Improve variable names for block attributes

[software/dgc/cdgc.git] / rt / gc / cdgc / gc.d

diff --git a/rt/gc/cdgc/gc.d b/rt/gc/cdgc/gc.d
index 5edde8f88f12f6631ae99ff8e8680d34b488daa1..b9973b81a8079ed5bb33f4f0a7c476c153faadd8 100644 (file)
--- a/rt/gc/cdgc/gc.d
+++ b/rt/gc/cdgc/gc.d
@@ -31,9 +31,6 @@ module rt.gc.cdgc.gc;
 /************** Debugging ***************************/
 
 //debug = COLLECT_PRINTF;       // turn on printf's
 /************** Debugging ***************************/
 
 //debug = COLLECT_PRINTF;       // turn on printf's

-//debug = LOGGING;              // log allocations / frees
-//debug = MEMSTOMP;             // stomp on memory
-//debug = SENTINEL;             // add underrun/overrrun protection

 //debug = PTRCHECK;             // more pointer checking
 //debug = PTRCHECK2;            // thorough but slow pointer checking
 
 //debug = PTRCHECK;             // more pointer checking
 //debug = PTRCHECK2;            // thorough but slow pointer checking
 


@@ -46,12 +43,30 @@ version = STACKGROWSDOWN;       // growing the stack means subtracting from the
 /***************************************************/
 
 import rt.gc.cdgc.bits: GCBits;
 /***************************************************/
 
 import rt.gc.cdgc.bits: GCBits;

-import rt.gc.cdgc.stats: GCStats;
+import rt.gc.cdgc.stats: GCStats, Stats;
+import rt.gc.cdgc.dynarray: DynArray;

 import alloc = rt.gc.cdgc.alloc;
 import alloc = rt.gc.cdgc.alloc;

+import opts = rt.gc.cdgc.opts;

 
 import cstdlib = tango.stdc.stdlib;
 import cstring = tango.stdc.string;
 
 
 import cstdlib = tango.stdc.stdlib;
 import cstring = tango.stdc.string;
 

+/*
+ * This is a small optimization that proved it's usefulness. For small chunks
+ * or memory memset() seems to be slower (probably because of the call) that
+ * simply doing a simple loop to set the memory.
+ */
+void memset(void* dst, int c, size_t n)
+{
+    // This number (32) has been determined empirically
+    if (n > 32) {
+        cstring.memset(dst, c, n);
+        return;
+    }
+    auto p = cast(ubyte*)(dst);
+    while (n-- > 0)
+        *p++ = c;
+}

 
 version (GNU)
 {
 
 version (GNU)
 {


@@ -62,7 +77,6 @@ version (GNU)
     static import gcc.builtins; // for __builtin_unwind_int
 }
 
     static import gcc.builtins; // for __builtin_unwind_int
 }
 

-

 struct BlkInfo
 {
     void*  base;
 struct BlkInfo
 {
     void*  base;


@@ -70,15 +84,16 @@ struct BlkInfo
     uint   attr;
 }
 
     uint   attr;
 }
 

+package enum BlkAttr : uint
+{
+    FINALIZE = 0b0000_0001,
+    NO_SCAN  = 0b0000_0010,
+    NO_MOVE  = 0b0000_0100,
+    ALL_BITS = 0b1111_1111
+}
+

 private
 {
 private
 {

-    enum BlkAttr : uint
-    {
-        FINALIZE = 0b0000_0001,
-        NO_SCAN  = 0b0000_0010,
-        NO_MOVE  = 0b0000_0100,
-        ALL_BITS = 0b1111_1111
-    }

 
     extern (C) void* rt_stackBottom();
     extern (C) void* rt_stackTop();
 
     extern (C) void* rt_stackBottom();
     extern (C) void* rt_stackTop();


@@ -112,106 +127,6 @@ private
 alias GC gc_t;
 
 
 alias GC gc_t;
 
 

-/* ======================= Leak Detector =========================== */
-
-
-debug (LOGGING)
-{
-    struct Log
-    {
-        void*  p;
-        size_t size;
-        size_t line;
-        char*  file;
-        void*  parent;
-
-        void print()
-        {
-            printf("    p = %x, size = %d, parent = %x ", p, size, parent);
-            if (file)
-            {
-                printf("%s(%u)", file, line);
-            }
-            printf("\n");
-        }
-    }
-
-
-    struct LogArray
-    {
-        size_t dim;
-        size_t allocdim;
-        Log *data;
-
-        void Dtor()
-        {
-            if (data)
-                cstdlib.free(data);
-            data = null;
-        }
-
-        void reserve(size_t nentries)
-        {
-            assert(dim <= allocdim);
-            if (allocdim - dim < nentries)
-            {
-                allocdim = (dim + nentries) * 2;
-                assert(dim + nentries <= allocdim);
-                if (!data)
-                {
-                    data = cast(Log*) cstdlib.malloc(allocdim * Log.sizeof);
-                    if (!data && allocdim)
-                        onOutOfMemoryError();
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    Log *newdata = cast(Log*) cstdlib.malloc(
-                            allocdim * Log.sizeof);
-                    if (!newdata && allocdim)
-                        onOutOfMemoryError();
-                    cstring.memcpy(newdata, data, dim * Log.sizeof);
-                    cstdlib.free(data);
-                    data = newdata;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-
-        void push(Log log)
-        {
-            reserve(1);
-            data[dim++] = log;
-        }
-
-        void remove(size_t i)
-        {
-            cstring.memmove(data + i, data + i + 1, (dim - i) * Log.sizeof);
-            dim--;
-        }
-
-
-        size_t find(void *p)
-        {
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < dim; i++)
-            {
-                if (data[i].p == p)
-                    return i;
-            }
-            return OPFAIL; // not found
-        }
-
-
-        void copy(LogArray *from)
-        {
-            reserve(from.dim - dim);
-            assert(from.dim <= allocdim);
-            cstring.memcpy(data, from.data, from.dim * Log.sizeof);
-            dim = from.dim;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-

 /* ============================ GC =============================== */
 
 
 /* ============================ GC =============================== */
 
 


@@ -221,6 +136,8 @@ class GCLock { }                // just a dummy so we can get a global lock
 const uint GCVERSION = 1;       // increment every time we change interface
                                 // to GC.
 
 const uint GCVERSION = 1;       // increment every time we change interface
                                 // to GC.
 

+Stats stats;
+

 class GC
 {
     // For passing to debug code
 class GC
 {
     // For passing to debug code


@@ -235,23 +152,14 @@ class GC
 
     void initialize()
     {
 
     void initialize()
     {

+        opts.parse(cstdlib.getenv("D_GC_OPTS"));

         gcLock = GCLock.classinfo;
         gcx = cast(Gcx*) cstdlib.calloc(1, Gcx.sizeof);
         if (!gcx)
             onOutOfMemoryError();
         gcx.initialize();
         setStackBottom(rt_stackBottom());
         gcLock = GCLock.classinfo;
         gcx = cast(Gcx*) cstdlib.calloc(1, Gcx.sizeof);
         if (!gcx)
             onOutOfMemoryError();
         gcx.initialize();
         setStackBottom(rt_stackBottom());

-    }
-
-
-    void Dtor()
-    {
-        if (gcx)
-        {
-            gcx.Dtor();
-            cstdlib.free(gcx);
-            gcx = null;
-        }
+        stats = Stats(this);

     }
 
 
     }
 
 


@@ -302,15 +210,15 @@ class GC
         uint go()
         {
             Pool* pool = gcx.findPool(p);
         uint go()
         {
             Pool* pool = gcx.findPool(p);

-            uint  oldb = 0;
+            uint  old_attrs = 0;

 
             if (pool)
             {
 
             if (pool)
             {

-                auto biti = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16;
+                auto bit_i = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16;

 
 

-                oldb = gcx.getBits(pool, biti);
+                old_attrs = gcx.getAttr(pool, bit_i);

             }
             }

-            return oldb;
+            return old_attrs;

         }
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         }
 
         if (!thread_needLock())


@@ -337,16 +245,16 @@ class GC
         uint go()
         {
             Pool* pool = gcx.findPool(p);
         uint go()
         {
             Pool* pool = gcx.findPool(p);

-            uint  oldb = 0;
+            uint  old_attrs = 0;

 
             if (pool)
             {
 
             if (pool)
             {

-                auto biti = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16;
+                auto bit_i = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16;

 
 

-                oldb = gcx.getBits(pool, biti);
-                gcx.setBits(pool, biti, mask);
+                old_attrs = gcx.getAttr(pool, bit_i);
+                gcx.setAttr(pool, bit_i, mask);

             }
             }

-            return oldb;
+            return old_attrs;

         }
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         }
 
         if (!thread_needLock())


@@ -373,16 +281,16 @@ class GC
         uint go()
         {
             Pool* pool = gcx.findPool(p);
         uint go()
         {
             Pool* pool = gcx.findPool(p);

-            uint  oldb = 0;
+            uint  old_attrs = 0;

 
             if (pool)
             {
 
             if (pool)
             {

-                auto biti = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16;
+                auto bit_i = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16;

 
 

-                oldb = gcx.getBits(pool, biti);
-                gcx.clrBits(pool, biti, mask);
+                old_attrs = gcx.getAttr(pool, bit_i);
+                gcx.clrAttr(pool, bit_i, mask);

             }
             }

-            return oldb;
+            return old_attrs;

         }
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         }
 
         if (!thread_needLock())


@@ -399,7 +307,7 @@ class GC
     /**
      *
      */
     /**
      *
      */

-    void *malloc(size_t size, uint bits = 0)
+    void *malloc(size_t size, uint attrs = 0)

     {
         if (!size)
         {
     {
         if (!size)
         {


@@ -408,11 +316,11 @@ class GC
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {

-            return mallocNoSync(size, bits);
+            return mallocNoSync(size, attrs);

         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {
         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {

-            return mallocNoSync(size, bits);
+            return mallocNoSync(size, attrs);

         }
     }
 
         }
     }
 


@@ -420,16 +328,21 @@ class GC
     //
     //
     //
     //
     //
     //

-    private void *mallocNoSync(size_t size, uint bits = 0)
+    private void *mallocNoSync(size_t size, uint attrs = 0)

     {
         assert(size != 0);
 
     {
         assert(size != 0);
 

+        stats.malloc_started(size, attrs);
+        scope (exit)
+            stats.malloc_finished();
+

         void *p = null;
         Bins bin;
 
         assert(gcx);
 
         void *p = null;
         Bins bin;
 
         assert(gcx);
 

-        size += SENTINEL_EXTRA;
+        if (opts.options.sentinel)
+            size += SENTINEL_EXTRA;

 
         // Compute size bin
         // Cache previous binsize lookup - Dave Fladebo.
 
         // Compute size bin
         // Cache previous binsize lookup - Dave Fladebo.


@@ -479,9 +392,10 @@ class GC
 
             // Return next item from free list
             gcx.bucket[bin] = (cast(List*)p).next;
 
             // Return next item from free list
             gcx.bucket[bin] = (cast(List*)p).next;

-            if( !(bits & BlkAttr.NO_SCAN) )
-                cstring.memset(p + size, 0, binsize[bin] - size);
-            debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF0, size);
+            if( !(attrs & BlkAttr.NO_SCAN) )
+                memset(p + size, 0, binsize[bin] - size);
+            if (opts.options.mem_stomp)
+                memset(p, 0xF0, size);

         }
         else
         {
         }
         else
         {


@@ -489,17 +403,18 @@ class GC
             if (!p)
                 onOutOfMemoryError();
         }
             if (!p)
                 onOutOfMemoryError();
         }

-        size -= SENTINEL_EXTRA;
-        p = sentinel_add(p);
-        sentinel_init(p, size);
-        gcx.log_malloc(p, size);
+        if (opts.options.sentinel) {
+            size -= SENTINEL_EXTRA;
+            p = sentinel_add(p);
+            sentinel_init(p, size);
+        }

 
 

-        if (bits)
+        if (attrs)

         {
             Pool *pool = gcx.findPool(p);
             assert(pool);
 
         {
             Pool *pool = gcx.findPool(p);
             assert(pool);
 

-            gcx.setBits(pool, cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16, bits);
+            gcx.setAttr(pool, cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16, attrs);

         }
         return p;
     }
         }
         return p;
     }


@@ -508,7 +423,7 @@ class GC
     /**
      *
      */
     /**
      *
      */

-    void *calloc(size_t size, uint bits = 0)
+    void *calloc(size_t size, uint attrs = 0)

     {
         if (!size)
         {
     {
         if (!size)
         {


@@ -517,11 +432,11 @@ class GC
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {

-            return callocNoSync(size, bits);
+            return callocNoSync(size, attrs);

         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {
         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {

-            return callocNoSync(size, bits);
+            return callocNoSync(size, attrs);

         }
     }
 
         }
     }
 


@@ -529,12 +444,12 @@ class GC
     //
     //
     //
     //
     //
     //

-    private void *callocNoSync(size_t size, uint bits = 0)
+    private void *callocNoSync(size_t size, uint attrs = 0)

     {
         assert(size != 0);
 
     {
         assert(size != 0);
 

-        void *p = mallocNoSync(size, bits);
-        cstring.memset(p, 0, size);
+        void *p = mallocNoSync(size, attrs);
+        memset(p, 0, size);

         return p;
     }
 
         return p;
     }
 


@@ -542,15 +457,15 @@ class GC
     /**
      *
      */
     /**
      *
      */

-    void *realloc(void *p, size_t size, uint bits = 0)
+    void *realloc(void *p, size_t size, uint attrs = 0)

     {
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {
     {
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {

-            return reallocNoSync(p, size, bits);
+            return reallocNoSync(p, size, attrs);

         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {
         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {

-            return reallocNoSync(p, size, bits);
+            return reallocNoSync(p, size, attrs);

         }
     }
 
         }
     }
 


@@ -558,7 +473,7 @@ class GC
     //
     //
     //
     //
     //
     //

-    private void *reallocNoSync(void *p, size_t size, uint bits = 0)
+    private void *reallocNoSync(void *p, size_t size, uint attrs = 0)

     {
         if (!size)
         {
     {
         if (!size)
         {


@@ -570,14 +485,14 @@ class GC
         }
         else if (!p)
         {
         }
         else if (!p)
         {

-            p = mallocNoSync(size, bits);
+            p = mallocNoSync(size, attrs);

         }
         else
         {
             void *p2;
             size_t psize;
 
         }
         else
         {
             void *p2;
             size_t psize;
 

-            version (SENTINEL)
+            if (opts.options.sentinel)

             {
                 sentinel_Invariant(p);
                 psize = *sentinel_size(p);
             {
                 sentinel_Invariant(p);
                 psize = *sentinel_size(p);


@@ -589,20 +504,20 @@ class GC
 
                         if (pool)
                         {
 
                         if (pool)
                         {

-                            auto biti = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16;
+                            auto bit_i = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16;

 
 

-                            if (bits)
+                            if (attrs)

                             {
                             {

-                                gcx.clrBits(pool, biti, BlkAttr.ALL_BITS);
-                                gcx.setBits(pool, biti, bits);
+                                gcx.clrAttr(pool, bit_i, BlkAttr.ALL_BITS);
+                                gcx.setAttr(pool, bit_i, attrs);

                             }
                             else
                             {
                             }
                             else
                             {

-                                bits = gcx.getBits(pool, biti);
+                                attrs = gcx.getAttr(pool, bit_i);

                             }
                         }
                     }
                             }
                         }
                     }

-                    p2 = mallocNoSync(size, bits);
+                    p2 = mallocNoSync(size, attrs);

                     if (psize < size)
                         size = psize;
                     cstring.memcpy(p2, p, size);
                     if (psize < size)
                         size = psize;
                     cstring.memcpy(p2, p, size);


@@ -627,8 +542,8 @@ class GC
                         // Shrink in place
                         synchronized (gcLock)
                         {
                         // Shrink in place
                         synchronized (gcLock)
                         {

-                            debug (MEMSTOMP)
-                                cstring.memset(p + size, 0xF2, psize - size);
+                            if (opts.options.mem_stomp)
+                                memset(p + size, 0xF2, psize - size);

                             pool.freePages(pagenum + newsz, psz - newsz);
                         }
                         return p;
                             pool.freePages(pagenum + newsz, psz - newsz);
                         }
                         return p;


@@ -642,10 +557,9 @@ class GC
                             {
                                 if (i == pagenum + newsz)
                                 {
                             {
                                 if (i == pagenum + newsz)
                                 {

-                                    debug (MEMSTOMP)
-                                        cstring.memset(p + psize, 0xF0,
-                                                size - psize);
-                                    cstring.memset(pool.pagetable + pagenum +
+                                    if (opts.options.mem_stomp)
+                                        memset(p + psize, 0xF0, size - psize);
+                                    memset(pool.pagetable + pagenum +

                                             psz, B_PAGEPLUS, newsz - psz);
                                     return p;
                                 }
                                             psz, B_PAGEPLUS, newsz - psz);
                                     return p;
                                 }


@@ -669,20 +583,20 @@ class GC
 
                         if (pool)
                         {
 
                         if (pool)
                         {

-                            auto biti = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16;
+                            auto bit_i = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16;

 
 

-                            if (bits)
+                            if (attrs)

                             {
                             {

-                                gcx.clrBits(pool, biti, BlkAttr.ALL_BITS);
-                                gcx.setBits(pool, biti, bits);
+                                gcx.clrAttr(pool, bit_i, BlkAttr.ALL_BITS);
+                                gcx.setAttr(pool, bit_i, attrs);

                             }
                             else
                             {
                             }
                             else
                             {

-                                bits = gcx.getBits(pool, biti);
+                                attrs = gcx.getAttr(pool, bit_i);

                             }
                         }
                     }
                             }
                         }
                     }

-                    p2 = mallocNoSync(size, bits);
+                    p2 = mallocNoSync(size, attrs);

                     if (psize < size)
                         size = psize;
                     cstring.memcpy(p2, p, size);
                     if (psize < size)
                         size = psize;
                     cstring.memcpy(p2, p, size);


@@ -726,7 +640,7 @@ class GC
     }
     body
     {
     }
     body
     {

-        version (SENTINEL)
+        if (opts.options.sentinel)

         {
             return 0;
         }
         {
             return 0;
         }


@@ -756,9 +670,9 @@ class GC
         }
         if (sz < minsz)
             return 0;
         }
         if (sz < minsz)
             return 0;

-        debug (MEMSTOMP)
-            cstring.memset(p + psize, 0xF0, (psz + sz) * PAGESIZE - psize);
-        cstring.memset(pool.pagetable + pagenum + psz, B_PAGEPLUS, sz);
+        if (opts.options.mem_stomp)
+            memset(p + psize, 0xF0, (psz + sz) * PAGESIZE - psize);
+        memset(pool.pagetable + pagenum + psz, B_PAGEPLUS, sz);

         gcx.p_cache = null;
         gcx.size_cache = 0;
         return (psz + sz) * PAGESIZE;
         gcx.p_cache = null;
         gcx.size_cache = 0;
         return (psz + sz) * PAGESIZE;


@@ -829,17 +743,19 @@ class GC
         Pool*  pool;
         size_t pagenum;
         Bins   bin;
         Pool*  pool;
         size_t pagenum;
         Bins   bin;

-        size_t biti;
+        size_t bit_i;

 
         // Find which page it is in
         pool = gcx.findPool(p);
         if (!pool)                              // if not one of ours
             return;                             // ignore
 
         // Find which page it is in
         pool = gcx.findPool(p);
         if (!pool)                              // if not one of ours
             return;                             // ignore

-        sentinel_Invariant(p);
-        p = sentinel_sub(p);
+        if (opts.options.sentinel) {
+            sentinel_Invariant(p);
+            p = sentinel_sub(p);
+        }

         pagenum = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / PAGESIZE;
         pagenum = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / PAGESIZE;

-        biti = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16;
-        gcx.clrBits(pool, biti, BlkAttr.ALL_BITS);
+        bit_i = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / 16;
+        gcx.clrAttr(pool, bit_i, BlkAttr.ALL_BITS);

 
         bin = cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pagenum];
         if (bin == B_PAGE)              // if large alloc
 
         bin = cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pagenum];
         if (bin == B_PAGE)              // if large alloc


@@ -849,7 +765,8 @@ class GC
             size_t n = pagenum;
             while (++n < pool.npages && pool.pagetable[n] == B_PAGEPLUS)
                 npages++;
             size_t n = pagenum;
             while (++n < pool.npages && pool.pagetable[n] == B_PAGEPLUS)
                 npages++;

-            debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF2, npages * PAGESIZE);
+            if (opts.options.mem_stomp)
+                memset(p, 0xF2, npages * PAGESIZE);

             pool.freePages(pagenum, npages);
         }
         else
             pool.freePages(pagenum, npages);
         }
         else


@@ -857,12 +774,12 @@ class GC
             // Add to free list
             List *list = cast(List*)p;
 
             // Add to free list
             List *list = cast(List*)p;
 

-            debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF2, binsize[bin]);
+            if (opts.options.mem_stomp)
+                memset(p, 0xF2, binsize[bin]);

 
             list.next = gcx.bucket[bin];
             gcx.bucket[bin] = list;
         }
 
             list.next = gcx.bucket[bin];
             gcx.bucket[bin] = list;
         }

-        gcx.log_free(sentinel_add(p));

     }
 
 
     }
 
 


@@ -931,7 +848,7 @@ class GC
     {
         assert (p);
 
     {
         assert (p);
 

-        version (SENTINEL)
+        if (opts.options.sentinel)

         {
             p = sentinel_sub(p);
             size_t size = gcx.findSize(p);
         {
             p = sentinel_sub(p);
             size_t size = gcx.findSize(p);


@@ -1033,7 +950,8 @@ class GC
     {
         assert(p);
 
     {
         assert(p);
 

-        sentinel_Invariant(p);
+        if (opts.options.sentinel)
+            sentinel_Invariant(p);

         debug (PTRCHECK)
         {
             Pool*  pool;
         debug (PTRCHECK)
         {
             Pool*  pool;


@@ -1041,7 +959,8 @@ class GC
             Bins   bin;
             size_t size;
 
             Bins   bin;
             size_t size;
 

-            p = sentinel_sub(p);
+            if (opts.options.sentinel)
+                p = sentinel_sub(p);

             pool = gcx.findPool(p);
             assert(pool);
             pagenum = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / PAGESIZE;
             pool = gcx.findPool(p);
             assert(pool);
             pagenum = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr) / PAGESIZE;


@@ -1103,11 +1022,13 @@ class GC
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {

-            gcx.addRoot(p);
+            if (roots.append(p) is null)
+                onOutOfMemoryError();

         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {
         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {

-            gcx.addRoot(p);
+            if (roots.append(p) is null)
+                onOutOfMemoryError();

         }
     }
 
         }
     }
 


@@ -1122,14 +1043,16 @@ class GC
             return;
         }
 
             return;
         }
 

+        bool r;

         if (!thread_needLock())
         {
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {

-            gcx.removeRoot(p);
+            r = roots.remove(p);

         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {
         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {

-            gcx.removeRoot(p);
+            r = roots.remove(p);

         }
         }

+        assert (r);

     }
 
 
     }
 
 


@@ -1145,11 +1068,13 @@ class GC
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {

-            gcx.addRange(p, p + sz);
+            if (ranges.append(Range(p, p+sz)) is null)
+                onOutOfMemoryError();

         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {
         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {

-            gcx.addRange(p, p + sz);
+            if (ranges.append(Range(p, p+sz)) is null)
+                onOutOfMemoryError();

         }
     }
 
         }
     }
 


@@ -1164,14 +1089,16 @@ class GC
             return;
         }
 
             return;
         }
 

+        bool r;

         if (!thread_needLock())
         {
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {

-            gcx.removeRange(p);
+            r = ranges.remove(Range(p, null));

         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {
         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {

-            gcx.removeRange(p);
+            r = ranges.remove(Range(p, null));

         }
         }

+        assert (r);

     }
 
 
     }
 
 


@@ -1196,7 +1123,6 @@ class GC
             getStats(stats);
         }
 
             getStats(stats);
         }
 

-        gcx.log_collect();

     }
 
 
     }
 
 


@@ -1265,11 +1191,11 @@ class GC
         size_t n;
         size_t bsize = 0;
 
         size_t n;
         size_t bsize = 0;
 

-        cstring.memset(&stats, 0, GCStats.sizeof);
+        memset(&stats, 0, GCStats.sizeof);

 
 

-        for (n = 0; n < gcx.npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            Pool *pool = gcx.pooltable[n];
+            Pool* pool = pools[n];

             psize += pool.npages * PAGESIZE;
             for (size_t j = 0; j < pool.npages; j++)
             {
             psize += pool.npages * PAGESIZE;
             for (size_t j = 0; j < pool.npages; j++)
             {


@@ -1422,6 +1348,13 @@ struct Range
 {
     void *pbot;
     void *ptop;
 {
     void *pbot;
     void *ptop;

+    int opCmp(in Range other)
+    {
+        if (pbot < other.pbot)
+            return -1;
+        else
+        return cast(int)(pbot > other.pbot);
+    }

 }
 
 
 }
 
 


@@ -1429,6 +1362,13 @@ const uint binsize[B_MAX] = [ 16,32,64,128,256,512,1024,2048,4096 ];
 const uint notbinsize[B_MAX] = [ ~(16u-1),~(32u-1),~(64u-1),~(128u-1),~(256u-1),
                                 ~(512u-1),~(1024u-1),~(2048u-1),~(4096u-1) ];
 
 const uint notbinsize[B_MAX] = [ ~(16u-1),~(32u-1),~(64u-1),~(128u-1),~(256u-1),
                                 ~(512u-1),~(1024u-1),~(2048u-1),~(4096u-1) ];
 

+DynArray!(void*) roots;
+
+DynArray!(Range) ranges;
+
+DynArray!(Pool) pools;
+
+

 /* ============================ Gcx =============================== */
 
 
 /* ============================ Gcx =============================== */
 
 


@@ -1438,14 +1378,6 @@ struct Gcx
     void *p_cache;
     size_t size_cache;
 
     void *p_cache;
     size_t size_cache;
 

-    size_t nroots;
-    size_t rootdim;
-    void **roots;
-
-    size_t nranges;
-    size_t rangedim;
-    Range *ranges;
-

     uint noStack;       // !=0 means don't scan stack
     uint log;           // turn on logging
     uint anychanges;
     uint noStack;       // !=0 means don't scan stack
     uint log;           // turn on logging
     uint anychanges;


@@ -1456,9 +1388,6 @@ struct Gcx
     byte *minAddr;      // min(baseAddr)
     byte *maxAddr;      // max(topAddr)
 
     byte *minAddr;      // min(baseAddr)
     byte *maxAddr;      // max(topAddr)
 

-    size_t npools;
-    Pool **pooltable;
-

     List *bucket[B_MAX];        // free list for each size
 
 
     List *bucket[B_MAX];        // free list for each size
 
 


@@ -1467,33 +1396,11 @@ struct Gcx
         int dummy;
         (cast(byte*)this)[0 .. Gcx.sizeof] = 0;
         stackBottom = cast(char*)&dummy;
         int dummy;
         (cast(byte*)this)[0 .. Gcx.sizeof] = 0;
         stackBottom = cast(char*)&dummy;

-        log_init();

         //printf("gcx = %p, self = %x\n", this, self);
         inited = 1;
     }
 
 
         //printf("gcx = %p, self = %x\n", this, self);
         inited = 1;
     }
 
 

-    void Dtor()
-    {
-        inited = 0;
-
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < npools; i++)
-        {
-            Pool *pool = pooltable[i];
-            pool.Dtor();
-            cstdlib.free(pool);
-        }
-        if (pooltable)
-            cstdlib.free(pooltable);
-
-        if (roots)
-            cstdlib.free(roots);
-
-        if (ranges)
-            cstdlib.free(ranges);
-    }
-
-

     void Invariant() { }
 
 
     void Invariant() { }
 
 


@@ -1504,41 +1411,32 @@ struct Gcx
         //printf("Gcx.invariant(): this = %p\n", this);
             size_t i;
 
         //printf("Gcx.invariant(): this = %p\n", this);
             size_t i;
 

-            for (i = 0; i < npools; i++)
+            for (i = 0; i < pools.length; i++)

             {
             {

-                Pool *pool = pooltable[i];
+                Pool* pool = pools[i];

                 pool.Invariant();
                 if (i == 0)
                 {
                     assert(minAddr == pool.baseAddr);
                 }
                 pool.Invariant();
                 if (i == 0)
                 {
                     assert(minAddr == pool.baseAddr);
                 }

-                if (i + 1 < npools)
+                if (i + 1 < pools.length)

                 {
                 {

-                    assert(pool.opCmp(pooltable[i + 1]) < 0);
+                    assert(*pool < pools[i + 1]);

                 }
                 }

-                else if (i + 1 == npools)
+                else if (i + 1 == pools.length)

                 {
                     assert(maxAddr == pool.topAddr);
                 }
             }
 
                 {
                     assert(maxAddr == pool.topAddr);
                 }
             }
 

-            if (roots)
-            {
-                assert(rootdim != 0);
-                assert(nroots <= rootdim);
-            }
+            roots.Invariant();
+            ranges.Invariant();

 
 

-            if (ranges)
+            for (i = 0; i < ranges.length; i++)

             {
             {

-                assert(rangedim != 0);
-                assert(nranges <= rangedim);
-
-                for (i = 0; i < nranges; i++)
-                {
-                    assert(ranges[i].pbot);
-                    assert(ranges[i].ptop);
-                    assert(ranges[i].pbot <= ranges[i].ptop);
-                }
+                assert(ranges[i].pbot);
+                assert(ranges[i].ptop);
+                assert(ranges[i].pbot <= ranges[i].ptop);

             }
 
             for (i = 0; i < B_PAGE; i++)
             }
 
             for (i = 0; i < B_PAGE; i++)


@@ -1551,120 +1449,23 @@ struct Gcx
     }
 
 
     }
 
 

-    /**
-     *
-     */
-    void addRoot(void *p)
-    {
-        if (nroots == rootdim)
-        {
-            size_t newdim = rootdim * 2 + 16;
-            void** newroots;
-
-            newroots = cast(void**) cstdlib.malloc(newdim * newroots[0].sizeof);
-            if (!newroots)
-                onOutOfMemoryError();
-            if (roots)
-            {
-                cstring.memcpy(newroots, roots, nroots * newroots[0].sizeof);
-                cstdlib.free(roots);
-            }
-            roots = newroots;
-            rootdim = newdim;
-        }
-        roots[nroots] = p;
-        nroots++;
-    }
-
-
-    /**
-     *
-     */
-    void removeRoot(void *p)
-    {
-        for (size_t i = nroots; i--;)
-        {
-            if (roots[i] == p)
-            {
-                nroots--;
-                cstring.memmove(roots + i, roots + i + 1,
-                        (nroots - i) * roots[0].sizeof);
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-        assert(0);
-    }
-
-
-    /**
-     *
-     */
-    void addRange(void *pbot, void *ptop)
-    {
-        if (nranges == rangedim)
-        {
-            size_t newdim = rangedim * 2 + 16;
-            Range *newranges;
-
-            newranges = cast(Range*) cstdlib.malloc(newdim * Range.sizeof);
-            if (!newranges)
-                onOutOfMemoryError();
-            if (ranges)
-            {
-                cstring.memcpy(newranges, ranges, nranges * Range.sizeof);
-                cstdlib.free(ranges);
-            }
-            ranges = newranges;
-            rangedim = newdim;
-        }
-        ranges[nranges].pbot = pbot;
-        ranges[nranges].ptop = ptop;
-        nranges++;
-    }
-
-
-    /**
-     *
-     */
-    void removeRange(void *pbot)
-    {
-        for (size_t i = nranges; i--;)
-        {
-            if (ranges[i].pbot == pbot)
-            {
-                nranges--;
-                cstring.memmove(ranges + i, ranges + i + 1,
-                        (nranges - i) * ranges[0].sizeof);
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // This is a fatal error, but ignore it.
-        // The problem is that we can get a Close() call on a thread
-        // other than the one the range was allocated on.
-        //assert(zero);
-    }
-
-

     /**
      * Find Pool that pointer is in.
      * Return null if not in a Pool.
     /**
      * Find Pool that pointer is in.
      * Return null if not in a Pool.

-     * Assume pooltable[] is sorted.
+     * Assume pools is sorted.

      */
     Pool *findPool(void *p)
     {
         if (p >= minAddr && p < maxAddr)
         {
      */
     Pool *findPool(void *p)
     {
         if (p >= minAddr && p < maxAddr)
         {

-            if (npools == 1)
+            if (pools.length == 1)

             {
             {

-                return pooltable[0];
+                return pools[0];

             }
 
             }
 

-            for (size_t i = 0; i < npools; i++)
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < pools.length; i++)

             {
             {

-                Pool *pool;
-
-                pool = pooltable[i];
+                Pool* pool = pools[i];

                 if (p < pool.topAddr)
                 {
                     if (pool.baseAddr <= p)
                 if (p < pool.topAddr)
                 {
                     if (pool.baseAddr <= p)


@@ -1809,10 +1610,10 @@ struct Gcx
             }
 
             ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
             }
 
             ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

-            // getBits
+            // getAttr

             ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
             ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 

-            info.attr = getBits(pool, cast(size_t)(offset / 16));
+            info.attr = getAttr(pool, cast(size_t)(offset / 16));

         }
         return info;
     }
         }
         return info;
     }


@@ -1866,7 +1667,7 @@ struct Gcx
 
     /**
      * Allocate a new pool of at least size bytes.
 
     /**
      * Allocate a new pool of at least size bytes.

-     * Sort it into pooltable[].
+     * Sort it into pools.

      * Mark all memory in the pool as B_FREE.
      * Return the actual number of bytes reserved or 0 on error.
      */
      * Mark all memory in the pool as B_FREE.
      * Return the actual number of bytes reserved or 0 on error.
      */


@@ -1890,27 +1691,22 @@ struct Gcx
         size_t pn;
         Pool*  pool;
 
         size_t pn;
         Pool*  pool;
 

-        for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            pool = pooltable[n];
+            pool = pools[n];

             for (pn = 0; pn < pool.npages; pn++)
             {
                 if (cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn] != B_FREE)
                     break;
             }
             if (pn < pool.npages)
             for (pn = 0; pn < pool.npages; pn++)
             {
                 if (cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn] != B_FREE)
                     break;
             }
             if (pn < pool.npages)

-            {
-                n++;

                 continue;
                 continue;

-            }

             pool.Dtor();
             pool.Dtor();

-            cstdlib.free(pool);
-            cstring.memmove(pooltable + n,
-                            pooltable + n + 1,
-                            (--npools - n) * (Pool*).sizeof);
-            minAddr = pooltable[0].baseAddr;
-            maxAddr = pooltable[npools - 1].topAddr;
+            pools.remove_at(n);
+            n--;

         }
         }

+        minAddr = pools[0].baseAddr;
+        maxAddr = pools[pools.length - 1].topAddr;

     }
 
 
     }
 
 


@@ -1935,9 +1731,9 @@ struct Gcx
             // This code could use some refinement when repeatedly
             // allocating very large arrays.
 
             // This code could use some refinement when repeatedly
             // allocating very large arrays.
 

-            for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+            for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

             {
             {

-                pool = pooltable[n];
+                pool = pools[n];

                 pn = pool.allocPages(npages);
                 if (pn != OPFAIL)
                     goto L1;
                 pn = pool.allocPages(npages);
                 if (pn != OPFAIL)
                     goto L1;


@@ -1954,7 +1750,7 @@ struct Gcx
                 }
                 // Try collecting
                 freedpages = fullcollectshell();
                 }
                 // Try collecting
                 freedpages = fullcollectshell();

-                if (freedpages >= npools * ((POOLSIZE / PAGESIZE) / 4))
+                if (freedpages >= pools.length * ((POOLSIZE / PAGESIZE) / 4))

                 {
                     state = 1;
                     continue;
                 {
                     state = 1;
                     continue;


@@ -1991,10 +1787,11 @@ struct Gcx
       L1:
         pool.pagetable[pn] = B_PAGE;
         if (npages > 1)
       L1:
         pool.pagetable[pn] = B_PAGE;
         if (npages > 1)

-            cstring.memset(&pool.pagetable[pn + 1], B_PAGEPLUS, npages - 1);
+            memset(&pool.pagetable[pn + 1], B_PAGEPLUS, npages - 1);

         p = pool.baseAddr + pn * PAGESIZE;
         p = pool.baseAddr + pn * PAGESIZE;

-        cstring.memset(cast(char *)p + size, 0, npages * PAGESIZE - size);
-        debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF1, size);
+        memset(cast(char *)p + size, 0, npages * PAGESIZE - size);
+        if (opts.options.mem_stomp)
+            memset(p, 0xF1, size);

         return p;
 
       Lnomemory:
         return p;
 
       Lnomemory:


@@ -2004,16 +1801,11 @@ struct Gcx
 
     /**
      * Allocate a new pool with at least npages in it.
 
     /**
      * Allocate a new pool with at least npages in it.

-     * Sort it into pooltable[].
+     * Sort it into pools.

      * Return null if failed.
      */
     Pool *newPool(size_t npages)
     {
      * Return null if failed.
      */
     Pool *newPool(size_t npages)
     {

-        Pool*  pool;
-        Pool** newpooltable;
-        size_t newnpools;
-        size_t i;
-

         // Minimum of POOLSIZE
         if (npages < POOLSIZE/PAGESIZE)
             npages = POOLSIZE/PAGESIZE;
         // Minimum of POOLSIZE
         if (npages < POOLSIZE/PAGESIZE)
             npages = POOLSIZE/PAGESIZE;


@@ -2026,9 +1818,9 @@ struct Gcx
         }
 
         // Allocate successively larger pools up to 8 megs
         }
 
         // Allocate successively larger pools up to 8 megs

-        if (npools)
+        if (pools.length)

         {
         {

-            size_t n = npools;
+            size_t n = pools.length;

             if (n > 8)
                 n = 8;                  // cap pool size at 8 megs
             n *= (POOLSIZE / PAGESIZE);
             if (n > 8)
                 n = 8;                  // cap pool size at 8 megs
             n *= (POOLSIZE / PAGESIZE);


@@ -2036,41 +1828,21 @@ struct Gcx
                 npages = n;
         }
 
                 npages = n;
         }
 

-        pool = cast(Pool *) cstdlib.calloc(1, Pool.sizeof);
-        if (pool)
+        Pool p;
+        p.initialize(npages);
+        if (!p.baseAddr)

         {
         {

-            pool.initialize(npages);
-            if (!pool.baseAddr)
-                goto Lerr;
-
-            newnpools = npools + 1;
-            newpooltable = cast(Pool **) cstdlib.realloc(pooltable,
-                    newnpools * (Pool *).sizeof);
-            if (!newpooltable)
-                goto Lerr;
-
-            // Sort pool into newpooltable[]
-            for (i = 0; i < npools; i++)
-            {
-                if (pool.opCmp(newpooltable[i]) < 0)
-                     break;
-            }
-            cstring.memmove(newpooltable + i + 1, newpooltable + i,
-                    (npools - i) * (Pool *).sizeof);
-            newpooltable[i] = pool;
-
-            pooltable = newpooltable;
-            npools = newnpools;
+            p.Dtor();
+            return null;
+        }

 
 

-            minAddr = pooltable[0].baseAddr;
-            maxAddr = pooltable[npools - 1].topAddr;
+        Pool* pool = pools.insert_sorted(p);
+        if (pool)
+        {
+            minAddr = pools[0].baseAddr;
+            maxAddr = pools[pools.length - 1].topAddr;

         }
         return pool;
         }
         return pool;

-
-      Lerr:
-        pool.Dtor();
-        cstdlib.free(pool);
-        return null;

     }
 
 
     }
 
 


@@ -2087,9 +1859,9 @@ struct Gcx
         byte*  p;
         byte*  ptop;
 
         byte*  p;
         byte*  ptop;
 

-        for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            pool = pooltable[n];
+            pool = pools[n];

             pn = pool.allocPages(1);
             if (pn != OPFAIL)
                 goto L1;
             pn = pool.allocPages(1);
             if (pn != OPFAIL)
                 goto L1;


@@ -2139,13 +1911,13 @@ struct Gcx
                 if (pool)
                 {
                     size_t offset = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr);
                 if (pool)
                 {
                     size_t offset = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr);

-                    size_t biti;
+                    size_t bit_i;

                     size_t pn = offset / PAGESIZE;
                     Bins   bin = cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn];
 
                     // Adjust bit to be at start of allocated memory block
                     if (bin <= B_PAGE)
                     size_t pn = offset / PAGESIZE;
                     Bins   bin = cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn];
 
                     // Adjust bit to be at start of allocated memory block
                     if (bin <= B_PAGE)

-                        biti = (offset & notbinsize[bin]) >> 4;
+                        bit_i = (offset & notbinsize[bin]) >> 4;

                     else if (bin == B_PAGEPLUS)
                     {
                         do
                     else if (bin == B_PAGEPLUS)
                     {
                         do


@@ -2153,7 +1925,7 @@ struct Gcx
                             --pn;
                         }
                         while (cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn] == B_PAGEPLUS);
                             --pn;
                         }
                         while (cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn] == B_PAGEPLUS);

-                        biti = pn * (PAGESIZE / 16);
+                        bit_i = pn * (PAGESIZE / 16);

                     }
                     else
                     {
                     }
                     else
                     {


@@ -2164,15 +1936,14 @@ struct Gcx
                     if (bin >= B_PAGE) // Cache B_PAGE and B_PAGEPLUS lookups
                         pcache = cast(size_t)p & ~(PAGESIZE-1);
 
                     if (bin >= B_PAGE) // Cache B_PAGE and B_PAGEPLUS lookups
                         pcache = cast(size_t)p & ~(PAGESIZE-1);
 

-                    if (!pool.mark.test(biti))
+                    if (!pool.mark.test(bit_i))

                     {
                     {

-                        pool.mark.set(biti);
-                        if (!pool.noscan.test(biti))
+                        pool.mark.set(bit_i);
+                        if (!pool.noscan.test(bit_i))

                         {
                         {

-                            pool.scan.set(biti);
+                            pool.scan.set(bit_i);

                             changes = 1;
                         }
                             changes = 1;
                         }

-                        log_parent(sentinel_add(pool.baseAddr + biti * 16), sentinel_add(pbot));

                     }
                 }
             }
                     }
                 }
             }


@@ -2180,12 +1951,15 @@ struct Gcx
         anychanges |= changes;
     }
 
         anychanges |= changes;
     }
 

-

     /**
      * Return number of full pages free'd.
      */
     size_t fullcollectshell()
     {
     /**
      * Return number of full pages free'd.
      */
     size_t fullcollectshell()
     {

+        stats.collection_started();
+        scope (exit)
+            stats.collection_finished();
+

         // The purpose of the 'shell' is to ensure all the registers
         // get put on the stack so they'll be scanned
         void *sp;
         // The purpose of the 'shell' is to ensure all the registers
         // get put on the stack so they'll be scanned
         void *sp;


@@ -2279,14 +2053,15 @@ struct Gcx
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("Gcx.fullcollect()\n");
 
         thread_suspendAll();
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("Gcx.fullcollect()\n");
 
         thread_suspendAll();

+        stats.world_stopped();

 
         p_cache = null;
         size_cache = 0;
 
         anychanges = 0;
 
         p_cache = null;
         size_cache = 0;
 
         anychanges = 0;

-        for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            pool = pooltable[n];
+            pool = pools[n];

             pool.mark.zero();
             pool.scan.zero();
             pool.freebits.zero();
             pool.mark.zero();
             pool.scan.zero();
             pool.freebits.zero();


@@ -2303,9 +2078,9 @@ struct Gcx
             }
         }
 
             }
         }
 

-        for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            pool = pooltable[n];
+            pool = pools[n];

             pool.mark.copy(&pool.freebits);
         }
 
             pool.mark.copy(&pool.freebits);
         }
 


@@ -2317,14 +2092,14 @@ struct Gcx
             thread_scanAll( &mark, stackTop );
         }
 
             thread_scanAll( &mark, stackTop );
         }
 

-        // Scan roots[]
+        // Scan roots

         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("scan roots[]\n");
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("scan roots[]\n");

-        mark(roots, roots + nroots);
+        mark(roots.ptr, roots.ptr + roots.length);

 
 

-        // Scan ranges[]
+        // Scan ranges

         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("scan ranges[]\n");
         //log++;
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("scan ranges[]\n");
         //log++;

-        for (n = 0; n < nranges; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < ranges.length; n++)

         {
             debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\t%x .. %x\n", ranges[n].pbot, ranges[n].ptop);
             mark(ranges[n].pbot, ranges[n].ptop);
         {
             debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\t%x .. %x\n", ranges[n].pbot, ranges[n].ptop);
             mark(ranges[n].pbot, ranges[n].ptop);


@@ -2335,13 +2110,13 @@ struct Gcx
         while (anychanges)
         {
             anychanges = 0;
         while (anychanges)
         {
             anychanges = 0;

-            for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+            for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

             {
                 uint *bbase;
                 uint *b;
                 uint *btop;
 
             {
                 uint *bbase;
                 uint *b;
                 uint *btop;
 

-                pool = pooltable[n];
+                pool = pools[n];

 
                 bbase = pool.scan.base();
                 btop = bbase + pool.scan.nwords;
 
                 bbase = pool.scan.base();
                 btop = bbase + pool.scan.nwords;


@@ -2386,7 +2161,8 @@ struct Gcx
                                     pn--;
                             }
                             u = 1;
                                     pn--;
                             }
                             u = 1;

-                            while (pn + u < pool.npages && pool.pagetable[pn + u] == B_PAGEPLUS)
+                            while (pn + u < pool.npages &&
+                                    pool.pagetable[pn + u] == B_PAGEPLUS)

                                 u++;
                             mark(o, o + u * PAGESIZE);
                         }
                                 u++;
                             mark(o, o + u * PAGESIZE);
                         }


@@ -2396,14 +2172,15 @@ struct Gcx
         }
 
         thread_resumeAll();
         }
 
         thread_resumeAll();

+        stats.world_started();

 
         // Free up everything not marked
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tfree'ing\n");
         size_t freedpages = 0;
         size_t freed = 0;
 
         // Free up everything not marked
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tfree'ing\n");
         size_t freedpages = 0;
         size_t freed = 0;

-        for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            pool = pooltable[n];
+            pool = pools[n];

             uint*  bbase = pool.mark.base();
             size_t pn;
             for (pn = 0; pn < pool.npages; pn++, bbase += PAGESIZE / (32 * 16))
             uint*  bbase = pool.mark.base();
             size_t pn;
             for (pn = 0; pn < pool.npages; pn++, bbase += PAGESIZE / (32 * 16))


@@ -2415,46 +2192,56 @@ struct Gcx
                     auto size = binsize[bin];
                     byte* p = pool.baseAddr + pn * PAGESIZE;
                     byte* ptop = p + PAGESIZE;
                     auto size = binsize[bin];
                     byte* p = pool.baseAddr + pn * PAGESIZE;
                     byte* ptop = p + PAGESIZE;

-                    size_t biti = pn * (PAGESIZE/16);
-                    size_t bitstride = size / 16;
+                    size_t bit_i = pn * (PAGESIZE/16);
+                    size_t bit_stride = size / 16;

 
     version(none) // BUG: doesn't work because freebits() must also be cleared
     {
                     // If free'd entire page
 
     version(none) // BUG: doesn't work because freebits() must also be cleared
     {
                     // If free'd entire page

-                    if (bbase[0] == 0 && bbase[1] == 0 && bbase[2] == 0 && bbase[3] == 0 &&
-                        bbase[4] == 0 && bbase[5] == 0 && bbase[6] == 0 && bbase[7] == 0)
+                    if (bbase[0] == 0 && bbase[1] == 0 && bbase[2] == 0 &&
+                            bbase[3] == 0 && bbase[4] == 0 && bbase[5] == 0 &&
+                            bbase[6] == 0 && bbase[7] == 0)

                     {
                     {

-                        for (; p < ptop; p += size, biti += bitstride)
+                        for (; p < ptop; p += size, bit_i += bit_stride)

                         {
                         {

-                            if (pool.finals.nbits && pool.finals.testClear(biti))
-                                rt_finalize(cast(List *)sentinel_add(p), false/*noStack > 0*/);
-                            gcx.clrBits(pool, biti, BlkAttr.ALL_BITS);
+                            if (pool.finals.nbits && pool.finals.testClear(bit_i)) {
+                                if (opts.options.sentinel)
+                                    rt_finalize(cast(List *)sentinel_add(p), false/*noStack > 0*/);
+                                else
+                                    rt_finalize(cast(List *)p, false/*noStack > 0*/);
+                            }
+                            gcx.clrAttr(pool, bit_i, BlkAttr.ALL_BITS);

 
                             List *list = cast(List *)p;
 
                             List *list = cast(List *)p;

-                            log_free(sentinel_add(list));

 
 

-                            debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF3, size);
+                            if (opts.options.mem_stomp)
+                                memset(p, 0xF3, size);

                         }
                         pool.pagetable[pn] = B_FREE;
                         freed += PAGESIZE;
                         continue;
                     }
     }
                         }
                         pool.pagetable[pn] = B_FREE;
                         freed += PAGESIZE;
                         continue;
                     }
     }

-                    for (; p < ptop; p += size, biti += bitstride)
+                    for (; p < ptop; p += size, bit_i += bit_stride)

                     {
                     {

-                        if (!pool.mark.test(biti))
+                        if (!pool.mark.test(bit_i))

                         {
                         {

-                            sentinel_Invariant(sentinel_add(p));
-
-                            pool.freebits.set(biti);
-                            if (pool.finals.nbits && pool.finals.testClear(biti))
-                                rt_finalize(cast(List *)sentinel_add(p), false/*noStack > 0*/);
-                            clrBits(pool, biti, BlkAttr.ALL_BITS);
+                            if (opts.options.sentinel)
+                                sentinel_Invariant(sentinel_add(p));
+
+                            pool.freebits.set(bit_i);
+                            if (pool.finals.nbits && pool.finals.testClear(bit_i)) {
+                                if (opts.options.sentinel)
+                                    rt_finalize(cast(List *)sentinel_add(p), false/*noStack > 0*/);
+                                else
+                                    rt_finalize(cast(List *)p, false/*noStack > 0*/);
+                            }
+                            clrAttr(pool, bit_i, BlkAttr.ALL_BITS);

 
                             List *list = cast(List *)p;
 
                             List *list = cast(List *)p;

-                            log_free(sentinel_add(list));

 
 

-                            debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF3, size);
+                            if (opts.options.mem_stomp)
+                                memset(p, 0xF3, size);

 
                             freed += size;
                         }
 
                             freed += size;
                         }


@@ -2462,30 +2249,35 @@ struct Gcx
                 }
                 else if (bin == B_PAGE)
                 {
                 }
                 else if (bin == B_PAGE)
                 {

-                    size_t biti = pn * (PAGESIZE / 16);
-                    if (!pool.mark.test(biti))
+                    size_t bit_i = pn * (PAGESIZE / 16);
+                    if (!pool.mark.test(bit_i))

                     {
                         byte *p = pool.baseAddr + pn * PAGESIZE;
                     {
                         byte *p = pool.baseAddr + pn * PAGESIZE;

-                        sentinel_Invariant(sentinel_add(p));
-                        if (pool.finals.nbits && pool.finals.testClear(biti))
-                            rt_finalize(sentinel_add(p), false/*noStack > 0*/);
-                        clrBits(pool, biti, BlkAttr.ALL_BITS);
+                        if (opts.options.sentinel)
+                            sentinel_Invariant(sentinel_add(p));
+                        if (pool.finals.nbits && pool.finals.testClear(bit_i)) {
+                            if (opts.options.sentinel)
+                                rt_finalize(sentinel_add(p), false/*noStack > 0*/);
+                            else
+                                rt_finalize(p, false/*noStack > 0*/);
+                        }
+                        clrAttr(pool, bit_i, BlkAttr.ALL_BITS);

 
                         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tcollecting big %x\n", p);
 
                         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tcollecting big %x\n", p);

-                        log_free(sentinel_add(p));

                         pool.pagetable[pn] = B_FREE;
                         freedpages++;
                         pool.pagetable[pn] = B_FREE;
                         freedpages++;

-                        debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF3, PAGESIZE);
+                        if (opts.options.mem_stomp)
+                            memset(p, 0xF3, PAGESIZE);

                         while (pn + 1 < pool.npages && pool.pagetable[pn + 1] == B_PAGEPLUS)
                         {
                             pn++;
                             pool.pagetable[pn] = B_FREE;
                             freedpages++;
 
                         while (pn + 1 < pool.npages && pool.pagetable[pn + 1] == B_PAGEPLUS)
                         {
                             pn++;
                             pool.pagetable[pn] = B_FREE;
                             freedpages++;
 

-                            debug (MEMSTOMP)
+                            if (opts.options.mem_stomp)

                             {
                                 p += PAGESIZE;
                             {
                                 p += PAGESIZE;

-                                cstring.memset(p, 0xF3, PAGESIZE);
+                                memset(p, 0xF3, PAGESIZE);

                             }
                         }
                     }
                             }
                         }
                     }


@@ -2499,27 +2291,27 @@ struct Gcx
         // Free complete pages, rebuild free list
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tfree complete pages\n");
         size_t recoveredpages = 0;
         // Free complete pages, rebuild free list
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tfree complete pages\n");
         size_t recoveredpages = 0;

-        for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            pool = pooltable[n];
+            pool = pools[n];

             for (size_t pn = 0; pn < pool.npages; pn++)
             {
                 Bins   bin = cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn];
             for (size_t pn = 0; pn < pool.npages; pn++)
             {
                 Bins   bin = cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn];

-                size_t biti;
+                size_t bit_i;

                 size_t u;
 
                 if (bin < B_PAGE)
                 {
                     size_t size = binsize[bin];
                 size_t u;
 
                 if (bin < B_PAGE)
                 {
                     size_t size = binsize[bin];

-                    size_t bitstride = size / 16;
-                    size_t bitbase = pn * (PAGESIZE / 16);
-                    size_t bittop = bitbase + (PAGESIZE / 16);
+                    size_t bit_stride = size / 16;
+                    size_t bit_base = pn * (PAGESIZE / 16);
+                    size_t bit_top = bit_base + (PAGESIZE / 16);

                     byte*  p;
 
                     byte*  p;
 

-                    biti = bitbase;
-                    for (biti = bitbase; biti < bittop; biti += bitstride)
+                    bit_i = bit_base;
+                    for (; bit_i < bit_top; bit_i += bit_stride)

                     {
                     {

-                        if (!pool.freebits.test(biti))
+                        if (!pool.freebits.test(bit_i))

                             goto Lnotfree;
                     }
                     pool.pagetable[pn] = B_FREE;
                             goto Lnotfree;
                     }
                     pool.pagetable[pn] = B_FREE;


@@ -2530,11 +2322,12 @@ struct Gcx
                     p = pool.baseAddr + pn * PAGESIZE;
                     for (u = 0; u < PAGESIZE; u += size)
                     {
                     p = pool.baseAddr + pn * PAGESIZE;
                     for (u = 0; u < PAGESIZE; u += size)
                     {

-                        biti = bitbase + u / 16;
-                        if (pool.freebits.test(biti))
+                        bit_i = bit_base + u / 16;
+                        if (pool.freebits.test(bit_i))

                         {
                             List *list = cast(List *)(p + u);
                         {
                             List *list = cast(List *)(p + u);

-                            if (list.next != bucket[bin])       // avoid unnecessary writes
+                            // avoid unnecessary writes
+                            if (list.next != bucket[bin])

                                 list.next = bucket[bin];
                             bucket[bin] = list;
                         }
                                 list.next = bucket[bin];
                             bucket[bin] = list;
                         }


@@ -2544,7 +2337,7 @@ struct Gcx
         }
 
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("recovered pages = %d\n", recoveredpages);
         }
 
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("recovered pages = %d\n", recoveredpages);

-        debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tfree'd %u bytes, %u pages from %u pools\n", freed, freedpages, npools);
+        debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tfree'd %u bytes, %u pages from %u pools\n", freed, freedpages, pools.length);

 
         return freedpages + recoveredpages;
     }
 
         return freedpages + recoveredpages;
     }


@@ -2553,31 +2346,31 @@ struct Gcx
     /**
      *
      */
     /**
      *
      */

-    uint getBits(Pool* pool, size_t biti)
+    uint getAttr(Pool* pool, size_t bit_i)

     in
     {
         assert( pool );
     }
     body
     {
     in
     {
         assert( pool );
     }
     body
     {

-        uint bits;
+        uint attrs;

 
         if (pool.finals.nbits &&
 
         if (pool.finals.nbits &&

-            pool.finals.test(biti))
-            bits |= BlkAttr.FINALIZE;
-        if (pool.noscan.test(biti))
-            bits |= BlkAttr.NO_SCAN;
+            pool.finals.test(bit_i))
+            attrs |= BlkAttr.FINALIZE;
+        if (pool.noscan.test(bit_i))
+            attrs |= BlkAttr.NO_SCAN;

 //        if (pool.nomove.nbits &&
 //        if (pool.nomove.nbits &&

-//            pool.nomove.test(biti))
-//            bits |= BlkAttr.NO_MOVE;
-        return bits;
+//            pool.nomove.test(bit_i))
+//            attrs |= BlkAttr.NO_MOVE;
+        return attrs;

     }
 
 
     /**
      *
      */
     }
 
 
     /**
      *
      */

-    void setBits(Pool* pool, size_t biti, uint mask)
+    void setAttr(Pool* pool, size_t bit_i, uint mask)

     in
     {
         assert( pool );
     in
     {
         assert( pool );


@@ -2588,17 +2381,17 @@ struct Gcx
         {
             if (!pool.finals.nbits)
                 pool.finals.alloc(pool.mark.nbits);
         {
             if (!pool.finals.nbits)
                 pool.finals.alloc(pool.mark.nbits);

-            pool.finals.set(biti);
+            pool.finals.set(bit_i);

         }
         if (mask & BlkAttr.NO_SCAN)
         {
         }
         if (mask & BlkAttr.NO_SCAN)
         {

-            pool.noscan.set(biti);
+            pool.noscan.set(bit_i);

         }
 //        if (mask & BlkAttr.NO_MOVE)
 //        {
 //            if (!pool.nomove.nbits)
 //                pool.nomove.alloc(pool.mark.nbits);
         }
 //        if (mask & BlkAttr.NO_MOVE)
 //        {
 //            if (!pool.nomove.nbits)
 //                pool.nomove.alloc(pool.mark.nbits);

-//            pool.nomove.set(biti);
+//            pool.nomove.set(bit_i);

 //        }
     }
 
 //        }
     }
 


@@ -2606,7 +2399,7 @@ struct Gcx
     /**
      *
      */
     /**
      *
      */

-    void clrBits(Pool* pool, size_t biti, uint mask)
+    void clrAttr(Pool* pool, size_t bit_i, uint mask)

     in
     {
         assert( pool );
     in
     {
         assert( pool );


@@ -2614,118 +2407,13 @@ struct Gcx
     body
     {
         if (mask & BlkAttr.FINALIZE && pool.finals.nbits)
     body
     {
         if (mask & BlkAttr.FINALIZE && pool.finals.nbits)

-            pool.finals.clear(biti);
+            pool.finals.clear(bit_i);

         if (mask & BlkAttr.NO_SCAN)
         if (mask & BlkAttr.NO_SCAN)

-            pool.noscan.clear(biti);
+            pool.noscan.clear(bit_i);

 //        if (mask & BlkAttr.NO_MOVE && pool.nomove.nbits)
 //        if (mask & BlkAttr.NO_MOVE && pool.nomove.nbits)

-//            pool.nomove.clear(biti);
+//            pool.nomove.clear(bit_i);

     }
 
     }
 

-
-    /***** Leak Detector ******/
-
-
-    debug (LOGGING)
-    {
-        LogArray current;
-        LogArray prev;
-
-
-        void log_init()
-        {
-            current.reserve(1000);
-            prev.reserve(1000);
-        }
-
-
-        void log_malloc(void *p, size_t size)
-        {
-            Log log;
-
-            log.p = p;
-            log.size = size;
-            log.line = GC.line;
-            log.file = GC.file;
-            log.parent = null;
-
-            GC.line = 0;
-            GC.file = null;
-
-            current.push(log);
-        }
-
-
-        void log_free(void *p)
-        {
-            size_t i;
-
-            i = current.find(p);
-            if (i != OPFAIL)
-                current.remove(i);
-        }
-
-
-        void log_collect()
-        {
-            // Print everything in current that is not in prev
-            size_t used = 0;
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < current.dim; i++)
-            {
-                size_t j;
-
-                j = prev.find(current.data[i].p);
-                if (j == OPFAIL)
-                    current.data[i].print();
-                else
-                    used++;
-            }
-
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < current.dim; i++)
-            {
-                void *p;
-                size_t j;
-
-                p = current.data[i].p;
-                if (!findPool(current.data[i].parent))
-                {
-                    j = prev.find(current.data[i].p);
-                    current.data[i].print();
-                }
-            }
-
-            prev.copy(&current);
-        }
-
-
-        void log_parent(void *p, void *parent)
-        {
-            size_t i;
-
-            i = current.find(p);
-            if (i == OPFAIL)
-            {
-                Pool *pool;
-                pool = findPool(p);
-                assert(pool);
-                size_t offset = cast(size_t)(p - pool.baseAddr);
-                size_t biti;
-                size_t pn = offset / PAGESIZE;
-                Bins bin = cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn];
-                biti = (offset & notbinsize[bin]);
-            }
-            else
-                current.data[i].parent = parent;
-        }
-
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        void log_init() { }
-        void log_malloc(void *p, size_t size) { }
-        void log_free(void *p) { }
-        void log_collect() { }
-        void log_parent(void *p, void *parent) { }
-    }

 }
 
 
 }
 
 


@@ -2771,7 +2459,7 @@ struct Pool
         pagetable = cast(ubyte*) cstdlib.malloc(npages);
         if (!pagetable)
             onOutOfMemoryError();
         pagetable = cast(ubyte*) cstdlib.malloc(npages);
         if (!pagetable)
             onOutOfMemoryError();

-        cstring.memset(pagetable, B_FREE, npages);
+        memset(pagetable, B_FREE, npages);

 
         this.npages = npages;
     }
 
         this.npages = npages;
     }


@@ -2793,6 +2481,7 @@ struct Pool
             baseAddr = null;
             topAddr = null;
         }
             baseAddr = null;
             topAddr = null;
         }

+        // See Gcx.Dtor() for the rationale of the null check.

         if (pagetable)
             cstdlib.free(pagetable);
 
         if (pagetable)
             cstdlib.free(pagetable);
 


@@ -2859,19 +2548,19 @@ struct Pool
      */
     void freePages(size_t pagenum, size_t npages)
     {
      */
     void freePages(size_t pagenum, size_t npages)
     {

-        cstring.memset(&pagetable[pagenum], B_FREE, npages);
+        memset(&pagetable[pagenum], B_FREE, npages);

     }
 
 
     /**
     }
 
 
     /**

-     * Used for sorting pooltable[]
+     * Used for sorting pools

      */
      */

-    int opCmp(Pool *p2)
+    int opCmp(in Pool other)

     {
     {

-        if (baseAddr < p2.baseAddr)
+        if (baseAddr < other.baseAddr)

             return -1;
         else
             return -1;
         else

-        return cast(int)(baseAddr > p2.baseAddr);
+        return cast(int)(baseAddr > other.baseAddr);

     }
 }
 
     }
 }
 


@@ -2879,69 +2568,40 @@ struct Pool
 /* ============================ SENTINEL =============================== */
 
 
 /* ============================ SENTINEL =============================== */
 
 

-version (SENTINEL)
-{
-    const size_t SENTINEL_PRE = cast(size_t) 0xF4F4F4F4F4F4F4F4UL; // 32 or 64 bits
-    const ubyte SENTINEL_POST = 0xF5;           // 8 bits
-    const uint SENTINEL_EXTRA = 2 * size_t.sizeof + 1;
-
+const size_t SENTINEL_PRE = cast(size_t) 0xF4F4F4F4F4F4F4F4UL; // 32 or 64 bits
+const ubyte SENTINEL_POST = 0xF5;           // 8 bits
+const uint SENTINEL_EXTRA = 2 * size_t.sizeof + 1;

 
 

-    size_t* sentinel_size(void *p)  { return &(cast(size_t *)p)[-2]; }
-    size_t* sentinel_pre(void *p)   { return &(cast(size_t *)p)[-1]; }
-    ubyte* sentinel_post(void *p) { return &(cast(ubyte *)p)[*sentinel_size(p)]; }

 
 

+size_t* sentinel_size(void *p)  { return &(cast(size_t *)p)[-2]; }
+size_t* sentinel_pre(void *p)   { return &(cast(size_t *)p)[-1]; }
+ubyte* sentinel_post(void *p) { return &(cast(ubyte *)p)[*sentinel_size(p)]; }

 
 

-    void sentinel_init(void *p, size_t size)
-    {
-        *sentinel_size(p) = size;
-        *sentinel_pre(p) = SENTINEL_PRE;
-        *sentinel_post(p) = SENTINEL_POST;
-    }

 
 

-
-    void sentinel_Invariant(void *p)
-    {
-        assert(*sentinel_pre(p) == SENTINEL_PRE);
-        assert(*sentinel_post(p) == SENTINEL_POST);
-    }
-
-
-    void *sentinel_add(void *p)
-    {
-        return p + 2 * size_t.sizeof;
-    }
-
-
-    void *sentinel_sub(void *p)
-    {
-        return p - 2 * size_t.sizeof;
-    }
-}
-else
+void sentinel_init(void *p, size_t size)

 {
 {

-    const uint SENTINEL_EXTRA = 0;
-
-
-    void sentinel_init(void *p, size_t size)
-    {
-    }
+    *sentinel_size(p) = size;
+    *sentinel_pre(p) = SENTINEL_PRE;
+    *sentinel_post(p) = SENTINEL_POST;
+}

 
 
 
 

-    void sentinel_Invariant(void *p)
-    {
-    }
+void sentinel_Invariant(void *p)
+{
+    assert(*sentinel_pre(p) == SENTINEL_PRE);
+    assert(*sentinel_post(p) == SENTINEL_POST);
+}

 
 
 
 

-    void *sentinel_add(void *p)
-    {
-        return p;
-    }
+void *sentinel_add(void *p)
+{
+    return p + 2 * size_t.sizeof;
+}

 
 
 
 

-    void *sentinel_sub(void *p)
-    {
-        return p;
-    }
+void *sentinel_sub(void *p)
+{
+    return p - 2 * size_t.sizeof;

 }
 
 
 }