text after the comment character
-to the end of the line is ignored. For example,
-</p><p>
-
-</p><pre class="screen">
-my_hdr X-Disclaimer: Why are you listening to me? # This is a comment
-</pre><p>
-
-</p><p>
-Single quotes (') and double quotes (") can be used to quote strings
-which contain spaces or other special characters. The difference between
-the two types of quotes is similar to that of many popular shell programs,
-namely that a single quote is used to specify a literal string (one that is
-not interpreted for shell variables or quoting with a backslash [see
-next paragraph]), while double quotes indicate a string for which
-should be evaluated. For example, backtics are evaluated inside of double
-quotes, but <span class="bold"><strong>not</strong></span> for single quotes.
-</p><p>
-\ quotes the next character, just as in shells such as bash and zsh.
-For example, if want to put quotes ``"'' inside of a string, you can use
-``\'' to force the next character to be a literal instead of interpreted
-character.
-
-</p><pre class="screen">
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+The hash mark, or pound sign (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">#</span>”</span>), is used as a
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">comment</span>”</span> character. You can use it to annotate your
+initialization file. All text after the comment character to the end of
+the line is ignored.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-ec-comment"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.2. Commenting configuration files</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
+my_hdr X-Disclaimer: Why are you listening to me? <span class="comment"># This is a comment</span>
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+Single quotes (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">'</span>”</span>) and double quotes (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">"</span>”</span>)
+can be used to quote strings which contain spaces or other special
+characters. The difference between the two types of quotes is similar
+to that of many popular shell programs, namely that a single quote is
+used to specify a literal string (one that is not interpreted for shell
+variables or quoting with a backslash [see next paragraph]), while
+double quotes indicate a string for which should be evaluated. For
+example, backticks are evaluated inside of double quotes, but
+<span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> for single quotes.
+</p><p>
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\</span>”</span> quotes the next character, just as in shells such as
+bash and zsh. For example, if want to put quotes <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">"</span>”</span>
+inside of a string, you can use <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\</span>”</span> to force the next
+character to be a literal instead of interpreted character.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-rc-quote"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.3. Escaping quotes in configuration files</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
set realname="Michael \"MuttDude\" Elkins"
-</pre><p>
-
-</p><p>
-``\\'' means to insert a literal ``\'' into the line.
-``\n'' and ``\r'' have their usual C meanings of linefeed and
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\\</span>”</span> means to insert a literal <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\</span>”</span> into the line.
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\n</span>”</span> and <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\r</span>”</span> have their usual C meanings of linefeed and
carriage-return, respectively.
</p><p>
-A \ at the end of a line can be used to split commands over
-multiple lines, provided that the split points don't appear in the
-middle of command names.
-</p><p>
+A <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\</span>”</span> at the end of a line can be used to split commands
+over multiple lines as it <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">escapes</span>”</span> the line end, provided
+that the split points don't appear in the middle of command names. Lines
+are first concatenated before interpretation so that a multi-line can be
+commented by commenting out the first line only.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-rc-split"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.4. Splitting long configuration commands over several lines</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
+set status_format="some very \
+long value split \
+over several lines"
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
It is also possible to substitute the output of a Unix command in an
initialization file. This is accomplished by enclosing the command in
-backquotes (``). For example,
-
-</p><pre class="screen">
+backticks (``). In <a class="xref" href="configuration.html#ex-rc-backtick" title="Example 3.5. Using external command's output in configuration files">Example 3.5, “Using external command's output in configuration files”</a>, the output of the
+Unix command <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">uname -a</span>”</span> will be substituted before the line
+is parsed. Since initialization files are line oriented, only the first
+line of output from the Unix command will be substituted.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-rc-backtick"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.5. Using external command's output in configuration files</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
my_hdr X-Operating-System: `uname -a`
-</pre><p>
-
-The output of the Unix command ``uname -a'' will be substituted before the
-line is parsed. Note that since initialization files are line oriented, only
-the first line of output from the Unix command will be substituted.
-</p><p>
-Both environment variables and mutt variables can be accessed by
-prepending ``$'' to the name of the variable. For example,
-</p><pre class="screen">
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+Both environment variables and Mutt variables can be accessed by
+prepending <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">$</span>”</span> to the name of the variable. For example,
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-rc-env"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.6. Using environment variables in configuration files</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
set record=+sent_on_$HOSTNAME
-</pre><p>
-will cause mutt to save outgoing messages to a folder named
-``sent_on_kremvax'' if the environment variable HOSTNAME is set to
-``kremvax.'' (See <a href="reference.html#record" title="3.239. record">$record</a> for
-details.)
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+will cause Mutt to save outgoing messages to a folder named
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">sent_on_kremvax</span>”</span> if the environment variable
+<code class="literal">$HOSTNAME</code> is set to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">kremvax.</span>”</span> (See
+<a class="link" href="reference.html#record" title="3.212. record">$record</a> for details.)
</p><p>
Mutt expands the variable when it is assigned, not when it is used. If
-the value of a variable on the right-hand side of an assignment
-changes after the assignment, the variable on the left-hand side will
-not be affected.
-</p><p>
-The commands understood by mutt are explained in the next paragraphs.
-For a complete list, see the <a href="reference.html#commands" title="2. Configuration Commands">command reference</a>.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="addrgroup"></a>2. Address groups</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">group</code> [ <code class="literal">-group</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>name</em></span> [ ... ] ] [ <code class="literal">-rx</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>EXPR</em></span> [ ... ] ] [ <code class="literal">-addr</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>EXPR</em></span> [ ... ] ]
-</p><p>
-<code class="literal">group</code> is used to directly add either addresses or
-regular expressions to the specified group or groups. The different
-categories of arguments to the <code class="literal">group</code> command can be
-in any order. The flags <code class="literal">-rx</code> and
+the value of a variable on the right-hand side of an assignment changes
+after the assignment, the variable on the left-hand side will not be
+affected.
+</p><p>
+The commands understood by Mutt are explained in the next paragraphs.
+For a complete list, see the <a class="link" href="reference.html#commands" title="2. Configuration Commands">command
+reference</a>.
+</p><p>
+All configuration files are expected to be in the current locale as
+specified by the <a class="link" href="reference.html#charset" title="3.25. charset">$charset</a> variable which
+doesn't have a default value since it's determined by Mutt at startup.
+If a configuration file is not encoded in the same character set the
+<a class="link" href="reference.html#config-charset" title="3.30. config_charset">$config_charset</a> variable should be
+used: all lines starting with the next are recoded from <a class="link" href="reference.html#config-charset" title="3.30. config_charset">$config_charset</a> to <a class="link" href="reference.html#charset" title="3.25. charset">$charset</a>.
+</p><p>
+This mechanism should be avoided if possible as it has the following
+implications:
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>These variables should be set early in a configuration
+file with <a class="link" href="reference.html#charset" title="3.25. charset">$charset</a> preceding <a class="link" href="reference.html#config-charset" title="3.30. config_charset">$config_charset</a> so Mutt knows what
+character set to convert to.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>If <a class="link" href="reference.html#config-charset" title="3.30. config_charset">$config_charset</a>
+is set, it should be set in each configuration file because the value is
+global and <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> per configuration
+file.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Because Mutt first recodes a line before it attempts to
+parse it, a conversion introducing question marks or other characters as
+part of errors (unconvertable characters, transliteration) may introduce
+syntax errors or silently change the meaning of certain tokens
+(e.g. inserting question marks into regular
+expressions).</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" title="3. Address Groups"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="addrgroup"></a>3. Address Groups</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">group</code> [
+<code class="option">-group</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em>
+...] {
+<code class="option">-rx</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>expr</code></em>
+... |
+<code class="option">-addr</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>expr</code></em>
+... }<br /><code class="command">ungroup</code> [
+<code class="option">-group</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em>
+...] {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<code class="option">-rx</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>expr</code></em>
+... |
+<code class="option">-addr</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>expr</code></em>
+... }</p></div><p>
+Mutt supports grouping addresses logically into named groups. An address
+or address pattern can appear in several groups at the same time. These
+groups can be used in <a class="link" href="advancedusage.html#patterns" title="3. Patterns: Searching, Limiting and Tagging">patterns</a> (for searching, limiting and tagging) and
+in hooks by using group patterns. This can be useful to classify mail
+and take certain actions depending on in what groups the message is.
+For example, the mutt user's mailing list would fit into the categories
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">mailing list</span>”</span> and <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">mutt-related</span>”</span>. Using <a class="link" href="configuration.html#send-hook" title="19. Change Settings Based Upon Message Recipients"><code class="literal">send-hook</code></a>, the sender can
+be set to a dedicated one for writing mailing list messages, and the
+signature could be set to a mutt-related one for writing to a mutt list
+— for other lists, the list sender setting still applies but a
+different signature can be selected. Or, given a group only containing
+recipients known to accept encrypted mail,
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">auto-encryption</span>”</span> can be achieved easily.
+</p><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>group</strong></span> command is used to directly add either
+addresses or regular expressions to the specified group or groups. The
+different categories of arguments to the <span class="command"><strong>group</strong></span>
+command can be in any order. The flags <code class="literal">-rx</code> and
<code class="literal">-addr</code> specify what the following strings (that cannot
begin with a hyphen) should be interpreted as: either a regular
expression or an email address, respectively.
</p><p>
-These address groups can also be created implicitely by the
-<a href="configuration.html#alias" title="3. Defining/Using aliases">alias</a>, <a href="configuration.html#lists" title="11. Mailing lists">lists</a>,
-<a href="configuration.html#lists" title="11. Mailing lists">subscribe</a> and
-<a href="configuration.html#alternates" title="10. Alternative addresses">alternates</a> commands by specifying the
-optional <code class="literal">-group</code> option.
-</p><p>
-Once defined, these address groups can be used in
-<a href="advancedusage.html#patterns" title="2. Patterns: Searching, Limiting and Tagging">patterns</a> to search for and limit the
-display to messages matching a group.
-</p><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">ungroup</code> [ <code class="literal">-group</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>name</em></span> [ ... ] ] [ * | [ [ <code class="literal">-rx</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>EXPR</em></span> [ ... ] ] [ <code class="literal">-addr</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>EXPR</em></span> [ ... ] ] ]
-</p><p>
-<code class="literal">ungroup</code> is used to remove addresses or regular
-expressions from the specified group or groups. The syntax is similar to
-the <code class="literal">group</code> command, however the special character
-<code class="literal">*</code> can be used to empty a group of all of its
-contents.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="alias"></a>3. Defining/Using aliases</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">alias</code> [ <code class="literal">-group</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>name</em></span> [ ... ] ] <span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>address</em></span> [ , <span class="emphasis"><em>address</em></span>, ... ]
-</p><p>
-It's usually very cumbersome to remember or type out the address of someone
-you are communicating with. Mutt allows you to create ``aliases'' which map
-a short string to a full address.
-</p><p>
-<span class="bold"><strong>Note:</strong></span> if you want to create an alias for more than
-one address, you <span class="bold"><strong>must</strong></span> separate the addresses with a comma (``,'').
-</p><p>
+These address groups can also be created implicitly by the <a class="link" href="configuration.html#alias" title="4. Defining/Using Aliases"><span class="command"><strong>alias</strong></span></a>, <a class="link" href="configuration.html#lists" title="12. Mailing Lists"><span class="command"><strong>lists</strong></span></a>, <a class="link" href="configuration.html#lists" title="12. Mailing Lists"><span class="command"><strong>subscribe</strong></span></a> and <a class="link" href="configuration.html#alternates" title="11. Alternative Addresses"><span class="command"><strong>alternates</strong></span></a> commands by
+specifying the optional <code class="literal">-group</code> option. For example,
+</p><pre class="screen">
+alternates -group me address1 address2
+alternates -group me -group work address3
+</pre><p>
+would create a group named <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">me</span>”</span> which contains all your
+addresses and a group named <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">work</span>”</span> which contains only your
+work address <span class="emphasis"><em>address3</em></span>. Besides many other
+possibilities, this could be used to automatically mark your own
+messages in a mailing list folder as read or use a special signature for
+work-related messages.
+</p><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>ungroup</strong></span> command is used to remove addresses or
+regular expressions from the specified group or groups. The syntax is
+similar to the <span class="command"><strong>group</strong></span> command, however the special
+character <code class="literal">*</code> can be used to empty a group of all of
+its contents. As soon as a group gets empty because all addresses and
+regular expressions have been removed, it'll internally be removed, too
+(i.e. there cannot be an empty group). When removing regular expressions
+from a group, the pattern must be specified exactly as given to the
+<span class="command"><strong>group</strong></span> command or <code class="literal">-group</code> argument.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="4. Defining/Using Aliases"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="alias"></a>4. Defining/Using Aliases</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">alias</code> [
+<code class="option">-group</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em>
+...]
+<em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em>
+ [
+<em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em>
+...]<br /><code class="command">unalias</code> [
+<code class="option">-group</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em>
+...] {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em>
+... }</p></div><p>
+It's usually very cumbersome to remember or type out the address of
+someone you are communicating with. Mutt allows you to create
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">aliases</span>”</span> which map a short string to a full address.
+</p><div class="note" title="Note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+If you want to create an alias for more than one address, you
+<span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> separate the addresses with a comma
+(<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">,</span>”</span>).
+</p></div><p>
The optional <code class="literal">-group</code> argument to
-<code class="literal">alias</code> causes the aliased address(es) to be added to
+<span class="command"><strong>alias</strong></span> causes the aliased address(es) to be added to
the named <span class="emphasis"><em>group</em></span>.
</p><p>
-To remove an alias or aliases (``*'' means all aliases):
-</p><p>
-<code class="literal">unalias</code> [ * | <span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>...</em></span> ]
-</p><p>
-
+To remove an alias or aliases (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">*</span>”</span> means all aliases):
</p><pre class="screen">
alias muttdude me@cs.hmc.edu (Michael Elkins)
alias theguys manny, moe, jack
</pre><p>
-
-</p><p>
-Unlike other mailers, Mutt doesn't require aliases to be defined
-in a special file. The <code class="literal">alias</code> command can appear anywhere in
-a configuration file, as long as this file is <a href="configuration.html#source" title="27. Reading initialization commands from another file">sourced</a>. Consequently, you can have multiple alias files, or
-you can have all aliases defined in your muttrc.
-</p><p>
-On the other hand, the <a href="gettingstarted.html#create-alias">create-alias</a>
-function can use only one file, the one pointed to by the <a href="reference.html#alias-file" title="3.3. alias_file">$alias_file</a> variable (which is
-<code class="literal">˜/.muttrc</code> by default). This file is not special either,
-in the sense that Mutt will happily append aliases to any file, but in
-order for the new aliases to take effect you need to explicitly <a href="configuration.html#source" title="27. Reading initialization commands from another file">source</a> this file too.
-</p><p>
-For example:
-</p><p>
-
-</p><pre class="screen">
+Unlike other mailers, Mutt doesn't require aliases to be defined in a
+special file. The <span class="command"><strong>alias</strong></span> command can appear anywhere
+in a configuration file, as long as this file is <a class="link" href="configuration.html#source" title="27. Reading Initialization Commands From Another File"><span class="command"><strong>source</strong></span>d</a>. Consequently, you
+can have multiple alias files, or you can have all aliases defined in
+your <code class="literal">.muttrc</code>.
+</p><p>
+On the other hand, the <a class="link" href="gettingstarted.html#create-alias"><code class="literal"><create-alias></code></a>
+function can use only one file, the one pointed to by the <a class="link" href="reference.html#alias-file" title="3.3. alias_file">$alias_file</a> variable (which is
+<code class="literal">~/.muttrc</code> by default). This file is not special
+either, in the sense that Mutt will happily append aliases to any file,
+but in order for the new aliases to take effect you need to explicitly
+<a class="link" href="configuration.html#source" title="27. Reading Initialization Commands From Another File"><span class="command"><strong>source</strong></span></a> this file too.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-alias-external"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.7. Configuring external alias files</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
source /usr/local/share/Mutt.aliases
source ~/.mail_aliases
set alias_file=~/.mail_aliases
-</pre><p>
-
-</p><p>
-To use aliases, you merely use the alias at any place in mutt where mutt
-prompts for addresses, such as the <span class="emphasis"><em>To:</em></span> or <span class="emphasis"><em>Cc:</em></span> prompt. You can
-also enter aliases in your editor at the appropriate headers if you have the
-<a href="reference.html#edit-headers" title="3.50. edit_headers">$edit_headers</a> variable set.
-</p><p>
-In addition, at the various address prompts, you can use the tab character
-to expand a partial alias to the full alias. If there are multiple matches,
-mutt will bring up a menu with the matching aliases. In order to be
-presented with the full list of aliases, you must hit tab with out a partial
-alias, such as at the beginning of the prompt or after a comma denoting
-multiple addresses.
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+To use aliases, you merely use the alias at any place in Mutt where Mutt
+prompts for addresses, such as the <span class="emphasis"><em>To:</em></span> or
+<span class="emphasis"><em>Cc:</em></span> prompt. You can also enter aliases in your
+editor at the appropriate headers if you have the <a class="link" href="reference.html#edit-headers" title="3.57. edit_headers">$edit_headers</a> variable set.
+</p><p>
+In addition, at the various address prompts, you can use the tab
+character to expand a partial alias to the full alias. If there are
+multiple matches, Mutt will bring up a menu with the matching aliases.
+In order to be presented with the full list of aliases, you must hit tab
+without a partial alias, such as at the beginning of the prompt or after
+a comma denoting multiple addresses.
</p><p>
In the alias menu, you can select as many aliases as you want with the
-<span class="emphasis"><em>select-entry</em></span> key (default: RET), and use the <span class="emphasis"><em>exit</em></span> key
-(default: q) to return to the address prompt.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="bind"></a>4. Changing the default key bindings</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">bind</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>map</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>function</em></span>
-</p><p>
+<code class="literal">select-entry</code> key (default: <Return>), and use
+the <span class="emphasis"><em>exit</em></span> key (default: q) to return to the address
+prompt.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="5. Changing the Default Key Bindings"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="bind"></a>5. Changing the Default Key Bindings</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">bind</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>map</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>function</code></em>
+ </p></div><p>
This command allows you to change the default key bindings (operation
invoked when pressing a key).
</p><p>
-<span class="emphasis"><em>map</em></span> specifies in which menu the binding belongs. Multiple maps may
-be specified by separating them with commas (no additional whitespace is
-allowed). The currently defined maps are:
-</p><p>
-<a id="maps"></a>
-</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">generic</span></dt><dd><p>
+<span class="emphasis"><em>map</em></span> specifies in which menu the binding belongs.
+Multiple maps may be specified by separating them with commas (no
+additional whitespace is allowed). The currently defined maps are:
+</p><a id="maps"></a><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">generic</span></dt><dd><p>
This is not a real menu, but is used as a fallback for all of the other
menus except for the pager and editor modes. If a key is not defined in
-another menu, Mutt will look for a binding to use in this menu. This allows
-you to bind a key to a certain function in multiple menus instead of having
-multiple bind statements to accomplish the same task.
+another menu, Mutt will look for a binding to use in this menu. This
+allows you to bind a key to a certain function in multiple menus instead
+of having multiple <span class="command"><strong>bind</strong></span> statements to accomplish the
+same task.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">alias</span></dt><dd><p>
The alias menu is the list of your personal aliases as defined in your
-muttrc. It is the mapping from a short alias name to the full email
-address(es) of the recipient(s).
+<code class="literal">.muttrc</code>. It is the mapping from a short alias name
+to the full email address(es) of the recipient(s).
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">attach</span></dt><dd><p>
-The attachment menu is used to access the attachments on received messages.
+The attachment menu is used to access the attachments on received
+messages.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">browser</span></dt><dd><p>
-The browser is used for both browsing the local directory structure, and for
-listing all of your incoming mailboxes.
+The browser is used for both browsing the local directory structure, and
+for listing all of your incoming mailboxes.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">editor</span></dt><dd><p>
-The editor is the line-based editor the user enters text data.
+The editor is used to allow the user to enter a single line of text, such as
+the <span class="emphasis"><em>To</em></span> or <span class="emphasis"><em>Subject</em></span> prompts in the
+<code class="literal">compose</code> menu.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">index</span></dt><dd><p>
The index is the list of messages contained in a mailbox.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">compose</span></dt><dd><p>
The pager is the mode used to display message/attachment data, and help
listings.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">pgp</span></dt><dd><p>
-The pgp menu is used to select the OpenPGP keys used for encrypting outgoing
+The pgp menu is used to select the OpenPGP keys used to encrypt outgoing
messages.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term">smime</span></dt><dd><p>
+The smime menu is used to select the OpenSSL certificates used to
+encrypt outgoing messages.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">postpone</span></dt><dd><p>
The postpone menu is similar to the index menu, except is used when
recalling a message the user was composing, but saved until later.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term">query</span></dt><dd><p>
+The query menu is the browser for results returned by <a class="link" href="reference.html#query-command" title="3.204. query_command">$query_command</a>.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term">mix</span></dt><dd><p>
+The mixmaster screen is used to select remailer options for outgoing
+messages (if Mutt is compiled with Mixmaster support).
</p></dd></dl></div><p>
-</p><p>
-<span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> is the key (or key sequence) you wish to bind. To specify a
-control character, use the sequence <span class="emphasis"><em>\Cx</em></span>, where <span class="emphasis"><em>x</em></span> is the
-letter of the control character (for example, to specify control-A use
-``\Ca''). Note that the case of <span class="emphasis"><em>x</em></span> as well as <span class="emphasis"><em>\C</em></span> is
-ignored, so that <span class="emphasis"><em>\CA</em></span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>\Ca</em></span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>\cA</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>\ca</em></span> are all
+<span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> is the key (or key sequence) you wish to bind.
+To specify a control character, use the sequence
+<span class="emphasis"><em>\Cx</em></span>, where <span class="emphasis"><em>x</em></span> is the letter of
+the control character (for example, to specify control-A use
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\Ca</span>”</span>). Note that the case of <span class="emphasis"><em>x</em></span> as
+well as <span class="emphasis"><em>\C</em></span> is ignored, so that
+<span class="emphasis"><em>\CA</em></span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>\Ca</em></span>,
+<span class="emphasis"><em>\cA</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>\ca</em></span> are all
equivalent. An alternative form is to specify the key as a three digit
-octal number prefixed with a ``\'' (for example <span class="emphasis"><em>\177</em></span> is
-equivalent to <span class="emphasis"><em>\c?</em></span>). In addition, <span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> may
-be a symbolic name as shown in <a href="configuration.html#tab-key-names" title="Table 3.1. Symbolic key names">Table 3.1, “Symbolic key names”</a>.
-</p><p>
-
-</p><div class="table"><a id="tab-key-names"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 3.1. Symbolic key names</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Symbolic key names" border="1"><colgroup><col /><col /></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Symbolic name</th><th>Meaning</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>\t</td><td>tab</td></tr><tr><td><tab></td><td>tab</td></tr><tr><td><backtab></td><td>backtab / shift-tab</td></tr><tr><td>\r</td><td>carriage return</td></tr><tr><td>\n</td><td>newline</td></tr><tr><td>\e</td><td>escape</td></tr><tr><td><esc></td><td>escape</td></tr><tr><td><up></td><td>up arrow</td></tr><tr><td><down></td><td>down arrow</td></tr><tr><td><left></td><td>left arrow</td></tr><tr><td><right></td><td>right arrow</td></tr><tr><td><pageup></td><td>Page Up</td></tr><tr><td><pagedown></td><td>Page Down</td></tr><tr><td><backspace></td><td>Backspace</td></tr><tr><td><delete></td><td>Delete</td></tr><tr><td><insert></td><td>Insert</td></tr><tr><td><enter></td><td>Enter</td></tr><tr><td><return></td><td>Return</td></tr><tr><td><home></td><td>Home</td></tr><tr><td><end></td><td>End</td></tr><tr><td><space></td><td>Space bar</td></tr><tr><td><f1></td><td>function key 1</td></tr><tr><td><f10></td><td>function key 10</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><p><br class="table-break" />
-
-</p><p>
-<span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> does not need to be enclosed in quotes unless it contains a
-space (`` '').
-</p><p>
-<span class="emphasis"><em>function</em></span> specifies which action to take when <span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> is pressed.
-For a complete list of functions, see the <a href="reference.html#functions" title="4. Functions">reference</a>. The special function <code class="literal">noop</code> unbinds the specified key
-sequence.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="charset-hook"></a>5. Defining aliases for character sets </h2></div></div></div><p>
-</p><div class="literallayout"><p><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">charset-hook</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>alias</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>charset</em></span><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">iconv-hook</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>charset</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>local-charset</em></span><br />
-</p></div><p>
-</p><p>
-The <code class="literal">charset-hook</code> command defines an alias for a character set.
-This is useful to properly display messages which are tagged with a
-character set name not known to mutt.
-</p><p>
-The <code class="literal">iconv-hook</code> command defines a system-specific name for a
-character set. This is helpful when your systems character
-conversion library insists on using strange, system-specific names
-for character sets.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="folder-hook"></a>6. Setting variables based upon mailbox</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">folder-hook</code> [!]<span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>command</em></span>
-</p><p>
+octal number prefixed with a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\</span>”</span> (for example
+<span class="emphasis"><em>\177</em></span> is equivalent to <span class="emphasis"><em>\c?</em></span>). In
+addition, <span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> may be a symbolic name as shown in
+<a class="xref" href="configuration.html#tab-key-names" title="Table 3.1. Symbolic key names">Table 3.1, “Symbolic key names”</a>.
+</p><div class="table"><a id="tab-key-names"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 3.1. Symbolic key names</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Symbolic key names" border="1"><colgroup><col /><col /></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Symbolic name</th><th>Meaning</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>\t</td><td>tab</td></tr><tr><td><tab></td><td>tab</td></tr><tr><td><backtab></td><td>backtab / shift-tab</td></tr><tr><td>\r</td><td>carriage return</td></tr><tr><td>\n</td><td>newline</td></tr><tr><td>\e</td><td>escape</td></tr><tr><td><esc></td><td>escape</td></tr><tr><td><up></td><td>up arrow</td></tr><tr><td><down></td><td>down arrow</td></tr><tr><td><left></td><td>left arrow</td></tr><tr><td><right></td><td>right arrow</td></tr><tr><td><pageup></td><td>Page Up</td></tr><tr><td><pagedown></td><td>Page Down</td></tr><tr><td><backspace></td><td>Backspace</td></tr><tr><td><delete></td><td>Delete</td></tr><tr><td><insert></td><td>Insert</td></tr><tr><td><enter></td><td>Enter</td></tr><tr><td><return></td><td>Return</td></tr><tr><td><home></td><td>Home</td></tr><tr><td><end></td><td>End</td></tr><tr><td><space></td><td>Space bar</td></tr><tr><td><f1></td><td>function key 1</td></tr><tr><td><f10></td><td>function key 10</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break" /><p>
+<span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> does not need to be enclosed in quotes unless
+it contains a space (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote"> </span>”</span>) or semi-colon
+(<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">;</span>”</span>).
+</p><p>
+<span class="emphasis"><em>function</em></span> specifies which action to take when
+<span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> is pressed. For a complete list of functions,
+see the <a class="link" href="reference.html#functions" title="4. Functions">reference</a>. Note that the
+<span class="command"><strong>bind</strong></span> expects <span class="emphasis"><em>function</em></span> to be
+specified without angle brackets.
+</p><p>
+The special function <code class="literal"><noop></code> unbinds the
+specified key sequence.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="6. Defining Aliases for Character Sets"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="charset-hook"></a>6. Defining Aliases for Character Sets</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">charset-hook</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>alias</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>charset</code></em>
+ <br /><code class="command">iconv-hook<a id="iconv-hook"></a></code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>charset</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>local-charset</code></em>
+ </p></div><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>charset-hook</strong></span> command defines an alias for a
+character set. This is useful to properly display messages which are
+tagged with a character set name not known to Mutt.
+</p><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>iconv-hook</strong></span> command defines a system-specific name
+for a character set. This is helpful when your systems character
+conversion library insists on using strange, system-specific names for
+character sets.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="7. Setting Variables Based Upon Mailbox"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="folder-hook"></a>7. Setting Variables Based Upon Mailbox</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">folder-hook</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>[!]regexp</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>command</code></em>
+ </p></div><p>
It is often desirable to change settings based on which mailbox you are
-reading. The folder-hook command provides a method by which you can execute
-any configuration command. <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> is a regular expression specifying
-in which mailboxes to execute <span class="emphasis"><em>command</em></span> before loading. If a mailbox
-matches multiple folder-hook's, they are executed in the order given in the
-muttrc.
-</p><p>
-<span class="bold"><strong>Note:</strong></span> if you use the ``!'' shortcut for <a href="reference.html#spoolfile" title="3.276. spoolfile">$spoolfile</a> at the beginning of the pattern, you must place it
-inside of double or single quotes in order to distinguish it from the
-logical <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> operator for the expression.
-</p><p>
-Note that the settings are <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> restored when you leave the mailbox.
-For example, a command action to perform is to change the sorting method
-based upon the mailbox being read:
-</p><p>
-
+reading. The <span class="command"><strong>folder-hook</strong></span> command provides a method
+by which you can execute any configuration command.
+<span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> is a regular expression specifying in which
+mailboxes to execute <span class="emphasis"><em>command</em></span> before loading. If a
+mailbox matches multiple <span class="command"><strong>folder-hook</strong></span>s, they are
+executed in the order given in the <code class="literal">.muttrc</code>.
+</p><div class="note" title="Note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+If you use the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">!</span>”</span> shortcut for <a class="link" href="reference.html#spoolfile" title="3.270. spoolfile">$spoolfile</a> at the beginning of the pattern,
+you must place it inside of double or single quotes in order to
+distinguish it from the logical <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> operator for
+the expression.
+</p></div><div class="note" title="Note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+Settings are <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> restored when you leave the
+mailbox. For example, a command action to perform is to change the
+sorting method based upon the mailbox being read:
</p><pre class="screen">
-folder-hook mutt set sort=threads
-</pre><p>
-
-</p><p>
+folder-hook mutt "set sort=threads"</pre><p>
However, the sorting method is not restored to its previous value when
-reading a different mailbox. To specify a <span class="emphasis"><em>default</em></span> command, use the
-pattern ``.'':
-</p><p>
-
-</p><pre class="screen">
-folder-hook . set sort=date-sent
-</pre><p>
-
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="macro"></a>7. Keyboard macros</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">macro</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>menu</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>sequence</em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>description</em></span> ]
-</p><p>
-Macros are useful when you would like a single key to perform a series of
-actions. When you press <span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> in menu <span class="emphasis"><em>menu</em></span>, Mutt will behave as if
-you had typed <span class="emphasis"><em>sequence</em></span>. So if you have a common sequence of commands
-you type, you can create a macro to execute those commands with a single
-key.
-</p><p>
-<span class="emphasis"><em>menu</em></span> is the <a href="configuration.html#maps">map</a> which the macro will be bound.
-Multiple maps may be specified by separating multiple menu arguments by
-commas. Whitespace may not be used in between the menu arguments and the
-commas separating them.
-</p><p>
-<span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>sequence</em></span> are expanded by the same rules as the <a href="configuration.html#bind" title="4. Changing the default key bindings">key bindings</a>. There are some additions however. The
-first is that control characters in <span class="emphasis"><em>sequence</em></span> can also be specified
-as <span class="emphasis"><em>^x</em></span>. In order to get a caret (`^'') you need to use
-<span class="emphasis"><em>^^</em></span>. Secondly, to specify a certain key such as <span class="emphasis"><em>up</em></span>
-or to invoke a function directly, you can use the format
-<span class="emphasis"><em><key name></em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em><function name></em></span>. For a listing of key
-names see the section on <a href="configuration.html#bind" title="4. Changing the default key bindings">key bindings</a>. Functions
-are listed in the <a href="reference.html#functions" title="4. Functions">reference</a>.
+reading a different mailbox. To specify a <span class="emphasis"><em>default</em></span>
+command, use the pattern <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">.</span>”</span> before other
+<span class="command"><strong>folder-hook</strong></span>s adjusting a value on a per-folder basis
+because <span class="command"><strong>folder-hook</strong></span>s are evaluated in the order given
+in the configuration file.
+</p></div><p>
+The following example will set the <a class="link" href="reference.html#sort" title="3.264. sort">sort</a>
+variable to <code class="literal">date-sent</code> for all folders but to
+<code class="literal">threads</code> for all folders containing
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">mutt</span>”</span> in their name.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-folder-sorting"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.8. Setting sort method based on mailbox name</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
+folder-hook . "set sort=date-sent"
+folder-hook mutt "set sort=threads"
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /></div><div class="sect1" title="8. Keyboard Macros"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="macro"></a>8. Keyboard Macros</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">macro</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>menu</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>sequence</code></em>
+ [
+<em class="replaceable"><code>description</code></em>
+]</p></div><p>
+Macros are useful when you would like a single key to perform a series
+of actions. When you press <span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> in menu
+<span class="emphasis"><em>menu</em></span>, Mutt will behave as if you had typed
+<span class="emphasis"><em>sequence</em></span>. So if you have a common sequence of
+commands you type, you can create a macro to execute those commands with
+a single key or fewer keys.
+</p><p>
+<span class="emphasis"><em>menu</em></span> is the <a class="link" href="configuration.html#maps">map</a> which
+the macro will be bound in. Multiple maps may be specified by
+separating multiple menu arguments by commas. Whitespace may not be used
+in between the menu arguments and the commas separating them.
+</p><p>
+<span class="emphasis"><em>key</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>sequence</em></span> are expanded
+by the same rules as the <a class="link" href="configuration.html#bind" title="5. Changing the Default Key Bindings">key bindings</a> with
+some additions. The first is that control characters in
+<span class="emphasis"><em>sequence</em></span> can also be specified as
+<span class="emphasis"><em>^x</em></span>. In order to get a caret (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">^</span>”</span>) you
+need to use <span class="emphasis"><em>^^</em></span>. Secondly, to specify a certain key
+such as <span class="emphasis"><em>up</em></span> or to invoke a function directly, you
+can use the format <span class="emphasis"><em><key name></em></span> and
+<span class="emphasis"><em><function name></em></span>. For a listing of key names
+see the section on <a class="link" href="configuration.html#bind" title="5. Changing the Default Key Bindings">key bindings</a>. Functions
+are listed in the <a class="link" href="reference.html#functions" title="4. Functions">reference</a>.
</p><p>
The advantage with using function names directly is that the macros will
-work regardless of the current key bindings, so they are not dependent on
-the user having particular key definitions. This makes them more robust
-and portable, and also facilitates defining of macros in files used by more
-than one user (e.g., the system Muttrc).
-</p><p>
-Optionally you can specify a descriptive text after <span class="emphasis"><em>sequence</em></span>,
-which is shown in the help screens.
-</p><p>
-<span class="bold"><strong>Note:</strong></span> Macro definitions (if any) listed in the help screen(s), are
+work regardless of the current key bindings, so they are not dependent
+on the user having particular key definitions. This makes them more
+robust and portable, and also facilitates defining of macros in files
+used by more than one user (e.g., the system Muttrc).
+</p><p>
+Optionally you can specify a descriptive text after
+<span class="emphasis"><em>sequence</em></span>, which is shown in the help screens if
+they contain a description.
+</p><div class="note" title="Note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+Macro definitions (if any) listed in the help screen(s), are
silently truncated at the screen width, and are not wrapped.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="color"></a>8. Using color and mono video attributes</h2></div></div></div><p>
-</p><div class="literallayout"><p><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">color</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>object</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>foreground</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>background</em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> ]<br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">color</code> index <span class="emphasis"><em>foreground</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>background</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">uncolor</code> index <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> ... ]<br />
-</p></div><p>
-</p><p>
-If your terminal supports color, you can spice up Mutt by creating your own
-color scheme. To define the color of an object (type of information), you
-must specify both a foreground color <span class="bold"><strong>and</strong></span> a background color (it is not
-possible to only specify one or the other).
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="9. Using Color and Mono Video Attributes"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="color"></a>9. Using Color and Mono Video Attributes</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">color</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>object</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>foreground</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>background</code></em>
+ <br /><code class="command">color</code> {
+<code class="option">header</code>
+ |
+<code class="option">body</code>
+ }
+<em class="replaceable"><code>foreground</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>background</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>regexp</code></em>
+ <br /><code class="command">color</code>
+<code class="option">index</code>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>foreground</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>background</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
+ <br /><code class="command">uncolor</code> {
+<code class="option">index</code>
+ |
+<code class="option">header</code>
+ |
+<code class="option">body</code>
+ } {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
+... }</p></div><p>
+If your terminal supports color, you can spice up Mutt by creating your
+own color scheme. To define the color of an object (type of
+information), you must specify both a foreground color
+<span class="emphasis"><em>and</em></span> a background color (it is not possible to only
+specify one or the other).
+</p><p>
+<span class="emphasis"><em>header</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>body</em></span> match
+<span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> in the header/body of a message,
+<span class="emphasis"><em>index</em></span> matches <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> (see
+<a class="xref" href="advancedusage.html#patterns" title="3. Patterns: Searching, Limiting and Tagging">Section 3, “Patterns: Searching, Limiting and Tagging”</a>) in the message index.
</p><p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>object</em></span> can be one of:
-</p><p>
-
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
-attachment
-</p></li><li><p>
-body (match <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> in the body of messages)
-</p></li><li><p>
-bold (hiliting bold patterns in the body of messages)
-</p></li><li><p>
-error (error messages printed by Mutt)
-</p></li><li><p>
-header (match <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> in the message header)
-</p></li><li><p>
-hdrdefault (default color of the message header in the pager)
-</p></li><li><p>
-index (match <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> in the message index)
-</p></li><li><p>
-indicator (arrow or bar used to indicate the current item in a menu)
-</p></li><li><p>
-markers (the ``+'' markers at the beginning of wrapped lines in the pager)
-</p></li><li><p>
-message (informational messages)
-</p></li><li><p>
-normal
-</p></li><li><p>
-quoted (text matching <a href="reference.html#quote-regexp" title="3.234. quote_regexp">$quote_regexp</a> in the body of a message)
-</p></li><li><p>
-quoted1, quoted2, ..., quoted<span class="bold"><strong>N</strong></span> (higher levels of quoting)
-</p></li><li><p>
-search (hiliting of words in the pager)
-</p></li><li><p>
-signature
-</p></li><li><p>
-status (mode lines used to display info about the mailbox or message)
-</p></li><li><p>
-tilde (the ``˜'' used to pad blank lines in the pager)
-</p></li><li><p>
-tree (thread tree drawn in the message index and attachment menu)
-</p></li><li><p>
-underline (hiliting underlined patterns in the body of messages)
-</p></li></ul></div><p>
-
-</p><p>
-<span class="emphasis"><em>foreground</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>background</em></span> can be one of the following:
-</p><p>
-
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
-white
-</p></li><li><p>
-black
-</p></li><li><p>
-green
-</p></li><li><p>
-magenta
-</p></li><li><p>
-blue
-</p></li><li><p>
-cyan
-</p></li><li><p>
-yellow
-</p></li><li><p>
-red
-</p></li><li><p>
-default
-</p></li><li><p>
-color<span class="emphasis"><em>x</em></span>
-</p></li></ul></div><p>
-
-</p><p>
-<span class="emphasis"><em>foreground</em></span> can optionally be prefixed with the keyword <code class="literal">bright</code> to make
-the foreground color boldfaced (e.g., <code class="literal">brightred</code>).
-</p><p>
-If your terminal supports it, the special keyword <span class="emphasis"><em>default</em></span> can be
-used as a transparent color. The value <span class="emphasis"><em>brightdefault</em></span> is also valid.
-If Mutt is linked against the <span class="emphasis"><em>S-Lang</em></span> library, you also need to set
-the <span class="emphasis"><em>COLORFGBG</em></span> environment variable to the default colors of your
-terminal for this to work; for example (for Bourne-like shells):
-</p><p>
-
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>attachment</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>bold (highlighting bold patterns in the body of messages)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>error (error messages printed by Mutt)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>hdrdefault (default color of the message header in the pager)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>indicator (arrow or bar used to indicate the current item in a menu)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>markers (the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">+</span>”</span> markers at the beginning of wrapped lines in the pager)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>message (informational messages)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>normal</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>quoted (text matching <a class="link" href="reference.html#quote-regexp" title="3.207. quote_regexp">$quote_regexp</a> in the body of a message)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>quoted1, quoted2, ..., quoted<span class="emphasis"><em>N</em></span> (higher levels of quoting)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>search (highlighting of words in the pager)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>signature</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>status (mode lines used to display info about the mailbox or message)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>tilde (the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">~</span>”</span> used to pad blank lines in the pager)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>tree (thread tree drawn in the message index and attachment menu)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>underline (highlighting underlined patterns in the body of messages)</p></li></ul></div><p>
+<span class="emphasis"><em>foreground</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>background</em></span> can
+be one of the following:
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>white</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>black</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>green</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>magenta</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>blue</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>cyan</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>yellow</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>red</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>default</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>color<span class="emphasis"><em>x</em></span></p></li></ul></div><p>
+<span class="emphasis"><em>foreground</em></span> can optionally be prefixed with the
+keyword <code class="literal">bright</code> to make the foreground color boldfaced
+(e.g., <code class="literal">brightred</code>).
+</p><p>
+If your terminal supports it, the special keyword
+<span class="emphasis"><em>default</em></span> can be used as a transparent color. The
+value <span class="emphasis"><em>brightdefault</em></span> is also valid. If Mutt is
+linked against the <span class="emphasis"><em>S-Lang</em></span> library, you also need to
+set the <code class="literal">$COLORFGBG</code> environment variable to the
+default colors of your terminal for this to work; for example (for
+Bourne-like shells):
</p><pre class="screen">
set COLORFGBG="green;black"
export COLORFGBG
-</pre><p>
-
-</p><p>
-<span class="bold"><strong>Note:</strong></span> The <span class="emphasis"><em>S-Lang</em></span> library requires you to use the <span class="emphasis"><em>lightgray</em></span>
-and <span class="emphasis"><em>brown</em></span> keywords instead of <span class="emphasis"><em>white</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>yellow</em></span> when
-setting this variable.
-</p><p>
-<span class="bold"><strong>Note:</strong></span> The uncolor command can be applied to the index object only. It
-removes entries from the list. You <span class="bold"><strong>must</strong></span> specify the same pattern
-specified in the color command for it to be removed. The pattern ``*'' is
-a special token which means to clear the color index list of all entries.
-</p><p>
-Mutt also recognizes the keywords <span class="emphasis"><em>color0</em></span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>color1</em></span>, …,
-<span class="emphasis"><em>color</em></span><span class="bold"><strong>N-1</strong></span> (<span class="bold"><strong>N</strong></span> being the number of colors supported
-by your terminal). This is useful when you remap the colors for your
-display (for example by changing the color associated with <span class="emphasis"><em>color2</em></span>
-for your xterm), since color names may then lose their normal meaning.
-</p><p>
-If your terminal does not support color, it is still possible change the video
-attributes through the use of the ``mono'' command:
-</p><p>
-</p><div class="literallayout"><p><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">mono</code> <span class="emphasis"><em><object> <attribute></em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> ]<br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">mono</code> index <span class="emphasis"><em>attribute</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">unmono</code> index <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> ... ]<br />
+</pre><div class="note" title="Note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+The <span class="emphasis"><em>S-Lang</em></span> library requires you to use the
+<span class="emphasis"><em>lightgray</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>brown</em></span> keywords
+instead of <span class="emphasis"><em>white</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>yellow</em></span>
+when setting this variable.
+</p></div><div class="note" title="Note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>uncolor</strong></span> command can be applied to the index,
+header and body objects only. It removes entries from the list. You
+<span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> specify the same pattern specified in the
+<span class="command"><strong>color</strong></span> command for it to be removed. The pattern
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">*</span>”</span> is a special token which means to clear the color list
+of all entries.
</p></div><p>
-</p><p>
-where <span class="emphasis"><em>attribute</em></span> is one of the following:
-</p><p>
-
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
-none
-</p></li><li><p>
-bold
-</p></li><li><p>
-underline
-</p></li><li><p>
-reverse
-</p></li><li><p>
-standout
-</p></li></ul></div><p>
-
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="ignore"></a>9. Ignoring (weeding) unwanted message headers</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">[un]ignore</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> ... ]
-</p><p>
-Messages often have many header fields added by automatic processing systems,
-or which may not seem useful to display on the screen. This command allows
-you to specify header fields which you don't normally want to see.
+Mutt also recognizes the keywords <span class="emphasis"><em>color0</em></span>,
+<span class="emphasis"><em>color1</em></span>, ...,
+<span class="emphasis"><em>color</em></span><span class="emphasis"><em>N-1</em></span>
+(<span class="emphasis"><em>N</em></span> being the number of colors supported by your
+terminal). This is useful when you remap the colors for your display
+(for example by changing the color associated with
+<span class="emphasis"><em>color2</em></span> for your xterm), since color names may then
+lose their normal meaning.
+</p><a id="mono"></a><p>
+If your terminal does not support color, it is still possible change the
+video attributes through the use of the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">mono</span>”</span>
+command. Usage:
+</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">mono</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>object</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>attribute</code></em>
+ <br /><code class="command">mono</code> {
+<code class="option">header</code>
+ |
+<code class="option">body</code>
+ }
+<em class="replaceable"><code>attribute</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>regexp</code></em>
+ <br /><code class="command">mono</code>
+<code class="option">index</code>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>attribute</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
+ <br /><code class="command">unmono</code> {
+<code class="option">index</code>
+ |
+<code class="option">header</code>
+ |
+<code class="option">body</code>
+ } {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
+... }</p></div><p>
+For <span class="emphasis"><em>object</em></span>, see the <span class="command"><strong>color</strong></span>
+command. <span class="emphasis"><em>attribute</em></span> can be one of the following:
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>none</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>bold</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>underline</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>reverse</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>standout</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" title="10. Message Header Display"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="msg-hdr-display"></a>10. Message Header Display</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" title="10.1. Header Display"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="hdr-folding"></a>10.1. Header Display</h3></div></div></div><p>
+When displaying a message in the pager, Mutt folds long header lines at
+<a class="link" href="reference.html#wrap" title="3.307. wrap">$wrap</a> columns. Though there're precise rules
+about where to break and how, Mutt always folds headers using a tab for
+readability. (Note that the sending side is not affected by this, Mutt
+tries to implement standards compliant folding.)
+</p></div><div class="sect2" title="10.2. Selecting Headers"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="ignore"></a>10.2. Selecting Headers</h3></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">ignore</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
+ [
+<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
+...]<br /><code class="command">unignore</code> {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
+... }</p></div><p>
+Messages often have many header fields added by automatic processing
+systems, or which may not seem useful to display on the screen. This
+command allows you to specify header fields which you don't normally
+want to see in the pager.
</p><p>
You do not need to specify the full header field name. For example,
-``ignore content-'' will ignore all header fields that begin with the pattern
-``content-''. ``ignore *'' will ignore all headers.
-</p><p>
-To remove a previously added token from the list, use the ``unignore'' command.
-The ``unignore'' command will make Mutt display headers with the given pattern.
-For example, if you do ``ignore x-'' it is possible to ``unignore x-mailer''.
-</p><p>
-``unignore *'' will remove all tokens from the ignore list.
-</p><p>
-For example:
-
-</p><pre class="screen">
-# Sven's draconian header weeding
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">ignore content-</span>”</span> will ignore all header fields that begin
+with the pattern <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">content-</span>”</span>. <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">ignore *</span>”</span> will
+ignore all headers.
+</p><p>
+To remove a previously added token from the list, use the
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">unignore</span>”</span> command. The <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">unignore</span>”</span> command
+will make Mutt display headers with the given pattern. For example, if
+you do <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">ignore x-</span>”</span> it is possible to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">unignore
+x-mailer</span>”</span>.
+</p><p>
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">unignore *</span>”</span> will remove all tokens from the ignore list.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-header-weeding"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.9. Header weeding</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
+<span class="comment"># Sven's draconian header weeding</span>
ignore *
unignore from date subject to cc
unignore organization organisation x-mailer: x-newsreader: x-mailing-list:
unignore posted-to:
-</pre><p>
-
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="alternates"></a>10. Alternative addresses</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">[un]alternates</code> [ <code class="literal">-group</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>name</em></span> [ ... ] ] <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> ... ]
-
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /></div><div class="sect2" title="10.3. Ordering Displayed Headers"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="hdr-order"></a>10.3. Ordering Displayed Headers</h3></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">hdr_order</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>header</code></em>
+ [
+<em class="replaceable"><code>header</code></em>
+...]<br /><code class="command">unhdr_order</code> {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>header</code></em>
+... }</p></div><p>
+With the <span class="command"><strong>hdr_order</strong></span> command you can specify an order
+in which Mutt will attempt to present these headers to you when viewing
+messages.
</p><p>
-With various functions, mutt will treat messages differently,
-depending on whether you sent them or whether you received them from
-someone else. For instance, when replying to a message that you
-sent to a different party, mutt will automatically suggest to send
-the response to the original message's recipients -- responding to
-yourself won't make much sense in many cases. (See <a href="reference.html#reply-to" title="3.242. reply_to">$reply_to</a>.)
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote"><span class="command"><strong>unhdr_order</strong></span> *</span>”</span> will clear all previous
+headers from the order list, thus removing the header order effects set
+by the system-wide startup file.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-hdr-order"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.10. Configuring header display order</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
+hdr_order From Date: From: To: Cc: Subject:
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /></div></div><div class="sect1" title="11. Alternative Addresses"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="alternates"></a>11. Alternative Addresses</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">alternates</code> [
+<code class="option">-group</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em>
+...]
+<em class="replaceable"><code>regexp</code></em>
+ [
+<em class="replaceable"><code>regexp</code></em>
+...]<br /><code class="command">unalternates</code> [
+<code class="option">-group</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em>
+...] {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>regexp</code></em>
+... }</p></div><p>
+With various functions, Mutt will treat messages differently, depending
+on whether you sent them or whether you received them from someone else.
+For instance, when replying to a message that you sent to a different
+party, Mutt will automatically suggest to send the response to the
+original message's recipients — responding to yourself won't make
+much sense in many cases. (See <a class="link" href="reference.html#reply-to" title="3.215. reply_to">$reply_to</a>.)
</p><p>
Many users receive e-mail under a number of different addresses. To
-fully use mutt's features here, the program must be able to
-recognize what e-mail addresses you receive mail under. That's the
-purpose of the <code class="literal">alternates</code> command: It takes a list of regular
+fully use Mutt's features here, the program must be able to recognize
+what e-mail addresses you receive mail under. That's the purpose of the
+<span class="command"><strong>alternates</strong></span> command: It takes a list of regular
expressions, each of which can identify an address under which you
receive e-mail.
</p><p>
</p><pre class="screen">
alternates user@example
</pre><p>
-mutt will consider ``<code class="literal">some-user@example</code>'' as
-being your address, too which may not be desired. As a solution, in such
-cases addresses should be specified as:
+Mutt will consider <span class="quote">“<span class="quote"><code class="literal">some-user@example</code></span>”</span>
+as being your address, too which may not be desired. As a solution, in
+such cases addresses should be specified as:
</p><pre class="screen">
alternates '^user@example$'
</pre><p>
-The <code class="literal">-group</code> flag causes all of the subsequent regular expressions
-to be added to the named group.
-</p><p>
-The <code class="literal">unalternates</code> command can be used to write exceptions to
-<code class="literal">alternates</code> patterns. If an address matches something in an
-<code class="literal">alternates</code> command, but you nonetheless do not think it is
-from you, you can list a more precise pattern under an <code class="literal">unalternates</code>
-command.
-</p><p>
-To remove a regular expression from the <code class="literal">alternates</code> list, use the
-<code class="literal">unalternates</code> command with exactly the same <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span>.
-Likewise, if the <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> for an <code class="literal">alternates</code> command matches
-an entry on the <code class="literal">unalternates</code> list, that <code class="literal">unalternates</code>
-entry will be removed. If the <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> for <code class="literal">unalternates</code>
-is ``*'', <span class="emphasis"><em>all entries</em></span> on <code class="literal">alternates</code> will be removed.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="lists"></a>11. Mailing lists</h2></div></div></div><p>
-</p><div class="literallayout"><p><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">[un]lists</code> [ <code class="literal">-group</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>name</em></span> [ ... ] ] <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> ... ]<br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">[un]subscribe</code> [ <code class="literal">-group</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>name</em></span> [ ... ] ] <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> ... ]<br />
+The <code class="literal">-group</code> flag causes all of the subsequent regular
+expressions to be added to the named group.
+</p><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>unalternates</strong></span> command can be used to write
+exceptions to <span class="command"><strong>alternates</strong></span> patterns. If an address
+matches something in an <span class="command"><strong>alternates</strong></span> command, but you
+nonetheless do not think it is from you, you can list a more precise
+pattern under an <span class="command"><strong>unalternates</strong></span> command.
+</p><p>
+To remove a regular expression from the <span class="command"><strong>alternates</strong></span>
+list, use the <span class="command"><strong>unalternates</strong></span> command with exactly the
+same <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span>. Likewise, if the
+<span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> for an <span class="command"><strong>alternates</strong></span> command
+matches an entry on the <span class="command"><strong>unalternates</strong></span> list, that
+<span class="command"><strong>unalternates</strong></span> entry will be removed. If the
+<span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> for <span class="command"><strong>unalternates</strong></span> is
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">*</span>”</span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>all entries</em></span> on
+<span class="command"><strong>alternates</strong></span> will be removed.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="12. Mailing Lists"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="lists"></a>12. Mailing Lists</h2></div></div></div><a id="subscribe"></a><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">lists</code> [
+<code class="option">-group</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em>
+...]
+<em class="replaceable"><code>regexp</code></em>
+ [
+<em class="replaceable"><code>regexp</code></em>
+...]<br /><code class="command">unlists</code> {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>regexp</code></em>
+... }<br /><code class="command">subscribe</code> [
+<code class="option">-group</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em>
+...]
+<em class="replaceable"><code>regexp</code></em>
+ [
+<em class="replaceable"><code>regexp</code></em>
+...]<br /><code class="command">unsubscribe</code> {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>regexp</code></em>
+... }</p></div><p>
+Mutt has a few nice features for <a class="link" href="advancedusage.html#using-lists" title="9. Handling Mailing Lists">handling
+mailing lists</a>. In order to take advantage of them, you must
+specify which addresses belong to mailing lists, and which mailing lists
+you are subscribed to. Mutt also has limited support for auto-detecting
+mailing lists: it supports parsing <code class="literal">mailto:</code> links in
+the common <code class="literal">List-Post:</code> header which has the same
+effect as specifying the list address via the <span class="command"><strong>lists</strong></span>
+command (except the group feature). Once you have done this, the <a class="link" href="gettingstarted.html#list-reply"><code class="literal"><list-reply></code></a>
+function will work for all known lists. Additionally, when you send a
+message to a subscribed list, Mutt will add a Mail-Followup-To header to
+tell other users' mail user agents not to send copies of replies to your
+personal address.
+</p><div class="note" title="Note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+The Mail-Followup-To header is a non-standard extension which is not
+supported by all mail user agents. Adding it is not bullet-proof
+against receiving personal CCs of list messages. Also note that the
+generation of the Mail-Followup-To header is controlled by the <a class="link" href="reference.html#followup-to" title="3.68. followup_to">$followup_to</a> configuration variable since
+it's common practice on some mailing lists to send Cc upon replies
+(which is more a group- than a list-reply).
</p></div><p>
-</p><p>
-Mutt has a few nice features for <a href="advancedusage.html#using-lists" title="8. Handling Mailing Lists">handling mailing lists</a>. In order to take advantage of them, you must
-specify which addresses belong to mailing lists, and which mailing
-lists you are subscribed to. Once you have done this, the <a href="gettingstarted.html#list-reply">list-reply</a> function will work for all known lists.
-Additionally, when you send a message to a subscribed list, mutt will
-add a Mail-Followup-To header to tell other users' mail user agents
-not to send copies of replies to your personal address. Note that
-the Mail-Followup-To header is a non-standard extension which is not
-supported by all mail user agents. Adding it is not bullet-proof against
-receiving personal CCs of list messages. Also note that the generation
-of the Mail-Followup-To header is controlled by the <a href="reference.html#followup-to" title="3.60. followup_to">$followup_to</a> configuration variable.
-</p><p>
-More precisely, Mutt maintains lists of patterns for the addresses
-of known and subscribed mailing lists. Every subscribed mailing
-list is known. To mark a mailing list as known, use the ``lists''
-command. To mark it as subscribed, use ``subscribe''.
-</p><p>
-You can use regular expressions with both commands. To mark all
-messages sent to a specific bug report's address on mutt's bug
-tracking system as list mail, for instance, you could say
-``subscribe [0-9]*@bugs.guug.de''. Often, it's sufficient to just
-give a portion of the list's e-mail address.
+More precisely, Mutt maintains lists of patterns for the addresses of
+known and subscribed mailing lists. Every subscribed mailing list is
+known. To mark a mailing list as known, use the <span class="command"><strong>list</strong></span>
+command. To mark it as subscribed, use <span class="command"><strong>subscribe</strong></span>.
+</p><p>
+You can use regular expressions with both commands. To mark all messages
+sent to a specific bug report's address on Debian's bug tracking system
+as list mail, for instance, you could say
+</p><pre class="screen">
+subscribe [0-9]*.*@bugs.debian.org</pre><p>
+as it's often sufficient to just give a portion of the list's e-mail
+address.
</p><p>
Specify as much of the address as you need to to remove ambiguity. For
-example, if you've subscribed to the Mutt mailing list, you will receive mail
-addressed to <span class="emphasis"><em>mutt-users@mutt.org</em></span>. So, to tell Mutt
-that this is a mailing list, you could add ``lists mutt-users@'' to your
-initialization file. To tell mutt that you are subscribed to it,
-add ``subscribe mutt-users'' to your initialization file instead.
-If you also happen to get mail from someone whose address is
-<span class="emphasis"><em>mutt-users@example.com</em></span>, you could use
-``lists ^mutt-users@mutt\\.org$''
-or ``subscribe ^mutt-users@mutt\\.org$'' to
-match only mail from the actual list.
-</p><p>
-The <code class="literal">-group</code> flag adds all of the subsequent regular expressions
-to the named group.
-</p><p>
-The ``unlists'' command is used to remove a token from the list of
-known and subscribed mailing-lists. Use ``unlists *'' to remove all
-tokens.
-</p><p>
-To remove a mailing list from the list of subscribed mailing lists,
-but keep it on the list of known mailing lists, use ``unsubscribe''.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="mbox-hook"></a>12. Using Multiple spool mailboxes</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">mbox-hook</code> [!]<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span>
-</p><p>
+example, if you've subscribed to the Mutt mailing list, you will receive
+mail addressed to <code class="literal">mutt-users@mutt.org</code>. So, to tell
+Mutt that this is a mailing list, you could add <code class="literal">lists
+mutt-users@</code> to your initialization file. To tell Mutt that
+you are subscribed to it, add <code class="literal"><span class="command"><strong>subscribe</strong></span>
+mutt-users</code> to your initialization file instead. If you also
+happen to get mail from someone whose address is
+<code class="literal">mutt-users@example.com</code>, you could use
+<code class="literal"><span class="command"><strong>lists</strong></span> ^mutt-users@mutt\\.org$</code> or
+<code class="literal"><span class="command"><strong>subscribe</strong></span> ^mutt-users@mutt\\.org$</code>
+to match only mail from the actual list.
+</p><p>
+The <code class="literal">-group</code> flag adds all of the subsequent regular
+expressions to the named <a class="link" href="configuration.html#addrgroup" title="3. Address Groups">address group</a>
+in addition to adding to the specified address list.
+</p><p>
+The <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">unlists</span>”</span> command is used to remove a token from the
+list of known and subscribed mailing-lists. Use <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">unlists *</span>”</span>
+to remove all tokens.
+</p><p>
+To remove a mailing list from the list of subscribed mailing lists, but
+keep it on the list of known mailing lists, use
+<span class="command"><strong>unsubscribe</strong></span>.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="13. Using Multiple Spool Mailboxes"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="mbox-hook"></a>13. Using Multiple Spool Mailboxes</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">mbox-hook</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>[!]pattern</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>mailbox</code></em>
+ </p></div><p>
This command is used to move read messages from a specified mailbox to a
different mailbox automatically when you quit or change folders.
-<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> is a regular expression specifying the mailbox to treat as a
-``spool'' mailbox and <span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span> specifies where mail should be saved when
+<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> is a regular expression specifying the
+mailbox to treat as a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">spool</span>”</span> mailbox and
+<span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span> specifies where mail should be saved when
read.
</p><p>
-Unlike some of the other <span class="emphasis"><em>hook</em></span> commands, only the <span class="emphasis"><em>first</em></span> matching
-pattern is used (it is not possible to save read mail in more than a single
-mailbox).
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="mailboxes"></a>13. Monitoring incoming mail</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">[un]mailboxes</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>folder</em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>folder</em></span> ... ]
-</p><p>
-This command specifies folders which can receive mail and
-which will be checked for new messages. By default, the
-main menu status bar displays how many of these folders have
-new messages.
-</p><p>
-<code class="literal">folder</code> can either be a local file or directory
+Unlike some of the other <span class="emphasis"><em>hook</em></span> commands, only the
+<span class="emphasis"><em>first</em></span> matching pattern is used (it is not possible
+to save read mail in more than a single mailbox).
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="14. Monitoring Incoming Mail"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="mailboxes"></a>14. Monitoring Incoming Mail</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">mailboxes</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>mailbox</code></em>
+ [
+<em class="replaceable"><code>mailbox</code></em>
+...]<br /><code class="command">unmailboxes</code> {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>mailbox</code></em>
+... }</p></div><p>
+This command specifies folders which can receive mail and which will be
+checked for new messages periodically.
+</p><p>
+<span class="emphasis"><em>folder</em></span> can either be a local file or directory
(Mbox/Mmdf or Maildir/Mh). If Mutt was built with POP and/or IMAP
-support, <code class="literal">folder</code> can also be a POP/IMAP folder
-URL. The URL syntax is described in <a href="optionalfeatures.html#url-syntax" title="1.2. URL syntax">Section 1.2, “URL syntax”</a>,
-POP and IMAP are described in <a href="optionalfeatures.html#pop" title="3. POP3 Support">Section 3, “POP3 Support”</a> and <a href="optionalfeatures.html#imap" title="4. IMAP Support">Section 4, “IMAP Support”</a>
-respectively.
-</p><p>
-When changing folders, pressing <span class="emphasis"><em>space</em></span> will cycle
-through folders with new mail.
-</p><p>
-Pressing TAB in the directory browser will bring up a menu showing the files
-specified by the <code class="literal">mailboxes</code> command, and indicate which contain new
-messages. Mutt will automatically enter this mode when invoked from the
-command line with the <code class="literal">-y</code> option.
-</p><p>
-The ``unmailboxes'' command is used to remove a token from the list
-of folders which receive mail. Use ``unmailboxes *'' to remove all
-tokens.
-</p><p>
-<span class="bold"><strong>Note:</strong></span> the folders in the <code class="literal">mailboxes</code> command are resolved when
-the command is executed, so if these names contain <a href="advancedusage.html#shortcuts" title="7. Mailbox Shortcuts">shortcut characters</a> (such as ``='' and ``!''), any variable
-definition that affect these characters (like <a href="reference.html#folder" title="3.58. folder">$folder</a> and <a href="reference.html#spoolfile" title="3.276. spoolfile">$spoolfile</a>)
-should be executed before the <code class="literal">mailboxes</code> command. If
-none of these shorcuts are used, a local path should be absolute as
-otherwise mutt tries to find it within the current working directory
-from where mutt was started which may not always be desired.
-</p><p>
-For local folders, new mail is detected by comparing access and/or
-modification times of files and folders. The interval in which Mutt
-checks for new mail is defined by
-<a href="reference.html#mail-check" title="3.104. mail_check">$mail_check</a>.
-</p><p>
-Special care is required with Mbox and Mmdf
-folders as Mutt assumes such a folder has new mail if it wasn't
-accessed after it was last modified. Utilities like <code class="literal">biff</code> or
-<code class="literal">frm</code> or any other program which accesses the mailbox might cause
-Mutt to never detect new mail for that mailbox if they do not properly reset the
-access time. Backup tools are another common reason for updated access times.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="my-hdr"></a>14. User defined headers</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage:
-
-<code class="literal">my_hdr</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>string</em></span>
-
-<code class="literal">unmy_hdr</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>field</em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>field</em></span> ... ]
-</p><p>
-The ``my_hdr'' command allows you to create your own header
-fields which will be added to every message you send.
-</p><p>
-For example, if you would like to add an ``Organization:'' header field to
-all of your outgoing messages, you can put the command
-</p><p>
-“<span class="quote">my_hdr Organization: A Really Big Company, Anytown, USA</span>”
-</p><p>
-in your <code class="literal">.muttrc</code>.
-</p><p>
-<span class="bold"><strong>Note:</strong></span> space characters are <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> allowed between the keyword and
-the colon (``:''). The standard for electronic mail (RFC822) says that
-space is illegal there, so Mutt enforces the rule.
-</p><p>
+support, <span class="emphasis"><em>folder</em></span> can also be a POP/IMAP folder
+URL. The URL syntax is described in <a class="xref" href="optionalfeatures.html#url-syntax" title="1.2. URL Syntax">Section 1.2, “URL Syntax”</a>, POP
+and IMAP are described in <a class="xref" href="optionalfeatures.html#pop" title="3. POP3 Support">Section 3, “POP3 Support”</a> and <a class="xref" href="optionalfeatures.html#imap" title="4. IMAP Support">Section 4, “IMAP Support”</a> respectively.
+</p><p>
+Mutt provides a number of advanced features for handling (possibly many)
+folders and new mail within them, please refer to <a class="xref" href="advancedusage.html#new-mail" title="10. New Mail Detection">Section 10, “New Mail Detection”</a> for details (including in what situations and how
+often Mutt checks for new mail).
+</p><p>
+The <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">unmailboxes</span>”</span> command is used to remove a token from
+the list of folders which receive mail. Use <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">unmailboxes *</span>”</span>
+to remove all tokens.
+</p><div class="note" title="Note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+The folders in the <span class="command"><strong>mailboxes</strong></span> command are resolved
+when the command is executed, so if these names contain <a class="link" href="advancedusage.html#shortcuts" title="8. Mailbox Shortcuts">shortcut characters</a> (such as <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">=</span>”</span>
+and <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">!</span>”</span>), any variable definition that affects these
+characters (like <a class="link" href="reference.html#folder" title="3.66. folder">$folder</a> and <a class="link" href="reference.html#spoolfile" title="3.270. spoolfile">$spoolfile</a>) should be set before the
+<span class="command"><strong>mailboxes</strong></span> command. If none of these shortcuts are
+used, a local path should be absolute as otherwise Mutt tries to find it
+relative to the directory from where Mutt was started which may not
+always be desired.
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="15. User-Defined Headers"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="my-hdr"></a>15. User-Defined Headers</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">my_hdr</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em>
+ <br /><code class="command">unmy_hdr</code> {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>field</code></em>
+... }</p></div><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>my_hdr</strong></span> command allows you to create your own
+header fields which will be added to every message you send and appear
+in the editor if <a class="link" href="reference.html#edit-headers" title="3.57. edit_headers">$edit_headers</a> is
+set.
+</p><p>
+For example, if you would like to add an <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Organization:</span>”</span>
+header field to all of your outgoing messages, you can put the command
+something like shown in <a class="xref" href="configuration.html#ex-my-hdr" title="Example 3.11. Defining custom headers">Example 3.11, “Defining custom headers”</a> in your
+<code class="literal">.muttrc</code>.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-my-hdr"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.11. Defining custom headers</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
+my_hdr Organization: A Really Big Company, Anytown, USA
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><div class="note" title="Note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+Space characters are <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> allowed between the
+keyword and the colon (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">:</span>”</span>). The standard for electronic
+mail (RFC2822) says that space is illegal there, so Mutt enforces the
+rule.
+</p></div><p>
If you would like to add a header field to a single message, you should
-either set the <a href="reference.html#edit-headers" title="3.50. edit_headers">$edit_headers</a> variable,
-or use the <span class="emphasis"><em>edit-headers</em></span> function (default: ``E'') in the send-menu so
-that you can edit the header of your message along with the body.
-</p><p>
-To remove user defined header fields, use the ``unmy_hdr''
-command. You may specify an asterisk (``*'') to remove all header
-fields, or the fields to remove. For example, to remove all ``To'' and
-``Cc'' header fields, you could use:
-</p><p>
-“<span class="quote">unmy_hdr to cc</span>”
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="hdr-order"></a>15. Defining the order of headers when viewing messages</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">hdr_order</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>header1</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>header2</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>header3</em></span>
-</p><p>
-With this command, you can specify an order in which mutt will attempt
-to present headers to you when viewing messages.
-</p><p>
-``unhdr_order *'' will clear all previous headers from the order list,
-thus removing the header order effects set by the system-wide startup
-file.
-</p><p>
-
+either set the <a class="link" href="reference.html#edit-headers" title="3.57. edit_headers">$edit_headers</a>
+variable, or use the <code class="literal"><edit-headers></code> function
+(default: <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">E</span>”</span>) in the compose menu so that you can edit the
+header of your message along with the body.
+</p><p>
+To remove user defined header fields, use the
+<span class="command"><strong>unmy_hdr</strong></span> command. You may specify an asterisk
+(<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">*</span>”</span>) to remove all header fields, or the fields to
+remove. For example, to remove all <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">To</span>”</span> and
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Cc</span>”</span> header fields, you could use:
</p><pre class="screen">
-hdr_order From Date: From: To: Cc: Subject:
-</pre><p>
-
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="save-hook"></a>16. Specify default save mailbox</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">save-hook</code> [!]<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span>
+unmy_hdr to cc
+</pre></div><div class="sect1" title="16. Specify Default Save Mailbox"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="save-hook"></a>16. Specify Default Save Mailbox</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">save-hook</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>[!]pattern</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>mailbox</code></em>
This command is used to override the default mailbox used when saving
-messages. <span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span> will be used as the default if the message
-matches <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span>, see <a href="advancedusage.html#pattern-hook">Message Matching in Hooks</a> for information
-on the exact format.
+messages. <span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span> will be used as the default if
+the message matches <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span>, see <a class="xref" href="advancedusage.html#pattern-hook" title="5.1. Message Matching in Hooks">Message Matching in Hooks</a> for information on the exact format.
</p><p>
-To provide more flexibility and good defaults, Mutt applies the
-expandos of <a href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.100. index_format">$index_format</a> to
+To provide more flexibility and good defaults, Mutt applies the expandos
+of <a class="link" href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.114. index_format">$index_format</a> to
<span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span> after it was expanded.
-</p><p>
-Examples:
-</p><p>
-
-</p><pre class="screen">
-# default: save all to ~/Mail/<author name>
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-save-hook-exando"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.12. Using %-expandos in <span class="command">save-hook</span></b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
+<span class="comment"># default: save all to ~/Mail/<author name></span>
save-hook . ~/Mail/%F
-# save from me@turing.cs.hmc.edu/me@cs.hmc.edu to $folder/elinks
+
+<span class="comment"># save from me@turing.cs.hmc.edu and me@cs.hmc.edu to $folder/elkins</span>
save-hook me@(turing\\.)?cs\\.hmc\\.edu$ +elkins
-# save from aol.com to $folder/spam
-save-hook aol\\.com$ +spam
-</pre><p>
-</p><p>
-Also see the <a href="configuration.html#fcc-save-hook" title="18. Specify default save filename and default Fcc: mailbox at once">fcc-save-hook</a> command.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="fcc-hook"></a>17. Specify default Fcc: mailbox when composing</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">fcc-hook</code> [!]<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span>
-</p><p>
-This command is used to save outgoing mail in a mailbox other than
-<a href="reference.html#record" title="3.239. record">$record</a>. Mutt searches the initial list of
-message recipients for the first matching <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span> and uses <span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span>
-as the default Fcc: mailbox. If no match is found the message will be saved
-to <a href="reference.html#record" title="3.239. record">$record</a> mailbox.
+<span class="comment"># save from aol.com to $folder/spam</span>
+save-hook aol\\.com$ +spam
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+Also see the <a class="link" href="configuration.html#fcc-save-hook" title="18. Specify Default Save Filename and Default Fcc: Mailbox at Once"><span class="command"><strong>fcc-save-hook</strong></span></a> command.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="17. Specify Default Fcc: Mailbox When Composing"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="fcc-hook"></a>17. Specify Default Fcc: Mailbox When Composing</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">fcc-hook</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>[!]pattern</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>mailbox</code></em>
+ </p></div><p>
+This command is used to save outgoing mail in a mailbox other than <a class="link" href="reference.html#record" title="3.212. record">$record</a>. Mutt searches the initial list of
+message recipients for the first matching <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span>
+and uses <span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span> as the default Fcc: mailbox. If
+no match is found the message will be saved to <a class="link" href="reference.html#record" title="3.212. record">$record</a> mailbox.
</p><p>
To provide more flexibility and good defaults, Mutt applies the
-expandos of <a href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.100. index_format">$index_format</a> to
+expandos of <a class="link" href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.114. index_format">$index_format</a> to
<span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span> after it was expanded.
</p><p>
-See <a href="advancedusage.html#pattern-hook">Message Matching in Hooks</a> for information on the exact format of <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span>.
-</p><p>
-Example: <code class="literal">fcc-hook [@.]aol\\.com$ +spammers</code>
-</p><p>
-The above will save a copy of all messages going to the aol.com domain to
-the `+spammers' mailbox by default. Also see the <a href="configuration.html#fcc-save-hook" title="18. Specify default save filename and default Fcc: mailbox at once">fcc-save-hook</a> command.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="fcc-save-hook"></a>18. Specify default save filename and default Fcc: mailbox at once</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">fcc-save-hook</code> [!]<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span>
-</p><p>
-This command is a shortcut, equivalent to doing both a <a href="configuration.html#fcc-hook" title="17. Specify default Fcc: mailbox when composing">fcc-hook</a>
-and a <a href="configuration.html#save-hook" title="16. Specify default save mailbox">save-hook</a> with its arguments,
-including %-expansion on <span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span> according
-to <a href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.100. index_format">$index_format</a>.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="send-hook"></a>19. Change settings based upon message recipients</h2></div></div></div><p>
-</p><div class="literallayout"><p><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">reply-hook</code> [!]<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>command</em></span><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">send-hook</code> [!]<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>command</em></span><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">send2-hook</code> [!]<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>command</em></span><br />
+See <a class="xref" href="advancedusage.html#pattern-hook" title="5.1. Message Matching in Hooks">Message Matching in Hooks</a> for information on the exact format
+of <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span>.
+</p><pre class="screen">fcc-hook [@.]aol\\.com$ +spammers</pre><p>
+...will save a copy of all messages going to the aol.com domain to the
+`+spammers' mailbox by default. Also see the <a class="link" href="configuration.html#fcc-save-hook" title="18. Specify Default Save Filename and Default Fcc: Mailbox at Once"><span class="command"><strong>fcc-save-hook</strong></span></a> command.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="18. Specify Default Save Filename and Default Fcc: Mailbox at Once"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="fcc-save-hook"></a>18. Specify Default Save Filename and Default Fcc: Mailbox at Once</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">fcc-save-hook</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>[!]pattern</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>mailbox</code></em>
+ </p></div><p>
+This command is a shortcut, equivalent to doing both a <a class="link" href="configuration.html#fcc-hook" title="17. Specify Default Fcc: Mailbox When Composing"><span class="command"><strong>fcc-hook</strong></span></a> and a <a class="link" href="configuration.html#save-hook" title="16. Specify Default Save Mailbox"><span class="command"><strong>save-hook</strong></span></a> with its
+arguments, including %-expansion on <span class="emphasis"><em>mailbox</em></span>
+according to <a class="link" href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.114. index_format">$index_format</a>.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="19. Change Settings Based Upon Message Recipients"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="send-hook"></a>19. Change Settings Based Upon Message Recipients</h2></div></div></div><a id="reply-hook"></a><a id="send2-hook"></a><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">reply-hook</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>[!]pattern</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>command</code></em>
+ <br /><code class="command">send-hook</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>[!]pattern</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>command</code></em>
+ <br /><code class="command">send2-hook</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>[!]pattern</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>command</code></em>
+ </p></div><p>
+These commands can be used to execute arbitrary configuration commands
+based upon recipients of the message. <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> is
+used to match the message, see <a class="xref" href="advancedusage.html#pattern-hook" title="5.1. Message Matching in Hooks">Message Matching in Hooks</a> for
+details. <span class="emphasis"><em>command</em></span> is executed when
+<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> matches.
+</p><p>
+<span class="command"><strong>reply-hook</strong></span> is matched against the message you are
+<span class="emphasis"><em>replying to</em></span>, instead of the message you are
+<span class="emphasis"><em>sending</em></span>. <span class="command"><strong>send-hook</strong></span> is matched
+against all messages, both <span class="emphasis"><em>new</em></span> and
+<span class="emphasis"><em>replies</em></span>.
+</p><div class="note" title="Note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+<span class="command"><strong>reply-hook</strong></span>s are matched <span class="emphasis"><em>before</em></span>
+the <span class="command"><strong>send-hook</strong></span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>regardless</em></span> of the
+order specified in the user's configuration file.
</p></div><p>
+<span class="command"><strong>send2-hook</strong></span> is matched every time a message is
+changed, either by editing it, or by using the compose menu to change
+its recipients or subject. <span class="command"><strong>send2-hook</strong></span> is executed
+after <span class="command"><strong>send-hook</strong></span>, and can, e.g., be used to set
+parameters such as the <a class="link" href="reference.html#sendmail" title="3.231. sendmail">$sendmail</a>
+variable depending on the message's sender address.
</p><p>
-These commands can be used to execute arbitrary configuration commands based
-upon recipients of the message. <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> is a regular expression
-matching the desired address. <span class="emphasis"><em>command</em></span> is executed when <span class="emphasis"><em>regexp</em></span>
-matches recipients of the message.
-</p><p>
-<code class="literal">reply-hook</code> is matched against the message you are <span class="emphasis"><em>replying</em></span>
-<span class="bold"><strong>to</strong></span>, instead of the message you are <span class="emphasis"><em>sending</em></span>. <code class="literal">send-hook</code> is
-matched against all messages, both <span class="emphasis"><em>new</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>replies</em></span>. <span class="bold"><strong>Note:</strong></span>
-<code class="literal">reply-hook</code>s are matched <span class="bold"><strong>before</strong></span> the <code class="literal">send-hook</code>, <span class="bold"><strong>regardless</strong></span>
-of the order specified in the user's configuration file.
-</p><p>
-<code class="literal">send2-hook</code> is matched every time a message is changed, either
-by editing it, or by using the compose menu to change its recipients
-or subject. <code class="literal">send2-hook</code> is executed after <code class="literal">send-hook</code>, and
-can, e.g., be used to set parameters such as the <a href="reference.html#sendmail" title="3.257. sendmail">$sendmail</a> variable depending on the message's sender
-address.
-</p><p>
-For each type of <code class="literal">send-hook</code> or <code class="literal">reply-hook</code>, when multiple matches
-occur, commands are executed in the order they are specified in the muttrc
-(for that type of hook).
-</p><p>
-See <a href="advancedusage.html#pattern-hook">Message Matching in Hooks</a> for information on the exact format of <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span>.
+For each type of <span class="command"><strong>send-hook</strong></span> or
+<span class="command"><strong>reply-hook</strong></span>, when multiple matches occur, commands are
+executed in the order they are specified in the
+<code class="literal">.muttrc</code> (for that type of hook).
</p><p>
-Example: <code class="literal">send-hook mutt "set mime_forward signature=''"</code>
+Example: <code class="literal"><span class="command"><strong>send-hook</strong></span> mutt
+"<span class="command"><strong>set</strong></span> mime_forward signature=''"</code>
</p><p>
Another typical use for this command is to change the values of the
-<a href="reference.html#attribution" title="3.16. attribution">$attribution</a>, <a href="reference.html#signature" title="3.262. signature">$signature</a> and <a href="reference.html#locale" title="3.103. locale">$locale</a>
-variables in order to change the language of the attributions and
-signatures based upon the recipients.
-</p><p>
-<span class="bold"><strong>Note:</strong></span> the send-hook's are only executed ONCE after getting the initial
-list of recipients. Adding a recipient after replying or editing the
-message will NOT cause any send-hook to be executed. Also note that
-my_hdr commands which modify recipient headers, or the message's
-subject, don't have any effect on the current message when executed
-from a send-hook.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="message-hook"></a>20. Change settings before formatting a message</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">message-hook</code> [!]<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>command</em></span>
-</p><p>
+<a class="link" href="reference.html#attribution" title="3.16. attribution">$attribution</a>, <a class="link" href="reference.html#signature" title="3.236. signature">$signature</a> and <a class="link" href="reference.html#locale" title="3.117. locale">$locale</a> variables in order to change the
+language of the attributions and signatures based upon the recipients.
+</p><div class="note" title="Note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+<span class="command"><strong>send-hook</strong></span>'s are only executed once after getting the
+initial list of recipients. Adding a recipient after replying or
+editing the message will not cause any <span class="command"><strong>send-hook</strong></span> to
+be executed, similarly if <a class="link" href="reference.html#autoedit" title="3.18. autoedit">$autoedit</a> is
+set (as then the initial list of recipients is empty). Also note that
+<a class="link" href="configuration.html#my-hdr" title="15. User-Defined Headers"><span class="command"><strong>my_hdr</strong></span></a> commands which
+modify recipient headers, or the message's subject, don't have any
+effect on the current message when executed from a
+<span class="command"><strong>send-hook</strong></span>.
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="20. Change Settings Before Formatting a Message"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="message-hook"></a>20. Change Settings Before Formatting a Message</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">message-hook</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>[!]pattern</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>command</code></em>
+ </p></div><p>
This command can be used to execute arbitrary configuration commands
-before viewing or formatting a message based upon information about the message.
-<span class="emphasis"><em>command</em></span> is executed if the <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> matches the message to be
-displayed. When multiple matches occur, commands are executed in the order
-they are specified in the muttrc.
+before viewing or formatting a message based upon information about the
+message. <span class="emphasis"><em>command</em></span> is executed if the
+<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> matches the message to be displayed. When
+multiple matches occur, commands are executed in the order they are
+specified in the <code class="literal">.muttrc</code>.
</p><p>
-See <a href="advancedusage.html#pattern-hook">Message Matching in Hooks</a> for
-information on the exact format of <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span>.
+See <a class="xref" href="advancedusage.html#pattern-hook" title="5.1. Message Matching in Hooks">Message Matching in Hooks</a> for information on the exact format
+of <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span>.
</p><p>
Example:
-
</p><pre class="screen">
message-hook ~A 'set pager=builtin'
message-hook '~f freshmeat-news' 'set pager="less \"+/^ subject: .*\""'
-</pre><p>
-
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="crypt-hook"></a>21. Choosing the cryptographic key of the recipient</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">crypt-hook</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>keyid</em></span>
-</p><p>
-When encrypting messages with PGP or OpenSSL, you may want to associate a certain
-key with a given e-mail address automatically, either because the
-recipient's public key can't be deduced from the destination address,
-or because, for some reasons, you need to override the key Mutt would
-normally use. The crypt-hook command provides a method by which you can
-specify the ID of the public key to be used when encrypting messages to
-a certain recipient.
-</p><p>
-The meaning of "key id" is to be taken broadly in this context: You
-can either put a numerical key ID here, an e-mail address, or even
-just a real name.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="push"></a>22. Adding key sequences to the keyboard buffer</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">push</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>string</em></span>
-</p><p>
-This command adds the named string to the keyboard buffer. The string may
-contain control characters, key names and function names like the sequence
-string in the <a href="configuration.html#macro" title="7. Keyboard macros">macro</a> command. You may use it to
-automatically run a sequence of commands at startup, or when entering
-certain folders. For example, the following command will automatically
-collapse all threads when entering a folder:
-
-</p><pre class="screen">
+</pre></div><div class="sect1" title="21. Choosing the Cryptographic Key of the Recipient"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="crypt-hook"></a>21. Choosing the Cryptographic Key of the Recipient</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">crypt-hook</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>keyid</code></em>
+ </p></div><p>
+When encrypting messages with PGP/GnuPG or OpenSSL, you may want to
+associate a certain key with a given e-mail address automatically,
+either because the recipient's public key can't be deduced from the
+destination address, or because, for some reasons, you need to override
+the key Mutt would normally use. The <span class="command"><strong>crypt-hook</strong></span>
+command provides a method by which you can specify the ID of the public
+key to be used when encrypting messages to a certain recipient.
+</p><p>
+The meaning of <span class="emphasis"><em>keyid</em></span> is to be taken broadly in this
+context: You can either put a numerical key ID here, an e-mail address,
+or even just a real name.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="22. Adding Key Sequences to the Keyboard Buffer"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="push"></a>22. Adding Key Sequences to the Keyboard Buffer</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">push</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em>
+ </p></div><p>
+This command adds the named string to the keyboard buffer. The string
+may contain control characters, key names and function names like the
+sequence string in the <a class="link" href="configuration.html#macro" title="8. Keyboard Macros">macro</a> command. You
+may use it to automatically run a sequence of commands at startup, or
+when entering certain folders. For example, <a class="xref" href="configuration.html#ex-folder-hook-push" title="Example 3.13. Embedding push in folder-hook">Example 3.13, “Embedding <span class="command">push</span> in <span class="command">folder-hook</span>”</a> shows how to automatically collapse all
+threads when entering a folder.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-folder-hook-push"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.13. Embedding <span class="command">push</span> in <span class="command">folder-hook</span></b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
folder-hook . 'push <collapse-all>'
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+For using functions like shown in the example, it's important to use
+angle brackets (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote"><</span>”</span> and <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">></span>”</span>) to make
+Mutt recognize the input as a function name. Otherwise it will simulate
+individual just keystrokes, i.e. <span class="quote">“<span class="quote"><code class="literal">push
+collapse-all</code></span>”</span> would be interpreted as if you had typed
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">c</span>”</span>, followed by <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">o</span>”</span>, followed by
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">l</span>”</span>, ..., which is not desired and may lead to very
+unexpected behavior.
+</p><p>
+Keystrokes can be used, too, but are less portable because of
+potentially changed key bindings. With default bindings, this is
+equivalent to the above example:
+</p><pre class="screen">
+folder-hook . 'push \eV'
</pre><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="exec"></a>23. Executing functions</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">exec</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>function</em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>function</em></span> ... ]
-</p><p>
-This command can be used to execute any function. Functions are
-listed in the <a href="reference.html#functions" title="4. Functions">function reference</a>.
-``exec function'' is equivalent to ``push <function>''.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="score-command"></a>24. Message Scoring</h2></div></div></div><p>
-</p><div class="literallayout"><p><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">score</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>value</em></span><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">unscore</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> [ <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> ... ]<br />
-</p></div><p>
-</p><p>
-The <code class="literal">score</code> commands adds <span class="emphasis"><em>value</em></span> to a message's score if <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span>
-matches it. <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> is a string in the format described in the <a href="advancedusage.html#patterns" title="2. Patterns: Searching, Limiting and Tagging">patterns</a> section (note: For efficiency reasons, patterns
-which scan information not available in the index, such as <code class="literal">˜b</code>,
-<code class="literal">˜B</code> or <code class="literal">˜h</code>, may not be used). <span class="emphasis"><em>value</em></span> is a
-positive or negative integer. A message's final score is the sum total of all
-matching <code class="literal">score</code> entries. However, you may optionally prefix <span class="emphasis"><em>value</em></span> with
-an equal sign (=) to cause evaluation to stop at a particular entry if there is
-a match. Negative final scores are rounded up to 0.
-</p><p>
-The <code class="literal">unscore</code> command removes score entries from the list. You <span class="bold"><strong>must</strong></span>
-specify the same pattern specified in the <code class="literal">score</code> command for it to be
-removed. The pattern ``*'' is a special token which means to clear the list
-of all score entries.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="spam"></a>25. Spam detection</h2></div></div></div><p>
-</p><div class="literallayout"><p><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">spam</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>format</em></span><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">nospam</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span><br />
-</p></div><p>
-</p><p>
-Mutt has generalized support for external spam-scoring filters.
-By defining your spam patterns with the <code class="literal">spam</code> and <code class="literal">nospam</code>
-commands, you can <span class="emphasis"><em>limit</em></span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>search</em></span>, and <span class="emphasis"><em>sort</em></span> your
-mail based on its spam attributes, as determined by the external
-filter. You also can display the spam attributes in your index
-display using the <code class="literal">%H</code> selector in the <a href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.100. index_format">$index_format</a> variable. (Tip: try <code class="literal">%?H?[%H] ?</code>
-to display spam tags only when they are defined for a given message.)
+because it simulates that Esc+V was pressed (which is the default
+binding of <code class="literal"><collapse-all></code>).
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="23. Executing Functions"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="exec"></a>23. Executing Functions</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">exec</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>function</code></em>
+ [
+<em class="replaceable"><code>function</code></em>
+...]</p></div><p>
+This command can be used to execute any function. Functions are listed
+in the <a class="link" href="reference.html#functions" title="4. Functions">function reference</a>.
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote"><span class="command"><strong>exec</strong></span> <code class="literal">function</code></span>”</span> is
+equivalent to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote"><code class="literal">push <function></code></span>”</span>.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="24. Message Scoring"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="score-command"></a>24. Message Scoring</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">score</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>value</code></em>
+ <br /><code class="command">unscore</code> {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
+... }</p></div><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>score</strong></span> commands adds <span class="emphasis"><em>value</em></span> to
+a message's score if <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> matches it.
+<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> is a string in the format described in the
+<a class="link" href="advancedusage.html#patterns" title="3. Patterns: Searching, Limiting and Tagging">patterns</a> section (note: For efficiency
+reasons, patterns which scan information not available in the index,
+such as <code class="literal">~b</code>, <code class="literal">~B</code> or
+<code class="literal">~h</code>, may not be used). <span class="emphasis"><em>value</em></span> is
+a positive or negative integer. A message's final score is the sum
+total of all matching <span class="command"><strong>score</strong></span> entries. However, you
+may optionally prefix <span class="emphasis"><em>value</em></span> with an equal sign
+(<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">=</span>”</span>) to cause evaluation to stop at a particular entry if
+there is a match. Negative final scores are rounded up to 0.
+</p><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>unscore</strong></span> command removes score entries from the
+list. You <span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> specify the same pattern specified
+in the <span class="command"><strong>score</strong></span> command for it to be removed. The
+pattern <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">*</span>”</span> is a special token which means to clear the
+list of all score entries.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="25. Spam Detection"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="spam"></a>25. Spam Detection</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">spam</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
+
+<em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em>
+ <br /><code class="command">nospam</code> {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
+ }</p></div><p>
+Mutt has generalized support for external spam-scoring filters. By
+defining your spam patterns with the <span class="command"><strong>spam</strong></span> and
+<code class="literal">nospam</code> commands, you can <span class="emphasis"><em>limit</em></span>,
+<span class="emphasis"><em>search</em></span>, and <span class="emphasis"><em>sort</em></span> your mail
+based on its spam attributes, as determined by the external filter. You
+also can display the spam attributes in your index display using the
+<code class="literal">%H</code> selector in the <a class="link" href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.114. index_format">$index_format</a> variable. (Tip: try
+<code class="literal">%?H?[%H] ?</code> to display spam tags only when they are
+defined for a given message.)
</p><p>
Your first step is to define your external filter's spam patterns using
-the <code class="literal">spam</code> command. <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> should be a regular expression
-that matches a header in a mail message. If any message in the mailbox
-matches this regular expression, it will receive a ``spam tag'' or
-``spam attribute'' (unless it also matches a <code class="literal">nospam</code> pattern -- see
-below.) The appearance of this attribute is entirely up to you, and is
-governed by the <span class="emphasis"><em>format</em></span> parameter. <span class="emphasis"><em>format</em></span> can be any static
-text, but it also can include back-references from the <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span>
-expression. (A regular expression ``back-reference'' refers to a
-sub-expression contained within parentheses.) <code class="literal">%1</code> is replaced with
-the first back-reference in the regex, <code class="literal">%2</code> with the second, etc.
-</p><p>
-If you're using multiple spam filters, a message can have more than
-one spam-related header. You can define <code class="literal">spam</code> patterns for each
-filter you use. If a message matches two or more of these patterns, and
-the $spam_separator variable is set to a string, then the
-message's spam tag will consist of all the <span class="emphasis"><em>format</em></span> strings joined
-together, with the value of $spam_separator separating
-them.
-</p><p>
-For example, suppose I use DCC, SpamAssassin, and PureMessage. I might
-define these spam settings:
-
-</p><pre class="screen">
+the <span class="command"><strong>spam</strong></span> command. <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> should
+be a regular expression that matches a header in a mail message. If any
+message in the mailbox matches this regular expression, it will receive
+a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">spam tag</span>”</span> or <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">spam attribute</span>”</span> (unless it
+also matches a <span class="command"><strong>nospam</strong></span> pattern — see below.) The
+appearance of this attribute is entirely up to you, and is governed by
+the <span class="emphasis"><em>format</em></span> parameter. <span class="emphasis"><em>format</em></span>
+can be any static text, but it also can include back-references from the
+<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> expression. (A regular expression
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">back-reference</span>”</span> refers to a sub-expression contained
+within parentheses.) <code class="literal">%1</code> is replaced with the first
+back-reference in the regex, <code class="literal">%2</code> with the second, etc.
+</p><p>
+To match spam tags, mutt needs the corresponding header information
+which is always the case for local and POP folders but not for IMAP in
+the default configuration. Depending on the spam header to be analyzed,
+<a class="link" href="reference.html#imap-headers" title="3.99. imap_headers">$imap_headers</a> may need to be
+adjusted.
+</p><p>
+If you're using multiple spam filters, a message can have more than one
+spam-related header. You can define <span class="command"><strong>spam</strong></span> patterns for
+each filter you use. If a message matches two or more of these patterns,
+and the <a class="link" href="reference.html#spam-separator" title="3.269. spam_separator">$spam_separator</a> variable
+is set to a string, then the message's spam tag will consist of all the
+<span class="emphasis"><em>format</em></span> strings joined together, with the value of
+<a class="link" href="reference.html#spam-separator" title="3.269. spam_separator">$spam_separator</a> separating them.
+</p><p>
+For example, suppose one uses DCC, SpamAssassin, and PureMessage, then
+the configuration might look like in <a class="xref" href="configuration.html#ex-spam" title="Example 3.14. Configuring spam detection">Example 3.14, “Configuring spam detection”</a>.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-spam"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.14. Configuring spam detection</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
spam "X-DCC-.*-Metrics:.*(....)=many" "90+/DCC-%1"
spam "X-Spam-Status: Yes" "90+/SA"
spam "X-PerlMX-Spam: .*Probability=([0-9]+)%" "%1/PM"
set spam_separator=", "
-</pre><p>
-
-</p><p>
-If I then received a message that DCC registered with ``many'' hits
-under the ``Fuz2'' checksum, and that PureMessage registered with a
-97% probability of being spam, that message's spam tag would read
-<code class="literal">90+/DCC-Fuz2, 97/PM</code>. (The four characters before ``=many'' in a
-DCC report indicate the checksum used -- in this case, ``Fuz2''.)
-</p><p>
-If the $spam_separator variable is unset, then each
-spam pattern match supersedes the previous one. Instead of getting
-joined <span class="emphasis"><em>format</em></span> strings, you'll get only the last one to match.
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+If then a message is received that DCC registered with
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">many</span>”</span> hits under the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Fuz2</span>”</span> checksum, and
+that PureMessage registered with a 97% probability of being spam, that
+message's spam tag would read <code class="literal">90+/DCC-Fuz2,
+97/PM</code>. (The four characters before <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">=many</span>”</span> in a
+DCC report indicate the checksum used — in this case,
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Fuz2</span>”</span>.)
+</p><p>
+If the <a class="link" href="reference.html#spam-separator" title="3.269. spam_separator">$spam_separator</a> variable is
+unset, then each spam pattern match supersedes the previous one. Instead
+of getting joined <span class="emphasis"><em>format</em></span> strings, you'll get only
+the last one to match.
</p><p>
The spam tag is what will be displayed in the index when you use
-<code class="literal">%H</code> in the <code class="literal">$index_format</code> variable. It's also the
-string that the <code class="literal">˜H</code> pattern-matching expression matches against for
-<span class="emphasis"><em>search</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>limit</em></span> functions. And it's what sorting by spam
-attribute will use as a sort key.
+<code class="literal">%H</code> in the <a class="link" href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.114. index_format">$index_format</a> variable. It's also the
+string that the <code class="literal">~H</code> pattern-matching expression
+matches against for <code class="literal"><search></code> and
+<code class="literal"><limit></code> functions. And it's what sorting by
+spam attribute will use as a sort key.
</p><p>
That's a pretty complicated example, and most people's actual
environments will have only one spam filter. The simpler your
-configuration, the more effective mutt can be, especially when it comes
+configuration, the more effective Mutt can be, especially when it comes
to sorting.
</p><p>
-Generally, when you sort by spam tag, mutt will sort <span class="emphasis"><em>lexically</em></span> --
-that is, by ordering strings alphanumerically. However, if a spam tag
-begins with a number, mutt will sort numerically first, and lexically
-only when two numbers are equal in value. (This is like UNIX's
-<code class="literal">sort -n</code>.) A message with no spam attributes at all -- that is, one
-that didn't match <span class="emphasis"><em>any</em></span> of your <code class="literal">spam</code> patterns -- is sorted at
-lowest priority. Numbers are sorted next, beginning with 0 and ranging
-upward. Finally, non-numeric strings are sorted, with ``a'' taking lower
-priority than ``z''. Clearly, in general, sorting by spam tags is most
-effective when you can coerce your filter to give you a raw number. But
-in case you can't, mutt can still do something useful.
-</p><p>
-The <code class="literal">nospam</code> command can be used to write exceptions to <code class="literal">spam</code>
-patterns. If a header pattern matches something in a <code class="literal">spam</code> command,
-but you nonetheless do not want it to receive a spam tag, you can list a
-more precise pattern under a <code class="literal">nospam</code> command.
-</p><p>
-If the <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> given to <code class="literal">nospam</code> is exactly the same as the
-<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> on an existing <code class="literal">spam</code> list entry, the effect will be to
-remove the entry from the spam list, instead of adding an exception.
-Likewise, if the <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> for a <code class="literal">spam</code> command matches an entry
-on the <code class="literal">nospam</code> list, that <code class="literal">nospam</code> entry will be removed. If the
-<span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> for <code class="literal">nospam</code> is ``*'', <span class="emphasis"><em>all entries on both lists</em></span>
-will be removed. This might be the default action if you use <code class="literal">spam</code>
-and <code class="literal">nospam</code> in conjunction with a <code class="literal">folder-hook</code>.
-</p><p>
-You can have as many <code class="literal">spam</code> or <code class="literal">nospam</code> commands as you like.
-You can even do your own primitive spam detection within mutt -- for
-example, if you consider all mail from <code class="literal">MAILER-DAEMON</code> to be spam,
-you can use a <code class="literal">spam</code> command like this:
-</p><p>
-
+Generally, when you sort by spam tag, Mutt will sort
+<span class="emphasis"><em>lexically</em></span> — that is, by ordering strings
+alphanumerically. However, if a spam tag begins with a number, Mutt will
+sort numerically first, and lexically only when two numbers are equal in
+value. (This is like UNIX's <code class="literal">sort -n</code>.) A message with
+no spam attributes at all — that is, one that didn't match
+<span class="emphasis"><em>any</em></span> of your <span class="command"><strong>spam</strong></span> patterns
+— is sorted at lowest priority. Numbers are sorted next, beginning
+with 0 and ranging upward. Finally, non-numeric strings are sorted, with
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">a</span>”</span> taking lower priority than <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">z</span>”</span>. Clearly,
+in general, sorting by spam tags is most effective when you can coerce
+your filter to give you a raw number. But in case you can't, Mutt can
+still do something useful.
+</p><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>nospam</strong></span> command can be used to write exceptions to
+<span class="command"><strong>spam</strong></span> patterns. If a header pattern matches something
+in a <span class="command"><strong>spam</strong></span> command, but you nonetheless do not want it
+to receive a spam tag, you can list a more precise pattern under a
+<span class="command"><strong>nospam</strong></span> command.
+</p><p>
+If the <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> given to <span class="command"><strong>nospam</strong></span>
+is exactly the same as the <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> on an existing
+<span class="command"><strong>spam</strong></span> list entry, the effect will be to remove the
+entry from the spam list, instead of adding an exception. Likewise, if
+the <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> for a <span class="command"><strong>spam</strong></span> command
+matches an entry on the <span class="command"><strong>nospam</strong></span> list, that nospam
+entry will be removed. If the <span class="emphasis"><em>pattern</em></span> for
+<span class="command"><strong>nospam</strong></span> is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">*</span>”</span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>all entries on
+both lists</em></span> will be removed. This might be the default action
+if you use <span class="command"><strong>spam</strong></span> and <span class="command"><strong>nospam</strong></span> in
+conjunction with a <span class="command"><strong>folder-hook</strong></span>.
+</p><p>
+You can have as many <span class="command"><strong>spam</strong></span> or
+<span class="command"><strong>nospam</strong></span> commands as you like. You can even do your
+own primitive <span class="command"><strong>spam</strong></span> detection within Mutt — for
+example, if you consider all mail from <code class="literal">MAILER-DAEMON</code>
+to be spam, you can use a <span class="command"><strong>spam</strong></span> command like this:
</p><pre class="screen">
spam "^From: .*MAILER-DAEMON" "999"
-</pre><p>
-
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="set"></a>26. Setting and Querying Variables</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="set-commands"></a>26.1. Commands</h3></div></div></div><p>
+</pre></div><div class="sect1" title="26. Setting and Querying Variables"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="set"></a>26. Setting and Querying Variables</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" title="26.1. Variable Types"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="var-types"></a>26.1. Variable Types</h3></div></div></div><p>
+Mutt supports these types of configuration variables:
+</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">boolean</span></dt><dd><p>
+A boolean expression, either <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">yes</span>”</span> or <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">no</span>”</span>.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term">number</span></dt><dd><p>
+A signed integer number in the range -32768 to 32767.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term">string</span></dt><dd><p>
+Arbitrary text.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term">path</span></dt><dd><p>
+A specialized string for representing paths including support for
+mailbox shortcuts (see <a class="xref" href="advancedusage.html#shortcuts" title="8. Mailbox Shortcuts">Section 8, “Mailbox Shortcuts”</a>) as well as tilde
+(<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">~</span>”</span>) for a user's home directory and more.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term">quadoption</span></dt><dd><p>
+Like a boolean but triggers a prompt when set to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">ask-yes</span>”</span>
+or <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">ask-no</span>”</span> with <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">yes</span>”</span> and <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">no</span>”</span>
+preselected respectively.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term">sort order</span></dt><dd><p>
+A specialized string allowing only particular words as values depending
+on the variable.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term">regular expression</span></dt><dd><p>
+A regular expression, see <a class="xref" href="advancedusage.html#regexp" title="2. Regular Expressions">Section 2, “Regular Expressions”</a> for an introduction.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term">folder magic</span></dt><dd><p>
+Specifies the type of folder to use: <span class="emphasis"><em>mbox</em></span>,
+<span class="emphasis"><em>mmdf</em></span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>mh</em></span> or
+<span class="emphasis"><em>maildir</em></span>. Currently only used to determine the type
+for newly created folders.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term">e-mail address</span></dt><dd><p>
+An e-mail address either with or without realname. The older
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote"><code class="literal">user@example.org (Joe User)</code></span>”</span> form is
+supported but strongly deprecated.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term">user-defined</span></dt><dd><p>
+Arbitrary text, see <a class="xref" href="configuration.html#set-myvar" title="26.3. User-Defined Variables">Section 26.3, “User-Defined Variables”</a> for details.
+</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" title="26.2. Commands"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="set-commands"></a>26.2. Commands</h3></div></div></div><p>
The following commands are available to manipulate and query variables:
-</p><p>
-</p><div class="literallayout"><p><br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">set</code> [no|inv]<span class="emphasis"><em>variable</em></span>[=<span class="emphasis"><em>value</em></span>] [ <span class="emphasis"><em>variable</em></span> ... ]<br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">toggle</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>variable</em></span> [<span class="emphasis"><em>variable</em></span> ... ]<br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">unset</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>variable</em></span> [<span class="emphasis"><em>variable</em></span> ... ]<br />
-Usage: <code class="literal">reset</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>variable</em></span> [<span class="emphasis"><em>variable</em></span> ... ]<br />
-</p></div><p>
-</p><p>
-This command is used to set (and unset) <a href="reference.html#variables" title="3. Configuration variables">configuration variables</a>. There are four basic types of variables:
-boolean, number, string and quadoption. <span class="emphasis"><em>boolean</em></span> variables can be
-<span class="emphasis"><em>set</em></span> (true) or <span class="emphasis"><em>unset</em></span> (false). <span class="emphasis"><em>number</em></span> variables can be
-assigned a positive integer value.
-</p><p>
-<span class="emphasis"><em>string</em></span> variables consist of any number of printable characters.
-<span class="emphasis"><em>strings</em></span> must be enclosed in quotes if they contain spaces or tabs. You
-may also use the ``C'' escape sequences <span class="bold"><strong>\n</strong></span> and <span class="bold"><strong>\t</strong></span> for
-newline and tab, respectively.
-</p><p>
-<span class="emphasis"><em>quadoption</em></span> variables are used to control whether or not to be prompted
-for certain actions, or to specify a default action. A value of <span class="emphasis"><em>yes</em></span>
-will cause the action to be carried out automatically as if you had answered
-yes to the question. Similarly, a value of <span class="emphasis"><em>no</em></span> will cause the
-action to be carried out as if you had answered ``no.'' A value of
-<span class="emphasis"><em>ask-yes</em></span> will cause a prompt with a default answer of ``yes'' and
-<span class="emphasis"><em>ask-no</em></span> will provide a default answer of ``no.''
-</p><p>
-Prefixing a variable with ``no'' will unset it. Example: <code class="literal">set noaskbcc</code>.
-</p><p>
-For <span class="emphasis"><em>boolean</em></span> variables, you may optionally prefix the variable name with
-<code class="literal">inv</code> to toggle the value (on or off). This is useful when writing
-macros. Example: <code class="literal">set invsmart_wrap</code>.
-</p><p>
-The <code class="literal">toggle</code> command automatically prepends the <code class="literal">inv</code> prefix to all
-specified variables.
-</p><p>
-The <code class="literal">unset</code> command automatically prepends the <code class="literal">no</code> prefix to all
-specified variables.
-</p><p>
-Using the enter-command function in the <span class="emphasis"><em>index</em></span> menu, you can query the
-value of a variable by prefixing the name of the variable with a question
-mark:
-</p><p>
-
+</p><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">set</code> {
+[ <code class="option">no</code> | <code class="option">inv</code> ]
+<em class="replaceable"><code>variable</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>variable=value</code></em>
+ } [...]<br /><code class="command">toggle</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>variable</code></em>
+ [
+<em class="replaceable"><code>variable</code></em>
+...]<br /><code class="command">unset</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>variable</code></em>
+ [
+<em class="replaceable"><code>variable</code></em>
+...]<br /><code class="command">reset</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>variable</code></em>
+ [
+<em class="replaceable"><code>variable</code></em>
+...]</p></div><p>
+This command is used to set (and unset) <a class="link" href="reference.html#variables" title="3. Configuration Variables">configuration variables</a>. There are four
+basic types of variables: boolean, number, string and quadoption.
+<span class="emphasis"><em>boolean</em></span> variables can be <span class="emphasis"><em>set</em></span>
+(true) or <span class="emphasis"><em>unset</em></span> (false).
+<span class="emphasis"><em>number</em></span> variables can be assigned a positive integer
+value. <span class="emphasis"><em>string</em></span> variables consist of any number of
+printable characters and must be enclosed in quotes if they contain
+spaces or tabs. You may also use the escape sequences <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\n</span>”</span>
+and <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\t</span>”</span> for newline and tab, respectively.
+<span class="emphasis"><em>quadoption</em></span> variables are used to control whether or
+not to be prompted for certain actions, or to specify a default action.
+A value of <span class="emphasis"><em>yes</em></span> will cause the action to be carried
+out automatically as if you had answered yes to the question.
+Similarly, a value of <span class="emphasis"><em>no</em></span> will cause the action to
+be carried out as if you had answered <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">no.</span>”</span> A value of
+<span class="emphasis"><em>ask-yes</em></span> will cause a prompt with a default answer
+of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">yes</span>”</span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>ask-no</em></span> will provide a
+default answer of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">no.</span>”</span>
+</p><p>
+Prefixing a variable with <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">no</span>”</span> will unset it. Example:
+<code class="literal"><span class="command"><strong>set</strong></span> noaskbcc</code>.
+</p><p>
+For <span class="emphasis"><em>boolean</em></span> variables, you may optionally prefix
+the variable name with <code class="literal">inv</code> to toggle the value (on or
+off). This is useful when writing macros. Example:
+<code class="literal"><span class="command"><strong>set</strong></span> invsmart_wrap</code>.
+</p><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>toggle</strong></span> command automatically prepends the
+<code class="literal">inv</code> prefix to all specified variables.
+</p><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>unset</strong></span> command automatically prepends the
+<code class="literal">no</code> prefix to all specified variables.
+</p><p>
+Using the <code class="literal"><enter-command></code> function in the
+<span class="emphasis"><em>index</em></span> menu, you can query the value of a variable
+by prefixing the name of the variable with a question mark:
</p><pre class="screen">
set ?allow_8bit
</pre><p>
-
-</p><p>
-The question mark is actually only required for boolean and quadoption
+The question mark is actually only required for boolean and quadoption
variables.
</p><p>
-The <code class="literal">reset</code> command resets all given variables to the compile time
-defaults (hopefully mentioned in this manual). If you use the command
-<code class="literal">set</code> and prefix the variable with ``&'' this has the same
-behavior as the reset command.
-</p><p>
-With the <code class="literal">reset</code> command there exists the special variable ``all'',
-which allows you to reset all variables to their system defaults.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="set-myvar"></a>26.2. User-defined variables</h3></div></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="set-myvar-intro"></a>26.2.1. Introduction</h4></div></div></div><p>
-Along with the variables listed in the
-<a href="reference.html#variables" title="3. Configuration variables">Configuration variables</a> section, mutt
-supports user-defined variables with names starting
-with <code class="literal">my_</code> as in, for
-example, <code class="literal">my_cfgdir</code>.
-</p><p>
-The <code class="literal">set</code> command creates a
-custom <code class="literal">$my_</code> variable and changes its
-value. The <code class="literal">unset</code> and <code class="literal">reset</code>
+The <span class="command"><strong>reset</strong></span> command resets all given variables to the
+compile time defaults (hopefully mentioned in this manual). If you use
+the command <span class="command"><strong>set</strong></span> and prefix the variable with
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">&</span>”</span> this has the same behavior as the
+<span class="command"><strong>reset</strong></span> command.
+</p><p>
+With the <span class="command"><strong>reset</strong></span> command there exists the special
+variable <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">all</span>”</span>, which allows you to reset all variables to
+their system defaults.
+</p></div><div class="sect2" title="26.3. User-Defined Variables"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="set-myvar"></a>26.3. User-Defined Variables</h3></div></div></div><div class="sect3" title="26.3.1. Introduction"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="set-myvar-intro"></a>26.3.1. Introduction</h4></div></div></div><p>
+Along with the variables listed in the <a class="link" href="reference.html#variables" title="3. Configuration Variables">Configuration variables</a> section, Mutt
+supports user-defined variables with names starting with
+<code class="literal">my_</code> as in, for example, <code class="literal">my_cfgdir</code>.
+</p><p>
+The <span class="command"><strong>set</strong></span> command either creates a custom
+<code class="literal">my_</code> variable or changes its value if it does exist
+already. The <span class="command"><strong>unset</strong></span> and <span class="command"><strong>reset</strong></span>
commands remove the variable entirely.
</p><p>
Since user-defined variables are expanded in the same way that
-environment variables are (except for
-the <a href="gettingstarted.html#shell-escape">shell-escape</a> command), this
-feature can be used to make configuration files more readable.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="set-myvar-examples"></a>26.2.2. Examples</h4></div></div></div><p>
-The following example defines and uses the variable <code class="literal">my_cfgdir</code>
-to abbreviate the calls of the <a href="configuration.html#source" title="27. Reading initialization commands from another file">source</a> command:
-</p><p>
-</p><pre class="screen">
+environment variables are (except for the <a class="link" href="gettingstarted.html#shell-escape">shell-escape</a> command and backtick
+expansion), this feature can be used to make configuration files more
+readable.
+</p></div><div class="sect3" title="26.3.2. Examples"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="set-myvar-examples"></a>26.3.2. Examples</h4></div></div></div><p>
+The following example defines and uses the variable
+<code class="literal">my_cfgdir</code> to abbreviate the calls of the <a class="link" href="configuration.html#source" title="27. Reading Initialization Commands From Another File"><span class="command"><strong>source</strong></span></a> command:
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-myvar1"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.15. Using user-defined variables for config file readability</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
set my_cfgdir = $HOME/mutt/config
source $my_cfgdir/hooks
source $my_cfgdir/macros
-# more source commands...
-</pre><p>
-</p><p>
+<span class="comment"># more source commands...</span>
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
A custom variable can also be used in macros to backup the current value
-of another variable. In the following example, the value of the
-<a href="reference.html#delete" title="3.42. delete">$delete</a> is changed temporarily
-while its original value is saved as <code class="literal">my_delete</code>.
-After the macro has executed all commands, the original value of <a href="reference.html#delete" title="3.42. delete">$delete</a> is restored.
-</p><p>
-</p><pre class="screen">
+of another variable. In the following example, the value of the <a class="link" href="reference.html#delete" title="3.49. delete">$delete</a> is changed temporarily while its
+original value is saved as <code class="literal">my_delete</code>. After the
+macro has executed all commands, the original value of <a class="link" href="reference.html#delete" title="3.49. delete">$delete</a> is restored.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-myvar2"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.16. Using user-defined variables for backing up other config option values</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
macro pager ,x '\
<enter-command>set my_delete=$delete<enter>\
<enter-command>set delete=yes<enter>\
...\
<enter-command>set delete=$my_delete<enter>'
-</pre><p>
-</p><p>
-Since mutt expands such values already when parsing the configuration
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+Since Mutt expands such values already when parsing the configuration
file(s), the value of <code class="literal">$my_delete</code> in the
-last example would be the value of <code class="literal">$delete</code> exactly
+last example would be the value of <a class="link" href="reference.html#delete" title="3.49. delete">$delete</a> exactly
as it was at that point during parsing the configuration file. If
-another statement would change the value for <code class="literal">$delete</code>
+another statement would change the value for <a class="link" href="reference.html#delete" title="3.49. delete">$delete</a>
later in the same or another file, it would have no effect on
<code class="literal">$my_delete</code>. However, the expansion can
be deferred to runtime, as shown in the next example, when escaping the
dollar sign.
-</p><p>
-</p><pre class="screen">
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-myvar3"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.17. Deferring user-defined variable expansion to runtime</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
macro pager <PageDown> "\
<enter-command> set my_old_pager_stop=\$pager_stop pager_stop<Enter>\
<next-page>\
<enter-command> set pager_stop=\$my_old_pager_stop<Enter>\
<enter-command> unset my_old_pager_stop<Enter>"
-</pre><p>
-</p><p>
-Note that there is a space
-between <code class="literal"><enter-command></code> and
-the <code class="literal">set</code> configuration command, preventing mutt from
-recording the macro's commands into its history.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="source"></a>27. Reading initialization commands from another file</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">source</code> <span class="emphasis"><em>filename</em></span>
-</p><p>
-This command allows the inclusion of initialization commands
-from other files. For example, I place all of my aliases in
-<code class="literal">˜/.mail_aliases</code> so that I can make my
-<code class="literal">˜/.muttrc</code> readable and keep my aliases private.
-</p><p>
-If the filename begins with a tilde (``˜''), it will be expanded to the
-path of your home directory.
-</p><p>
-If the filename ends with a vertical bar (|), then <span class="emphasis"><em>filename</em></span> is
-considered to be an executable program from which to read input (eg.
-<code class="literal">source ˜/bin/myscript|</code>).
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="unhook"></a>28. Removing hooks</h2></div></div></div><p>
-Usage: <code class="literal">unhook</code> [ * | <span class="emphasis"><em>hook-type</em></span> ]
-</p><p>
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+Note that there is a space between
+<code class="literal"><enter-command></code> and the <span class="command"><strong>set</strong></span>
+configuration command, preventing Mutt from recording the
+<span class="command"><strong>macro</strong></span>'s commands into its history.
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="26.4. Type Conversions"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="set-conversions"></a>26.4. Type Conversions</h3></div></div></div><p>
+Variables are always assigned string values which Mutt parses into its
+internal representation according to the type of the variable, for
+example an integer number for numeric types. For all queries (including
+$-expansion) the value is converted from its internal type back into
+string. As a result, any variable can be assigned any value given that
+its content is valid for the target. This also counts for custom
+variables which are of type string. In case of parsing errors, Mutt will
+print error messages. <a class="xref" href="configuration.html#ex-myvar4" title="Example 3.18. Type conversions using variables">Example 3.18, “Type conversions using variables”</a> demonstrates type
+conversions.
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-myvar4"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.18. Type conversions using variables</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
+set my_lines = "5" <span class="comment"># value is string "5"</span>
+set pager_index_lines = $my_lines <span class="comment"># value is integer 5</span>
+
+set my_sort = "date-received" <span class="comment"># value is string "date-received"</span>
+set sort = "last-$my_sort" <span class="comment"># value is sort last-date-received</span>
+
+set my_inc = $read_inc <span class="comment"># value is string "10" (default of $read_inc)</span>
+set my_foo = $my_inc <span class="comment"># value is string "10"</span>
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+These assignments are all valid. If, however, the value of
+<code class="literal">$my_lines</code> would have been
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">five</span>”</span> (or something else that cannot be parsed into a
+number), the assignment to
+<code class="literal">$pager_index_lines</code> would have
+produced an error message.
+</p><p>
+Type conversion applies to all configuration commands which take
+arguments. But please note that every expanded value of a variable is
+considered just a single token. A working example is:
+</p><pre class="screen">
+set my_pattern = "~A"
+set my_number = "10"
+
+<span class="comment"># same as: score ~A +10</span>
+score $my_pattern +$my_number</pre><p>
+What does <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> work is:
+</p><pre class="screen">
+set my_mx = "+mailbox1 +mailbox2"
+mailboxes $my_mx +mailbox3</pre><p>
+because the value of <code class="literal">$my_mx</code> is interpreted as a
+single mailbox named <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">+mailbox1 +mailbox2</span>”</span> and not two
+distinct mailboxes.
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="27. Reading Initialization Commands From Another File"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="source"></a>27. Reading Initialization Commands From Another File</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">source</code>
+<em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em>
+ </p></div><p>
+This command allows the inclusion of initialization commands from other
+files. For example, I place all of my aliases in
+<code class="literal">~/.mail_aliases</code> so that I can make my
+<code class="literal">~/.muttrc</code> readable and keep my aliases private.
+</p><p>
+If the filename begins with a tilde (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">~</span>”</span>), it will be
+expanded to the path of your home directory.
+</p><p>
+If the filename ends with a vertical bar (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">|</span>”</span>), then
+<span class="emphasis"><em>filename</em></span> is considered to be an executable program
+from which to read input (e.g. <code class="literal"><span class="command"><strong>source</strong></span>
+~/bin/myscript|</code>).
+</p></div><div class="sect1" title="28. Removing Hooks"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="unhook"></a>28. Removing Hooks</h2></div></div></div><p>Usage:</p><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">unhook</code> {
+<em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em>
+ |
+<em class="replaceable"><code>hook-type</code></em>
+ }</p></div><p>
This command permits you to flush hooks you have previously defined.
-You can either remove all hooks by giving the ``*'' character as an
-argument, or you can remove all hooks of a specific type by saying
-something like <code class="literal">unhook send-hook</code>.
-</p></div><div class="sect1"
lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="formatstrings"></a>29. Format Strings</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="id470510"></a>29.1. Basic usage</h3></div></div></div><p>
+You can either remove all hooks by giving the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">*</span>”</span> character
+as an argument, or you can remove all hooks of a specific type by saying
+something like <code class="literal"><span class="command"><strong>unhook</strong></span> send-hook</code>.
+</p></div><div class="sect1"
title="29. Format Strings"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="formatstrings"></a>29. Format Strings</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" title="29.1. Basic usage"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="formatstrings-basics"></a>29.1. Basic usage</h3></div></div></div><p>
Format strings are a general concept you'll find in several locations
-through the mutt configuration, especially in the
-<a href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.100. index_format">$index_format"</a>,
-<a href="reference.html#pager-format" title="3.139. pager_format">$pager_format"</a>,
-<a href="reference.html#status-format" title="3.278. status_format">$status_format"</a>,
-and other ``*_format'' variables. These can be very straightforward,
-and it's quite possible you already know how to use them.
-</p><p>
-The most basic format string element is a percent symbol followed
-by another character. For example, <code class="literal">%s</code>
-represents a message's Subject: header in the <a href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.100. index_format">$index_format"</a> variable. The
-``expandos'' available are documented with each format variable, but
-there are general modifiers available with all formatting expandos,
-too. Those are our concern here.
-</p><p>
-Some of the modifers are borrowed right out of C (though you might
-know them from Perl, Python, shell, or another langugage). These are
-the [-]m.n modifiers, as in <code class="literal">%-12.12s</code>. As with
-such programming languages, these modifiers allow you to specify the
-minumum and maximum size of the resulting string, as well as its
-justification. If the ``-'' sign follows the percent, the string will
-be left-justified instead of right-justified. If there's a number
-immediately following that, it's the minimum amount of space the
-formatted string will occupy -- if it's naturally smaller than that, it
-will be padded out with spaces. If a decimal point and another number
-follow, that's the maximum space allowable -- the string will not be
-permitted to exceed that width, no matter its natural size. Each of
-these three elements is optional, so that all these are legal format
-strings:
-<code class="literal">%-12s</code>
-<code class="literal">%4c</code>
-<code class="literal">%.15F</code>
-<code class="literal">%-12.15L</code>
+through the Mutt configuration, especially in the <a class="link" href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.114. index_format">$index_format</a>, <a class="link" href="reference.html#pager-format" title="3.151. pager_format">$pager_format</a>, <a class="link" href="reference.html#status-format" title="3.283. status_format">$status_format</a>, and other related
+variables. These can be very straightforward, and it's quite possible
+you already know how to use them.
+</p><p>
+The most basic format string element is a percent symbol followed by
+another character. For example, <code class="literal">%s</code> represents a
+message's Subject: header in the <a class="link" href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.114. index_format">$index_format</a> variable. The
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">expandos</span>”</span> available are documented with each format
+variable, but there are general modifiers available with all formatting
+expandos, too. Those are our concern here.
+</p><p>
+Some of the modifiers are borrowed right out of C (though you might know
+them from Perl, Python, shell, or another language). These are the
+<code class="literal">[-]m.n</code> modifiers, as in
+<code class="literal">%-12.12s</code>. As with such programming languages, these
+modifiers allow you to specify the minimum and maximum size of the
+resulting string, as well as its justification. If the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">-</span>”</span>
+sign follows the percent, the string will be left-justified instead of
+right-justified. If there's a number immediately following that, it's
+the minimum amount of space the formatted string will occupy — if
+it's naturally smaller than that, it will be padded out with spaces. If
+a decimal point and another number follow, that's the maximum space
+allowable — the string will not be permitted to exceed that width,
+no matter its natural size. Each of these three elements is optional, so
+that all these are legal format strings: <code class="literal">%-12s</code>,
+<code class="literal">%4c</code>, <code class="literal">%.15F</code> and
+<code class="literal">%-12.15L</code>.
</p><p>
Mutt adds some other modifiers to format strings. If you use an equals
symbol (<code class="literal">=</code>) as a numeric prefix (like the minus
-above), it will force the string to be centered within its minimum
-space range. For example, <code class="literal">%=14y</code> will reserve 14
-characters for the %y expansion -- that's the X-Label: header, in
-<code class="literal">$index_format</code>. If the expansion
-results in a string less than 14 characters, it will be centered in a
-14-character space. If the X-Label for a message were "test", that
-expansion would look like `` test ''.
+above), it will force the string to be centered within its minimum space
+range. For example, <code class="literal">%=14y</code> will reserve 14 characters
+for the %y expansion — that's the X-Label: header, in <a class="link" href="reference.html#index-format" title="3.114. index_format">$index_format</a>. If the expansion results in
+a string less than 14 characters, it will be centered in a 14-character
+space. If the X-Label for a message were <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">test</span>”</span>, that
+expansion would look like
+<span class="quote">“<span class="quote"> test </span>”</span>.
</p><p>
There are two very little-known modifiers that affect the way that an
-expando is replaced. If there is an underline (``_'') character
-between any format modifiers (as above) and the expando letter, it will
-expands in all lower case. And if you use a colon (``:''), it will
-replace all decimal points with underlines.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="id470640"></a>29.2. Filters</h3></div></div></div><p>
-Any format string ending in a vertical bar (``|'') will be
-expanded and piped through the first word in the string, using spaces
-as separator. The string returned will be used for display.
-If the returned string ends in %, it will be passed through
-the formatter a second time. This allows the filter to generate a
-replacement format string including % expandos.
-</p><p>
-All % expandos in a format string are expanded before the script
-is called so that:
+expando is replaced. If there is an underline (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">_</span>”</span>)
+character between any format modifiers (as above) and the expando
+letter, it will expands in all lower case. And if you use a colon
+(<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">:</span>”</span>), it will replace all decimal points with underlines.
+</p></div><div class="sect2" title="29.2. Conditionals"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="formatstrings-conditionals"></a>29.2. Conditionals</h3></div></div></div><p>
+Depending on the format string variable, some of its sequences can be
+used to optionally print a string if their value is nonzero. For
+example, you may only want to see the number of flagged messages if such
+messages exist, since zero is not particularly meaningful. To optionally
+print a string based upon one of the above sequences, the following
+construct is used:
</p><pre class="screen">
+%?<sequence_char>?<optional_string>?</pre><p>
+where <span class="emphasis"><em>sequence_char</em></span> is an expando, and
+<span class="emphasis"><em>optional_string</em></span> is the string you would like
+printed if <span class="emphasis"><em>sequence_char</em></span> is nonzero.
+<span class="emphasis"><em>optional_string</em></span> may contain other sequences as well
+as normal text, but you may not nest optional strings.
+</p><p>
+Here is an example illustrating how to optionally print the number of
+new messages in a mailbox in <a class="link" href="reference.html#status-format" title="3.283. status_format">$status_format</a>:
+</p><pre class="screen">
+%?n?%n new messages.?</pre><p>
+You can also switch between two strings using the following construct:
+</p><pre class="screen">
+%?<sequence_char>?<if_string>&<else_string>?</pre><p>
+If the value of <span class="emphasis"><em>sequence_char</em></span> is non-zero,
+<span class="emphasis"><em>if_string</em></span> will be expanded, otherwise
+<span class="emphasis"><em>else_string</em></span> will be expanded.
+</p></div><div class="sect2" title="29.3. Filters"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="formatstrings-filters"></a>29.3. Filters</h3></div></div></div><p>
+Any format string ending in a vertical bar (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">|</span>”</span>) will be
+expanded and piped through the first word in the string, using spaces as
+separator. The string returned will be used for display. If the
+returned string ends in %, it will be passed through the formatter a
+second time. This allows the filter to generate a replacement format
+string including % expandos.
+</p><p>
+All % expandos in a format string are expanded before the script is
+called so that:
+</p><div class="example"><a id="ex-fmtpipe"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 3.19. Using external filters in format strings</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
set status_format="script.sh '%r %f (%L)'|"
-</pre><p>
-will make mutt expand <code class="literal">%r</code>,
-<code class="literal">%f</code> and <code class="literal">%L</code>
-before calling the script. The example also shows that arguments can be
-quoted: the script will receive the expanded string between the single quotes
-as the only argument.
-</p><p>
-A practical example is the <code class="literal">mutt_xtitle</code>
-script installed in the <code class="literal">samples</code>
-subdirectory of the mutt documentation: it can be used as filter for
-<code class="literal">$status_format</code> to set the current
+</pre></div></div><br class="example-break" /><p>
+will make Mutt expand <code class="literal">%r</code>, <code class="literal">%f</code> and
+<code class="literal">%L</code> before calling the script. The example also shows
+that arguments can be quoted: the script will receive the expanded
+string between the single quotes as the only argument.
+</p><p>
+A practical example is the <code class="literal">mutt_xtitle</code> script
+installed in the <code class="literal">samples</code> subdirectory of the Mutt
+documentation: it can be used as filter for <a class="link" href="reference.html#status-format" title="3.283. status_format">$status_format</a> to set the current
terminal's title, if supported.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="gettingstarted.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="advancedusage.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 2. Getting Started </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 4. Advanced Usage</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" title="29.4. Padding"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="formatstrings-padding"></a>29.4. Padding</h3></div></div></div><p>
+In most format strings, Mutt supports different types of padding using
+special %-expandos:
+</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">%|X</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+When this occurs, Mutt will fill the rest of the line with the character
+<code class="literal">X</code>. For example, filling the rest of the line with
+dashes is done by setting:
+</p><pre class="screen">
+set status_format = "%v on %h: %B: %?n?%n&no? new messages %|-"</pre></dd><dt><span class="term">
+<code class="literal">%>X</code>
+</span></dt><dd><p>
+Since the previous expando stops at the end of line, there must be a way
+to fill the gap between two items via the <code class="literal">%>X</code>
+expando: it puts as many characters <code class="literal">X</code> in between two
+items so that the rest of the line will be right-justified. For example,
+to not put the version string and hostname the above example on the left
+but on the right and fill the gap with spaces, one might use (note the
+space after <code class="literal">%></code>):
+</p><pre class="screen">
+set status_format = "%B: %?n?%n&no? new messages %> (%v on %h)"</pre></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">%*X</code>
+</span></dt><dd><p>
+Normal right-justification will print everything to the left of the
+<code class="literal">%></code>, displaying padding and whatever lies to the
+right only if there's room. By contrast, <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">soft-fill</span>”</span> gives
+priority to the right-hand side, guaranteeing space to display it and
+showing padding only if there's still room. If necessary, soft-fill will
+eat text leftwards to make room for rightward text. For example, to
+right-justify the subject making sure as much as possible of it fits on
+screen, one might use (note two spaces after <code class="literal">%* </code>: the
+second ensures there's a space between the truncated right-hand side and
+the subject):
+</p><pre class="screen">
+set index_format="%4C %Z %{%b %d} %-15.15L (%?l?%4l&%4c?)%* %s"</pre></dd></dl></div></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="gettingstarted.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="advancedusage.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 2. Getting Started </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 4. Advanced Usage</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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