Call memset() only for large enough chunks of data

[software/dgc/cdgc.git] / rt / gc / cdgc / gc.d

diff --git a/rt/gc/cdgc/gc.d b/rt/gc/cdgc/gc.d
index ee05d60d4043341bb0183ca34f0d838aeace0dcd..e7fdbd2832b9b4208d8f1c5fb55b79972f8a5aa5 100644 (file)
--- a/rt/gc/cdgc/gc.d
+++ b/rt/gc/cdgc/gc.d
@@ -47,10 +47,27 @@ version = STACKGROWSDOWN;       // growing the stack means subtracting from the
 import rt.gc.cdgc.bits: GCBits;
 import rt.gc.cdgc.stats: GCStats;
 import alloc = rt.gc.cdgc.alloc;
 import rt.gc.cdgc.bits: GCBits;
 import rt.gc.cdgc.stats: GCStats;
 import alloc = rt.gc.cdgc.alloc;

+import rt.gc.cdgc.dynarray: DynArray;

 
 import cstdlib = tango.stdc.stdlib;
 import cstring = tango.stdc.string;
 
 
 import cstdlib = tango.stdc.stdlib;
 import cstring = tango.stdc.string;
 

+/*
+ * This is a small optimization that proved it's usefulness. For small chunks
+ * or memory memset() seems to be slower (probably because of the call) that
+ * simply doing a simple loop to set the memory.
+ */
+void memset(void* dst, int c, size_t n)
+{
+    // This number (32) has been determined empirically
+    if (n > 32) {
+        cstring.memset(dst, c, n);
+        return;
+    }
+    auto p = cast(ubyte*)(dst);
+    while (n-- > 0)
+        *p++ = c;
+}

 
 version (GNU)
 {
 
 version (GNU)
 {


@@ -143,17 +160,6 @@ class GC
     }
 
 
     }
 
 

-    void Dtor()
-    {
-        if (gcx)
-        {
-            gcx.Dtor();
-            cstdlib.free(gcx);
-            gcx = null;
-        }
-    }
-
-

     /**
      *
      */
     /**
      *
      */


@@ -379,8 +385,8 @@ class GC
             // Return next item from free list
             gcx.bucket[bin] = (cast(List*)p).next;
             if( !(bits & BlkAttr.NO_SCAN) )
             // Return next item from free list
             gcx.bucket[bin] = (cast(List*)p).next;
             if( !(bits & BlkAttr.NO_SCAN) )

-                cstring.memset(p + size, 0, binsize[bin] - size);
-            debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF0, size);
+                memset(p + size, 0, binsize[bin] - size);
+            debug (MEMSTOMP) memset(p, 0xF0, size);

         }
         else
         {
         }
         else
         {


@@ -432,7 +438,7 @@ class GC
         assert(size != 0);
 
         void *p = mallocNoSync(size, bits);
         assert(size != 0);
 
         void *p = mallocNoSync(size, bits);

-        cstring.memset(p, 0, size);
+        memset(p, 0, size);

         return p;
     }
 
         return p;
     }
 


@@ -526,7 +532,7 @@ class GC
                         synchronized (gcLock)
                         {
                             debug (MEMSTOMP)
                         synchronized (gcLock)
                         {
                             debug (MEMSTOMP)

-                                cstring.memset(p + size, 0xF2, psize - size);
+                                memset(p + size, 0xF2, psize - size);

                             pool.freePages(pagenum + newsz, psz - newsz);
                         }
                         return p;
                             pool.freePages(pagenum + newsz, psz - newsz);
                         }
                         return p;


@@ -541,9 +547,9 @@ class GC
                                 if (i == pagenum + newsz)
                                 {
                                     debug (MEMSTOMP)
                                 if (i == pagenum + newsz)
                                 {
                                     debug (MEMSTOMP)

-                                        cstring.memset(p + psize, 0xF0,
+                                        memset(p + psize, 0xF0,

                                                 size - psize);
                                                 size - psize);

-                                    cstring.memset(pool.pagetable + pagenum +
+                                    memset(pool.pagetable + pagenum +

                                             psz, B_PAGEPLUS, newsz - psz);
                                     return p;
                                 }
                                             psz, B_PAGEPLUS, newsz - psz);
                                     return p;
                                 }


@@ -655,8 +661,8 @@ class GC
         if (sz < minsz)
             return 0;
         debug (MEMSTOMP)
         if (sz < minsz)
             return 0;
         debug (MEMSTOMP)

-            cstring.memset(p + psize, 0xF0, (psz + sz) * PAGESIZE - psize);
-        cstring.memset(pool.pagetable + pagenum + psz, B_PAGEPLUS, sz);
+            memset(p + psize, 0xF0, (psz + sz) * PAGESIZE - psize);
+        memset(pool.pagetable + pagenum + psz, B_PAGEPLUS, sz);

         gcx.p_cache = null;
         gcx.size_cache = 0;
         return (psz + sz) * PAGESIZE;
         gcx.p_cache = null;
         gcx.size_cache = 0;
         return (psz + sz) * PAGESIZE;


@@ -747,7 +753,7 @@ class GC
             size_t n = pagenum;
             while (++n < pool.npages && pool.pagetable[n] == B_PAGEPLUS)
                 npages++;
             size_t n = pagenum;
             while (++n < pool.npages && pool.pagetable[n] == B_PAGEPLUS)
                 npages++;

-            debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF2, npages * PAGESIZE);
+            debug (MEMSTOMP) memset(p, 0xF2, npages * PAGESIZE);

             pool.freePages(pagenum, npages);
         }
         else
             pool.freePages(pagenum, npages);
         }
         else


@@ -755,7 +761,7 @@ class GC
             // Add to free list
             List *list = cast(List*)p;
 
             // Add to free list
             List *list = cast(List*)p;
 

-            debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF2, binsize[bin]);
+            debug (MEMSTOMP) memset(p, 0xF2, binsize[bin]);

 
             list.next = gcx.bucket[bin];
             gcx.bucket[bin] = list;
 
             list.next = gcx.bucket[bin];
             gcx.bucket[bin] = list;


@@ -1000,11 +1006,13 @@ class GC
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {

-            gcx.addRoot(p);
+            if (roots.append(p) is null)
+                onOutOfMemoryError();

         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {
         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {

-            gcx.addRoot(p);
+            if (roots.append(p) is null)
+                onOutOfMemoryError();

         }
     }
 
         }
     }
 


@@ -1019,14 +1027,16 @@ class GC
             return;
         }
 
             return;
         }
 

+        bool r;

         if (!thread_needLock())
         {
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {

-            gcx.removeRoot(p);
+            r = roots.remove(p);

         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {
         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {

-            gcx.removeRoot(p);
+            r = roots.remove(p);

         }
         }

+        assert (r);

     }
 
 
     }
 
 


@@ -1042,11 +1052,13 @@ class GC
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {
 
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {

-            gcx.addRange(p, p + sz);
+            if (ranges.append(Range(p, p+sz)) is null)
+                onOutOfMemoryError();

         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {
         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {

-            gcx.addRange(p, p + sz);
+            if (ranges.append(Range(p, p+sz)) is null)
+                onOutOfMemoryError();

         }
     }
 
         }
     }
 


@@ -1061,14 +1073,16 @@ class GC
             return;
         }
 
             return;
         }
 

+        bool r;

         if (!thread_needLock())
         {
         if (!thread_needLock())
         {

-            gcx.removeRange(p);
+            r = ranges.remove(Range(p, null));

         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {
         }
         else synchronized (gcLock)
         {

-            gcx.removeRange(p);
+            r = ranges.remove(Range(p, null));

         }
         }

+        assert (r);

     }
 
 
     }
 
 


@@ -1161,11 +1175,11 @@ class GC
         size_t n;
         size_t bsize = 0;
 
         size_t n;
         size_t bsize = 0;
 

-        cstring.memset(&stats, 0, GCStats.sizeof);
+        memset(&stats, 0, GCStats.sizeof);

 
 

-        for (n = 0; n < gcx.npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            Pool *pool = gcx.pooltable[n];
+            Pool* pool = pools[n];

             psize += pool.npages * PAGESIZE;
             for (size_t j = 0; j < pool.npages; j++)
             {
             psize += pool.npages * PAGESIZE;
             for (size_t j = 0; j < pool.npages; j++)
             {


@@ -1318,6 +1332,13 @@ struct Range
 {
     void *pbot;
     void *ptop;
 {
     void *pbot;
     void *ptop;

+    int opCmp(in Range other)
+    {
+        if (pbot < other.pbot)
+            return -1;
+        else
+        return cast(int)(pbot > other.pbot);
+    }

 }
 
 
 }
 
 


@@ -1325,6 +1346,13 @@ const uint binsize[B_MAX] = [ 16,32,64,128,256,512,1024,2048,4096 ];
 const uint notbinsize[B_MAX] = [ ~(16u-1),~(32u-1),~(64u-1),~(128u-1),~(256u-1),
                                 ~(512u-1),~(1024u-1),~(2048u-1),~(4096u-1) ];
 
 const uint notbinsize[B_MAX] = [ ~(16u-1),~(32u-1),~(64u-1),~(128u-1),~(256u-1),
                                 ~(512u-1),~(1024u-1),~(2048u-1),~(4096u-1) ];
 

+DynArray!(void*) roots;
+
+DynArray!(Range) ranges;
+
+DynArray!(Pool) pools;
+
+

 /* ============================ Gcx =============================== */
 
 
 /* ============================ Gcx =============================== */
 
 


@@ -1334,14 +1362,6 @@ struct Gcx
     void *p_cache;
     size_t size_cache;
 
     void *p_cache;
     size_t size_cache;
 

-    size_t nroots;
-    size_t rootdim;
-    void **roots;
-
-    size_t nranges;
-    size_t rangedim;
-    Range *ranges;
-

     uint noStack;       // !=0 means don't scan stack
     uint log;           // turn on logging
     uint anychanges;
     uint noStack;       // !=0 means don't scan stack
     uint log;           // turn on logging
     uint anychanges;


@@ -1352,9 +1372,6 @@ struct Gcx
     byte *minAddr;      // min(baseAddr)
     byte *maxAddr;      // max(topAddr)
 
     byte *minAddr;      // min(baseAddr)
     byte *maxAddr;      // max(topAddr)
 

-    size_t npools;
-    Pool **pooltable;
-

     List *bucket[B_MAX];        // free list for each size
 
 
     List *bucket[B_MAX];        // free list for each size
 
 


@@ -1368,27 +1385,6 @@ struct Gcx
     }
 
 
     }
 
 

-    void Dtor()
-    {
-        inited = 0;
-
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < npools; i++)
-        {
-            Pool *pool = pooltable[i];
-            pool.Dtor();
-            cstdlib.free(pool);
-        }
-        if (pooltable)
-            cstdlib.free(pooltable);
-
-        if (roots)
-            cstdlib.free(roots);
-
-        if (ranges)
-            cstdlib.free(ranges);
-    }
-
-

     void Invariant() { }
 
 
     void Invariant() { }
 
 


@@ -1399,41 +1395,32 @@ struct Gcx
         //printf("Gcx.invariant(): this = %p\n", this);
             size_t i;
 
         //printf("Gcx.invariant(): this = %p\n", this);
             size_t i;
 

-            for (i = 0; i < npools; i++)
+            for (i = 0; i < pools.length; i++)

             {
             {

-                Pool *pool = pooltable[i];
+                Pool* pool = pools[i];

                 pool.Invariant();
                 if (i == 0)
                 {
                     assert(minAddr == pool.baseAddr);
                 }
                 pool.Invariant();
                 if (i == 0)
                 {
                     assert(minAddr == pool.baseAddr);
                 }

-                if (i + 1 < npools)
+                if (i + 1 < pools.length)

                 {
                 {

-                    assert(pool.opCmp(pooltable[i + 1]) < 0);
+                    assert(*pool < pools[i + 1]);

                 }
                 }

-                else if (i + 1 == npools)
+                else if (i + 1 == pools.length)

                 {
                     assert(maxAddr == pool.topAddr);
                 }
             }
 
                 {
                     assert(maxAddr == pool.topAddr);
                 }
             }
 

-            if (roots)
-            {
-                assert(rootdim != 0);
-                assert(nroots <= rootdim);
-            }
+            roots.Invariant();
+            ranges.Invariant();

 
 

-            if (ranges)
+            for (i = 0; i < ranges.length; i++)

             {
             {

-                assert(rangedim != 0);
-                assert(nranges <= rangedim);
-
-                for (i = 0; i < nranges; i++)
-                {
-                    assert(ranges[i].pbot);
-                    assert(ranges[i].ptop);
-                    assert(ranges[i].pbot <= ranges[i].ptop);
-                }
+                assert(ranges[i].pbot);
+                assert(ranges[i].ptop);
+                assert(ranges[i].pbot <= ranges[i].ptop);

             }
 
             for (i = 0; i < B_PAGE; i++)
             }
 
             for (i = 0; i < B_PAGE; i++)


@@ -1446,120 +1433,23 @@ struct Gcx
     }
 
 
     }
 
 

-    /**
-     *
-     */
-    void addRoot(void *p)
-    {
-        if (nroots == rootdim)
-        {
-            size_t newdim = rootdim * 2 + 16;
-            void** newroots;
-
-            newroots = cast(void**) cstdlib.malloc(newdim * newroots[0].sizeof);
-            if (!newroots)
-                onOutOfMemoryError();
-            if (roots)
-            {
-                cstring.memcpy(newroots, roots, nroots * newroots[0].sizeof);
-                cstdlib.free(roots);
-            }
-            roots = newroots;
-            rootdim = newdim;
-        }
-        roots[nroots] = p;
-        nroots++;
-    }
-
-
-    /**
-     *
-     */
-    void removeRoot(void *p)
-    {
-        for (size_t i = nroots; i--;)
-        {
-            if (roots[i] == p)
-            {
-                nroots--;
-                cstring.memmove(roots + i, roots + i + 1,
-                        (nroots - i) * roots[0].sizeof);
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-        assert(0);
-    }
-
-
-    /**
-     *
-     */
-    void addRange(void *pbot, void *ptop)
-    {
-        if (nranges == rangedim)
-        {
-            size_t newdim = rangedim * 2 + 16;
-            Range *newranges;
-
-            newranges = cast(Range*) cstdlib.malloc(newdim * Range.sizeof);
-            if (!newranges)
-                onOutOfMemoryError();
-            if (ranges)
-            {
-                cstring.memcpy(newranges, ranges, nranges * Range.sizeof);
-                cstdlib.free(ranges);
-            }
-            ranges = newranges;
-            rangedim = newdim;
-        }
-        ranges[nranges].pbot = pbot;
-        ranges[nranges].ptop = ptop;
-        nranges++;
-    }
-
-
-    /**
-     *
-     */
-    void removeRange(void *pbot)
-    {
-        for (size_t i = nranges; i--;)
-        {
-            if (ranges[i].pbot == pbot)
-            {
-                nranges--;
-                cstring.memmove(ranges + i, ranges + i + 1,
-                        (nranges - i) * ranges[0].sizeof);
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // This is a fatal error, but ignore it.
-        // The problem is that we can get a Close() call on a thread
-        // other than the one the range was allocated on.
-        //assert(zero);
-    }
-
-

     /**
      * Find Pool that pointer is in.
      * Return null if not in a Pool.
     /**
      * Find Pool that pointer is in.
      * Return null if not in a Pool.

-     * Assume pooltable[] is sorted.
+     * Assume pools is sorted.

      */
     Pool *findPool(void *p)
     {
         if (p >= minAddr && p < maxAddr)
         {
      */
     Pool *findPool(void *p)
     {
         if (p >= minAddr && p < maxAddr)
         {

-            if (npools == 1)
+            if (pools.length == 1)

             {
             {

-                return pooltable[0];
+                return pools[0];

             }
 
             }
 

-            for (size_t i = 0; i < npools; i++)
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < pools.length; i++)

             {
             {

-                Pool *pool;
-
-                pool = pooltable[i];
+                Pool* pool = pools[i];

                 if (p < pool.topAddr)
                 {
                     if (pool.baseAddr <= p)
                 if (p < pool.topAddr)
                 {
                     if (pool.baseAddr <= p)


@@ -1761,7 +1651,7 @@ struct Gcx
 
     /**
      * Allocate a new pool of at least size bytes.
 
     /**
      * Allocate a new pool of at least size bytes.

-     * Sort it into pooltable[].
+     * Sort it into pools.

      * Mark all memory in the pool as B_FREE.
      * Return the actual number of bytes reserved or 0 on error.
      */
      * Mark all memory in the pool as B_FREE.
      * Return the actual number of bytes reserved or 0 on error.
      */


@@ -1785,27 +1675,22 @@ struct Gcx
         size_t pn;
         Pool*  pool;
 
         size_t pn;
         Pool*  pool;
 

-        for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            pool = pooltable[n];
+            pool = pools[n];

             for (pn = 0; pn < pool.npages; pn++)
             {
                 if (cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn] != B_FREE)
                     break;
             }
             if (pn < pool.npages)
             for (pn = 0; pn < pool.npages; pn++)
             {
                 if (cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn] != B_FREE)
                     break;
             }
             if (pn < pool.npages)

-            {
-                n++;

                 continue;
                 continue;

-            }

             pool.Dtor();
             pool.Dtor();

-            cstdlib.free(pool);
-            cstring.memmove(pooltable + n,
-                            pooltable + n + 1,
-                            (--npools - n) * (Pool*).sizeof);
-            minAddr = pooltable[0].baseAddr;
-            maxAddr = pooltable[npools - 1].topAddr;
+            pools.remove_at(n);
+            n--;

         }
         }

+        minAddr = pools[0].baseAddr;
+        maxAddr = pools[pools.length - 1].topAddr;

     }
 
 
     }
 
 


@@ -1830,9 +1715,9 @@ struct Gcx
             // This code could use some refinement when repeatedly
             // allocating very large arrays.
 
             // This code could use some refinement when repeatedly
             // allocating very large arrays.
 

-            for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+            for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

             {
             {

-                pool = pooltable[n];
+                pool = pools[n];

                 pn = pool.allocPages(npages);
                 if (pn != OPFAIL)
                     goto L1;
                 pn = pool.allocPages(npages);
                 if (pn != OPFAIL)
                     goto L1;


@@ -1849,7 +1734,7 @@ struct Gcx
                 }
                 // Try collecting
                 freedpages = fullcollectshell();
                 }
                 // Try collecting
                 freedpages = fullcollectshell();

-                if (freedpages >= npools * ((POOLSIZE / PAGESIZE) / 4))
+                if (freedpages >= pools.length * ((POOLSIZE / PAGESIZE) / 4))

                 {
                     state = 1;
                     continue;
                 {
                     state = 1;
                     continue;


@@ -1886,10 +1771,10 @@ struct Gcx
       L1:
         pool.pagetable[pn] = B_PAGE;
         if (npages > 1)
       L1:
         pool.pagetable[pn] = B_PAGE;
         if (npages > 1)

-            cstring.memset(&pool.pagetable[pn + 1], B_PAGEPLUS, npages - 1);
+            memset(&pool.pagetable[pn + 1], B_PAGEPLUS, npages - 1);

         p = pool.baseAddr + pn * PAGESIZE;
         p = pool.baseAddr + pn * PAGESIZE;

-        cstring.memset(cast(char *)p + size, 0, npages * PAGESIZE - size);
-        debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF1, size);
+        memset(cast(char *)p + size, 0, npages * PAGESIZE - size);
+        debug (MEMSTOMP) memset(p, 0xF1, size);

         return p;
 
       Lnomemory:
         return p;
 
       Lnomemory:


@@ -1899,16 +1784,11 @@ struct Gcx
 
     /**
      * Allocate a new pool with at least npages in it.
 
     /**
      * Allocate a new pool with at least npages in it.

-     * Sort it into pooltable[].
+     * Sort it into pools.

      * Return null if failed.
      */
     Pool *newPool(size_t npages)
     {
      * Return null if failed.
      */
     Pool *newPool(size_t npages)
     {

-        Pool*  pool;
-        Pool** newpooltable;
-        size_t newnpools;
-        size_t i;
-

         // Minimum of POOLSIZE
         if (npages < POOLSIZE/PAGESIZE)
             npages = POOLSIZE/PAGESIZE;
         // Minimum of POOLSIZE
         if (npages < POOLSIZE/PAGESIZE)
             npages = POOLSIZE/PAGESIZE;


@@ -1921,9 +1801,9 @@ struct Gcx
         }
 
         // Allocate successively larger pools up to 8 megs
         }
 
         // Allocate successively larger pools up to 8 megs

-        if (npools)
+        if (pools.length)

         {
         {

-            size_t n = npools;
+            size_t n = pools.length;

             if (n > 8)
                 n = 8;                  // cap pool size at 8 megs
             n *= (POOLSIZE / PAGESIZE);
             if (n > 8)
                 n = 8;                  // cap pool size at 8 megs
             n *= (POOLSIZE / PAGESIZE);


@@ -1931,41 +1811,21 @@ struct Gcx
                 npages = n;
         }
 
                 npages = n;
         }
 

-        pool = cast(Pool *) cstdlib.calloc(1, Pool.sizeof);
-        if (pool)
+        Pool p;
+        p.initialize(npages);
+        if (!p.baseAddr)

         {
         {

-            pool.initialize(npages);
-            if (!pool.baseAddr)
-                goto Lerr;
-
-            newnpools = npools + 1;
-            newpooltable = cast(Pool **) cstdlib.realloc(pooltable,
-                    newnpools * (Pool *).sizeof);
-            if (!newpooltable)
-                goto Lerr;
-
-            // Sort pool into newpooltable[]
-            for (i = 0; i < npools; i++)
-            {
-                if (pool.opCmp(newpooltable[i]) < 0)
-                     break;
-            }
-            cstring.memmove(newpooltable + i + 1, newpooltable + i,
-                    (npools - i) * (Pool *).sizeof);
-            newpooltable[i] = pool;
-
-            pooltable = newpooltable;
-            npools = newnpools;
+            p.Dtor();
+            return null;
+        }

 
 

-            minAddr = pooltable[0].baseAddr;
-            maxAddr = pooltable[npools - 1].topAddr;
+        Pool* pool = pools.insert_sorted(p);
+        if (pool)
+        {
+            minAddr = pools[0].baseAddr;
+            maxAddr = pools[pools.length - 1].topAddr;

         }
         return pool;
         }
         return pool;

-
-      Lerr:
-        pool.Dtor();
-        cstdlib.free(pool);
-        return null;

     }
 
 
     }
 
 


@@ -1982,9 +1842,9 @@ struct Gcx
         byte*  p;
         byte*  ptop;
 
         byte*  p;
         byte*  ptop;
 

-        for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            pool = pooltable[n];
+            pool = pools[n];

             pn = pool.allocPages(1);
             if (pn != OPFAIL)
                 goto L1;
             pn = pool.allocPages(1);
             if (pn != OPFAIL)
                 goto L1;


@@ -2178,9 +2038,9 @@ struct Gcx
         size_cache = 0;
 
         anychanges = 0;
         size_cache = 0;
 
         anychanges = 0;

-        for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            pool = pooltable[n];
+            pool = pools[n];

             pool.mark.zero();
             pool.scan.zero();
             pool.freebits.zero();
             pool.mark.zero();
             pool.scan.zero();
             pool.freebits.zero();


@@ -2197,9 +2057,9 @@ struct Gcx
             }
         }
 
             }
         }
 

-        for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            pool = pooltable[n];
+            pool = pools[n];

             pool.mark.copy(&pool.freebits);
         }
 
             pool.mark.copy(&pool.freebits);
         }
 


@@ -2211,14 +2071,14 @@ struct Gcx
             thread_scanAll( &mark, stackTop );
         }
 
             thread_scanAll( &mark, stackTop );
         }
 

-        // Scan roots[]
+        // Scan roots

         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("scan roots[]\n");
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("scan roots[]\n");

-        mark(roots, roots + nroots);
+        mark(roots.ptr, roots.ptr + roots.length);

 
 

-        // Scan ranges[]
+        // Scan ranges

         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("scan ranges[]\n");
         //log++;
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("scan ranges[]\n");
         //log++;

-        for (n = 0; n < nranges; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < ranges.length; n++)

         {
             debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\t%x .. %x\n", ranges[n].pbot, ranges[n].ptop);
             mark(ranges[n].pbot, ranges[n].ptop);
         {
             debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\t%x .. %x\n", ranges[n].pbot, ranges[n].ptop);
             mark(ranges[n].pbot, ranges[n].ptop);


@@ -2229,13 +2089,13 @@ struct Gcx
         while (anychanges)
         {
             anychanges = 0;
         while (anychanges)
         {
             anychanges = 0;

-            for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+            for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

             {
                 uint *bbase;
                 uint *b;
                 uint *btop;
 
             {
                 uint *bbase;
                 uint *b;
                 uint *btop;
 

-                pool = pooltable[n];
+                pool = pools[n];

 
                 bbase = pool.scan.base();
                 btop = bbase + pool.scan.nwords;
 
                 bbase = pool.scan.base();
                 btop = bbase + pool.scan.nwords;


@@ -2295,9 +2155,9 @@ struct Gcx
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tfree'ing\n");
         size_t freedpages = 0;
         size_t freed = 0;
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tfree'ing\n");
         size_t freedpages = 0;
         size_t freed = 0;

-        for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            pool = pooltable[n];
+            pool = pools[n];

             uint*  bbase = pool.mark.base();
             size_t pn;
             for (pn = 0; pn < pool.npages; pn++, bbase += PAGESIZE / (32 * 16))
             uint*  bbase = pool.mark.base();
             size_t pn;
             for (pn = 0; pn < pool.npages; pn++, bbase += PAGESIZE / (32 * 16))


@@ -2326,7 +2186,7 @@ struct Gcx
 
                             List *list = cast(List *)p;
 
 
                             List *list = cast(List *)p;
 

-                            debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF3, size);
+                            debug (MEMSTOMP) memset(p, 0xF3, size);

                         }
                         pool.pagetable[pn] = B_FREE;
                         freed += PAGESIZE;
                         }
                         pool.pagetable[pn] = B_FREE;
                         freed += PAGESIZE;


@@ -2346,7 +2206,7 @@ struct Gcx
 
                             List *list = cast(List *)p;
 
 
                             List *list = cast(List *)p;
 

-                            debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF3, size);
+                            debug (MEMSTOMP) memset(p, 0xF3, size);

 
                             freed += size;
                         }
 
                             freed += size;
                         }


@@ -2366,7 +2226,7 @@ struct Gcx
                         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tcollecting big %x\n", p);
                         pool.pagetable[pn] = B_FREE;
                         freedpages++;
                         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tcollecting big %x\n", p);
                         pool.pagetable[pn] = B_FREE;
                         freedpages++;

-                        debug (MEMSTOMP) cstring.memset(p, 0xF3, PAGESIZE);
+                        debug (MEMSTOMP) memset(p, 0xF3, PAGESIZE);

                         while (pn + 1 < pool.npages && pool.pagetable[pn + 1] == B_PAGEPLUS)
                         {
                             pn++;
                         while (pn + 1 < pool.npages && pool.pagetable[pn + 1] == B_PAGEPLUS)
                         {
                             pn++;


@@ -2376,7 +2236,7 @@ struct Gcx
                             debug (MEMSTOMP)
                             {
                                 p += PAGESIZE;
                             debug (MEMSTOMP)
                             {
                                 p += PAGESIZE;

-                                cstring.memset(p, 0xF3, PAGESIZE);
+                                memset(p, 0xF3, PAGESIZE);

                             }
                         }
                     }
                             }
                         }
                     }


@@ -2390,9 +2250,9 @@ struct Gcx
         // Free complete pages, rebuild free list
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tfree complete pages\n");
         size_t recoveredpages = 0;
         // Free complete pages, rebuild free list
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tfree complete pages\n");
         size_t recoveredpages = 0;

-        for (n = 0; n < npools; n++)
+        for (n = 0; n < pools.length; n++)

         {
         {

-            pool = pooltable[n];
+            pool = pools[n];

             for (size_t pn = 0; pn < pool.npages; pn++)
             {
                 Bins   bin = cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn];
             for (size_t pn = 0; pn < pool.npages; pn++)
             {
                 Bins   bin = cast(Bins)pool.pagetable[pn];


@@ -2435,7 +2295,7 @@ struct Gcx
         }
 
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("recovered pages = %d\n", recoveredpages);
         }
 
         debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("recovered pages = %d\n", recoveredpages);

-        debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tfree'd %u bytes, %u pages from %u pools\n", freed, freedpages, npools);
+        debug(COLLECT_PRINTF) printf("\tfree'd %u bytes, %u pages from %u pools\n", freed, freedpages, pools.length);

 
         return freedpages + recoveredpages;
     }
 
         return freedpages + recoveredpages;
     }


@@ -2557,7 +2417,7 @@ struct Pool
         pagetable = cast(ubyte*) cstdlib.malloc(npages);
         if (!pagetable)
             onOutOfMemoryError();
         pagetable = cast(ubyte*) cstdlib.malloc(npages);
         if (!pagetable)
             onOutOfMemoryError();

-        cstring.memset(pagetable, B_FREE, npages);
+        memset(pagetable, B_FREE, npages);

 
         this.npages = npages;
     }
 
         this.npages = npages;
     }


@@ -2579,6 +2439,7 @@ struct Pool
             baseAddr = null;
             topAddr = null;
         }
             baseAddr = null;
             topAddr = null;
         }

+        // See Gcx.Dtor() for the rationale of the null check.

         if (pagetable)
             cstdlib.free(pagetable);
 
         if (pagetable)
             cstdlib.free(pagetable);
 


@@ -2645,19 +2506,19 @@ struct Pool
      */
     void freePages(size_t pagenum, size_t npages)
     {
      */
     void freePages(size_t pagenum, size_t npages)
     {

-        cstring.memset(&pagetable[pagenum], B_FREE, npages);
+        memset(&pagetable[pagenum], B_FREE, npages);

     }
 
 
     /**
     }
 
 
     /**

-     * Used for sorting pooltable[]
+     * Used for sorting pools

      */
      */

-    int opCmp(Pool *p2)
+    int opCmp(in Pool other)

     {
     {

-        if (baseAddr < p2.baseAddr)
+        if (baseAddr < other.baseAddr)

             return -1;
         else
             return -1;
         else

-        return cast(int)(baseAddr > p2.baseAddr);
+        return cast(int)(baseAddr > other.baseAddr);

     }
 }
 
     }
 }